日本語のダ行音節における Initial Glideの鼻音とアフリカータ化について

崔建植(Choi Kun Sik) 중앙대학교 일본연구소 1990 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.5

日本語의 「數詞+助数詞」 읽기에 대한 고찰 - 『NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典』의 数詞 1~10을 중심으로 -

최건식(Choi, Kun sik) 동북아시아문화학회 2021 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.69

Focusing on 5 types of reading types of numbers 1 to 10 corresponding to 258 classifiers found in “NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent New Dictionary”(published in 2016) and 1,6,8,10 for sokuon form reading. The observation results are summarized as follows. 1) Perfect matching between classifier vocabularies and their corresponding numeral readings was extremely limited. In most cases, mixed reading was performed using Chinese numerals and Japanese numerals regardless of the classifier (246 words, 95.3%). The reason is that the reading of Japanese numerals 4 and 7 is generalized. 2) In most cases, mixed readings are mainly Chinese numerals, but specific numbers ─ 4 (ヨ / ヨン), 7 (ナナ) ─ are Japanese numerals, but the aspect of additional intervention of Japanese numerals by word type classifiers, is showing a slight difference. 3) In the case of 4, since the pronunciation of the Chinese numeral reading シ (四) is the same as that of シ (死), which means death, They disliked this and used the Japanese numeral ヨ. Since then, it is confirmed that ヨン was used with classifiers around 1920. And in the case of 7, there is a risk that the Chinese numeral reading シチ will be confused with 1 (イチ) in pronunciation, so it was converted to Japanese numeral reading ナナ. 4) In each note, the Japanese and Chinese numerals such as ヨン, ナナ, and キュー for 4, 7, and 9 in the 4合 (条), 7条 (寸), and 9条 (尺 / 重) of the new dictionary are written in each note. It should be noted that it is traditionally explained that it is also referred to as シ, シチ, or ク. 5) The classifiers 1, 6, 8 and 10 that start with the beginning non-sound (カ行, サ行, タ行, ハ行) correspond to the sokuon form, but it is noteworthy that the classifiers of サ行 and タ行 and the correspondence of 6 appear as non-sokuon forms.

上代日本語의 人名 語構成要素로서의 一音節語 形態素

崔建植(Kun-Sik Choi) 동북아시아문화학회 2001 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.- No.-

This paper discusses the functions of monosyllabic morphemes such as tu and others belonging to na and ta paradigms in Ancient Japanese person's names. Choi(200l) argued that Particle tu is grammaticalized to function as a constituent used in person's names. This paper shows that monosyllabic words belonging to na paradigm as well as ta paradigm, which is regarded as allomorphs of tu, has the same function as tu. The reasons why noun connecting particles among other monosyllabic morphemes are employed are as follows: (i) Most of names, especially female names such as //me// and //maro//, are followed by family names; and (ⅱ) the main part of names, which monosyllabic words belonging to na and ta paradigm are attached to, mostly consists of one or two syllables so that one need a morpheme to help us distinguish the main part of names from the rest. This paper shows that Particle tu and its allomorphs are closely related to Old Korean Particle s by considering ta(da)-tu(du)-te(de) as well as ti(di), to(do) and to found in Ancient Japanese literature. While Particle s was phonetically realized as /t/ in Korean, it came to be phonetically realized as various allomorphs in Japanese because /t/ should always be followed by a vowel in Japanese. It is assumed that shi used in person's names that follow place names as in // shigashime (a woman from Shiga) and notoshime (a woman from Noto) //as well as other person's names as in// ineshime, inashime, tamashime, yabushime and toyoshime //is also closely related to the Korean particle s: The different Chinese characters for s used in Old Korean literature had the same pronunciation /∫i/ in Ancient Japanese.

上代神名の樣相 : 古事記·日本書紀における對比的命名法を中心に

崔建植(Choi Kun-Sik) 동북아시아문화학회 2009 동북아 문화연구 Vol.1 No.21

This study compares aspects of contradistinctive naming of gods according to age order and monosyllabic morphemes in Kojiki and Nihon-shoki with those of contradistinctive naming of persons. It reveals the following differences and similarities: First, naming of gods and persons shows a difference in contradistinctive naming according to age order. Examples of contradistinctive naming according to 「兄─弟」 are found in personal names while no such examples are found in god names since there seems to be no need to be ordered according to age or power in the god's world. Some examples using 「大─若」 are, however, found in god names. It seems that they are allowed because they are originally euphemistic expressions. Second, naming of gods shows other characteristics. Some of the god names are from their birth places or stages of action while others are from expressions that describe their mythical plots. God names that are from seasons are also found, which seems to show that the god's world and human world are closely related. Third, naming of gods and persons shows a similarity in contradistinctive naming using monosyllabic morphemes. Like personal names, God names can also be contrastively distinguished by presence and absence of certain monosyllabic morphemes, two different monosyllabic morphemes, and the two different connective particles no(の)and tu(つ)in their names.

『NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典』의 優位語~許容語의 様相

최건식(Choi, Kunsik) 동북아시아문화학회 2020 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2020 No.10

As a result of the survey, first of all, it can be pointed out that the pattern of changes in these [predominant words-permitted words] was very large during the period of less than 20 years between the new edition (1998) and the new dictionary (2016). This seems to be the result of faithfully reflecting the changes in language during the period, along with the factor of increasing quantity, that about 6,000 headwords were added to the new dictionary. In addition, it was observed that it showed a slightly different phase difference from the general Japanese dictionary in comparison with the five dictionaries. This is because the dictionary is based on "pronunciation suitable for broadcasting use" based on a survey of NHK announcers and a vast database. Therefore, although NHK is advocating a common language, it is a special vocabulary called "broadcasting vocabulary". It is judged that the environment led to the results of such investigation. In particular, in the case of Rendaku, this difference is remarkable, which can be attributed to the linguistic characteristics of the Kanto region that prefer nasal sounds, as well as the soft pronunciation of sound sounds, which NHK announcers prefer.

