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하상귀,Turab H. Jafri,홍상현,김성태,윤지석,유한규 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.27 No.1
New energy absorption devices have been developed for use in net-type debris flow protection systems. The capacity of the anchors in the system needs careful analysis because the anchors play a significant role in transmitting energy from the impacting debris to the ground. In this paper, an effective method is proposed for estimating the anchor capacity based on increasing energy levels and the effect of brake frames in the system. For this purpose, four test cases based on varying impact energy levels were developed and full-scale impact tests were performed. The maximum deformations and tensile forces developed in the system were recorded and analyzed. Thereafter, the performance of the net protection system in the presence and absence of brake frames was numerically analyzed using ABAQUS software, and the stress distribution in various system components was investigated. Based on the results of the full-scale impact tests and numerical analysis, a relationship between the total anchor capacity and impact energy level was established by considering the workability of the U-clips. This study demonstrates that approximately 40% reduced anchor capacity can be safely used for impact energy levels ranging from 50 to 200 kJ when brake frames are used in the system.
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쉴드 TBM 시공데이터와 지반침하 계측데이터 간 상관성 분석
정예림,남경민,김한얼,하상귀,윤지석,조재은,유한규 사단법인 한국터널지하공간학회 2022 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.24 No.1
The demand for tunnel construction is increasing as part of underground space development due to urban saturation. The shield TBM method minimizes vibration and noise and minimizes ground deformation that occurs simultaneously with excavation, and shield TBM is generally applied to tunnel construction in urban areas. The importance of urban ground settlement prediction is increasing day by day, and in the case of shield TBM construction, ground deformation is minimized, but ground settlement due to tunnel excavation inevitably occurs. Therefore, in this study, the correlation between shield TBM, which is highly applicable to urban areas, and ground settlement is analyzed to suggest the shield TBM construction factors that have a major effect on ground settlement. Correlation analysis was performed between the shield TBM construction data and ground settlement measurement data collected at the actual site, and the degree of correlation was expressed as a correlation coefficient “r”. As a result, the main construction factors of shield TBM affecting ground settlement were thrust force, torque, chamber pressure, backfill pressure and muck discharge. Based on the results of this study, it is expected to contribute to the presentation of judgment criteria for major construction data so that the ground settlement can be predicted and controlled in advance when operating the shield TBM in the future. 도심지 포화 상태로 인한 지하공간 개발의 일환으로 터널 건설의 수요가 증가하고 있다. 쉴드 TBM 공법은 진동과 소음을 최소화하며 굴착과 동시에 지반 변형을 최소화하는 공법으로, 국내 도심지 터널 시공은 대체로 쉴드 TBM이 적용되고 있다. 도심지 지반침하 예측의 중요성은 나날이 증가하고 있으며 쉴드 TBM 시공의 경우 지반 변형을 최소화 하지만 터널굴착에 의한 지반침하는 필연적으로 발생한다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 도심지 적용성이 높은 쉴드 TBM과 지반침하와의 상관성을 분석하여 지반침하에 주요한 영향을 미치는 쉴드 TBM 시공인자를 제시하고자 한다. 실제 현장에서 수집한 쉴드 TBM 시공데이터와 지반침하 계측데이터 간 상관관계 분석을 수행하였으며, 상관성 정도를 상관계수 “r”로 표현하였다. 그 결과 지반침하에 영향을 미치는 쉴드 TBM 주요 시공인자는 추력(Thrust force), 토크(Torque), 챔버압(Chamber pressure), 뒷채움압(Backfill pressure), 배토량(Muck discharge)으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 향후 쉴드 TBM 운용 시 지반침하를 사전에 예측 및 제어 할 수 있도록 주요 시공데이터에 대한 판단 기준 제시에 기여할 것으로 기대된다.
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GIS 기반 지형 정보를 고려한 터널 굴착에 따른 지반침하와 터널 변위 비교 분석
조재은,정예림,송성민,윤지석,하상귀,유한규 사단법인 한국터널지하공간학회 2023 한국터널지하공간학회논문집 Vol.25 No.1
Recently, as the development of underground spaces has become active due to rapid urbanization and population density, interest in the ground behavior according to the construction of underground spaces is increasing. In large cities with high population density and many buildings, ground subsidence has a great impact on structures and there may be a risk of collapse, so the analysis of ground behavior due to underground construction is essential. Previous studies have been conducted on the subsidence pattern of the surface and the deformation of the tunnel when constructing the tunnel, but analysis has rarely been conducted by using actual topographic information. Therefore, this study analyzed the difference in ground behavior between the actual topography and the flat topography. As a result, it was confirmed that ground settlement occurs at higher elevations, such as in mountainous topography, and when the numerical analysis is performed considering topographical information, the crown settlement of the tunnel is up to about approx. It showed a difference of 10 mm, and it was found that the sensitivity was less in the case of displacement of tunnel wall compared to the crown settlement and ground settlement. The numerical analysis considering the actual GIS-based topographic information presented in this study can be used to obtain more accurate surface subsidence data to understand the behavior of the upper structure due to tunnel excavation.
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