上代神名과 枕詞

崔建植(Choi, KunSik) 중앙대학교 일본연구소 2017 日本 硏究 Vol.0 No.44

This argues that makurakotoba (枕詞), which was followed by proper nouns such as god and place names in the divine messages, was originally used as shōshi (称詞) to explain their origins and to praise gods’ dignity or divinity, and that it was later standardized into the five letter form as it began to be hired in rhythmic kayō (歌謡) or waka (和歌). It is assumed that more various types of makurakotoba were used before the standardization process. Shamans possessed by gods used rhythmic predicative shōshi including shamanistic god names in the divine messages for their memorial services, which was orally transmitted and then the praise part began to be omitted. God names in the transitional phases such as makurakotoba form, shōshi form, and divine message form are found here and there in the old documents. This study argues that the origin of makurakotoba was various complex pre-modifying shōshi employed to express the origin, praise and marvel of gods in the divine messages by shamans and that it was later standardized into four or five letter forms in kayō or waka because complex praise forms which were difficult to understand need to be simplified.

日本語의 「數詞+助數詞」 읽기에 대한 고찰 ― 『NHK日本語発音アクセント新辞典』의 数詞 1~10을 중심으로 ―

최건식(Choi, Kun sik) 동북아시아문화학회 2021 동북아시아문화학회 국제학술대회 발표자료집 Vol.2021 No.10

In the appendix of 『NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accents New Dictionary』 published in 2016, there is a list of 258 Japanese counter suffixes, along with readings of the numeral. Of course, as it is an accent dictionary, pronunciation and accent marks are the main purposes, but it contains the readings of numeral and assistants that cannot be found in general dictionaries, so it can be said to be useful for practical purposes in everyday conversation and Japanese language education. In this presentation, we analyze and observe the characteristics of the word shapes in the readings (word form) of the numeral 1 to 10, which correspond to the 258 words of the counter suffixes in the new dictionary. Let"s take a look at the aspects of each investigation.

시뮬레이션 분석을 통한 고원식 횡단보도의 설치 제원에 관한 연구

최건식(Choi, Gun Sik),이진각(Lee, Jin Kak),전우훈(Cheon, Woo Hoon),양인철(Yang, In Cheol) 대한토목학회 2017 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2017 No.10

짐볼과 탄력밴드 운동이 만성요통환자의 요부근력에 미치는 효과

최동균 ( Dong Gyun Choi ),최건식 ( Kun Sik Choi ) 한국정체경락학회(구 정체경락연구학회) 2010 한국정체경락학회지 Vol.2 No.1

이 연구의 목적은 짐볼 운동과 탄력밴드 운동이 만성 요통환자의 요부근력에 미치는 효과를 알아보고 두 운동집단 간의 장단점을 파악하여 효율적인 운동을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 서울 J 병원 재활의학과에 내원한 만성요통을 가진 여성 환자 30명을 짐볼 운동 집단, 탄력밴드 운동 집단, 비 운동 집단으로 배정하여 8주간 실험을 실시하였다. 짐볼 운동, 탄력밴드 운동 프로그램은 준비 운동, 본 운동, 정리 운동으로 나누어 주 3회 70분씩 각각 실시하였다. 운동 8주 전.후에 요부근력기기인 Medx를 이용하여 0°, 36°, 72°의 요부근력을 측정하였다. 첫째, 운동 프로그램 실시 전.후 요부근력 0°, 36°를 측정한 결과 짐볼 운동 집단이 탄력밴드 운동 집단에 비해 각각 유의하게(p<0.01, p<0.05) 증가하였다. 둘째, 운동 프로그램 실시 전.후 요부근력 72°를 측정한 결과 탄력밴드 운동 집단이 짐볼 운동 집단에 비해 유의하게(p<0.05) 증가하였다. 이 연구의 결과에서 보면 짐볼과 탄력밴드 운동이 만성요통환자의 요부근력의 향상을 가져 왔고, 이중 짐볼운동이 더욱 효과적인것으로 나타났다. First of all, in order to study the effect of lumbar exercise by gym-ball and elastic band on lumbar muscular strength, of patients with chronic lumbago, 8 weeks of gym-ball exercises and elastic band exercises is enforced among thirty female patients from twenty to forty years old who have chronic lumbago. The exercise is performed three times a week and its hour consists of total seventy minutes daily with twenty minutes of warming up, thirty five minutes of main exercises (thirty five minutes for each gym-ball or elastic band exercises), and fifteen minutes of cool-down. Before and after carrying out gym-ball and elastic band exercises, lumbar muscular strength of 0°, 36°,and 72°degrees is measured. 1. As a result of measuring lumbar muscular strength 0°, 36° before and after carrying out the exercise program, lumbar muscular strength of the gym-ball group has increased significantly (p<0.01, p<0.05) compared to the elastic band exercise group. 2. As a result of measuring lumbar muscular strength 72° before and after carrying out the exercise program, lumbar muscular strength of the gym-ball group has increased significantly (p<0.05) compared to the elastic band exercise group.If we generalize the results stated above, the gym-ball exercise is effective on improving the lumbar muscular strength and the abdominal strength for patients with chronic lumbago.

건강교육 : 본태성 고혈압환자에서 운동중 혈청지질이 혈압에 미치는 영향

정영자,최건식,어은실,황수관 ( Y . J . Jung,K . S . Choi,E . S . Eo,S . K . Hwang ) 한국체육학회 1993 국제스포츠 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.-