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조장환,이은섭,하용웅,이정일,Cho, C.H.,Lee, E.S.,Ha, Y.W.,Lee, J.I. 한국작물학회 1982 한국작물학회지 Vol.27 No.4
Yield loss of wheat and barley due to meteorological constraints has been analyzed in order to get the basic information, which will lead to the counter-measures for dissemination of agricultural technology and administration. These meteorological damages were analyzed on the results of percentage yield loss and mechanism of damage and the aspects of constraints were explained. The annual yield loss of wheat and barley were 21.7% by meteorological stress: Cold damage, 5.9% ; excessive soil moisture, 5.6% ; lodging, 2.9% ; drought, 3.0% ; disease, 4.3% etc. Those damages by the stresses mentioned above and rain damage were analyzed in relation to the growth stages and the degrees of damage. The predispositions and the growth of wheat and barley to those meteorological stress are also discussed. Varietal resistances of wheat and barley to those stresses were indexed and the physiological and morphological characteristics of these resistant cultivars are described. Cultural practices to minimize the damages were also reviewed.
W. S. Ahn(安完植),Y. S. Kim(金泳相),C. H. Cho(曺章煥),J. Y. Choi(崔鍾烈),B. Y. Kim(金鳳淵) 한국육종학회 1984 한국육종학회지 Vol.16 No.3
The intergeneric hybrids of barley (♀) and wheat (♂): F₁ (=Manker l6/Chinese Spring) BC₁ (=M16/2*CS) and BC₂ (=M16/3*CS) were developed. The agronomic characters, reaction to diseases, number of stomata, hairiness of the leaf surface, and chlorophyll and total nitrogen contents of flag leaf were compared with those of their parent, Manker 16 and Chinese Spring. Of the 4,240 florets pollinated, 78 embryos were cultured from which 7 hybrid plants with 2n=28 chromosomes were obtained but those F₁ plants were self sterile. The first backross seeds examined had 49 chromosomes in the embryo. Twenty-four seeds obtainde from the BC₂hybrids (=M16/3*CS), and these BC² hybrids appeared the 46-49 somatic chromosomes. The heading dates of these plants showed a late tendency compared with their parents. However, they grew vigorously and speltoedspike type of wheat. The numbers of stomata on leaf surface were less than that of parents, and chlorophyll content of flag leaf was intermediate. Also those plants were resistant to stem rust and immune to powdery mildew.
秋播栽培 條件下에서 麥類의 播性消去 限界期에 관한 硏究
CHO C.H(曺章煥),M.W. PARK(朴文雄),W.S. AHN(安完植),J.H. NAM(南重鉉),B.Y. SEONG(成炳烈),Y.W. HA(河龍雄) 한국육종학회 1980 한국육종학회지 Vol.12 No.3
The vernalization periods required for various classes of growth habit in wheat and barley was studied in the fall sown cultivars at Suweon. The vernalization requirement for those I-VI class of winter growth habit was almost completed before the end of the year (81 days after sowing).
J.H. NAM(南重鉉),C.H. CHO(曺章煥),B.H. HONG(洪丙惠),B.K. KIM(金鳳九) 한국육종학회 1982 한국육종학회지 Vol.14 No.3
This experiment for evaluation method of winter hardiness, relationship among the winter hardiness related traits and their relations with heading time in wheat were carried out. The mean squares estimated among cultivar and heritabilities estimated were higher at 20cm high ridges than the 10cm high ridges. The rate of winter killed plant remarkably noticed and easier to identify the varietal differences at 20cm high ridges, The correlation coefficients estimated between winter hardiness related traits was highly positive, significance especially between winter killed tillers and plants were 0.8627**, -0.8238** at Suweon and Yeoncheon. Also, Correlation coefficients estimated among the heading time and winter killed leaves, tillers and plants were -0.2283**, -0.2820** and -0.3050, respectively. High ridge top seeded method for evaluation of winter hardiness were effective to distinguish its varietal differences and found to be the methods that can screen number of varieties and segregating materials.
CHO C.H(曺章煥),B.K. KIM(金鳳九),B.H. HONG(洪丙憙),J.H. NAM(南重鉉),K.W. CHUNG(鄭吉雄) 한국육종학회 1981 한국육종학회지 Vol.13 No.1
This study was subjected to clarify the physiological factors associated with heading and maturing of wheat and their genetic studies, relationship among heading time and involved factors as well as selection efficiency to serve for improvement of early maturing and high yielding wheat varieties. The results obtained to the present time were summarized as followings. 1. Physiological factors associated with heading time of wheat can be represented by growth habit, photowresponses, especially heading response to high temperature-shortday response, earliness in narrow sense and winter hardiness. In the areas where cold damage is negligible three factors except winter hardiness would be the major factors associated with heading time. Determination of growth habit was possible by growing materials at high temperature and longday condition with different vernalization periods. Photo-responses could be determined under high temperature-shortday and earliness in narrow sense under high temperature-longday. 2. Spring growth habit is controlled by four major genes Vrn₁, Vrn₂, Vrn₃ and Vrn₄. These genes are dominant over winter growth habit and Vrnl is found to be epistasis to the other Vrn genes. Winter growth habit is recovered. 3. Photo-insensitivity and earliness in narrow sense are controlled by one or two major genes in some crosses while polygenic inheritance are also observed in some. crosses. 4. Winter hardiness is quantitatively inherited, thus controlled by many genes 5. Studies on the earliness with segregating material planted in the field proved that this trait is determined by one or two major gene(s). However, in some crosses it was found to be polygenic. 6. Field heading time and photo-responses, earliness in narrow sense and growth habit were highly correlated each other but winter hardiness exhibited negative relations with field heading time and involved physiological factors. Thus, winter susceptibility was a disadvantageous trait for improvement of early maturing varieties. 7. Heritabilities estimated for heading time was considerably high regardless growing conditions. However, highest heritability was estimated for the materials grown under high temperature and shortday condition. 8. In relationship between heading time and grain yield, early maturing lines frequently damaged, particularly young spike primordia, by low spring temperature and increased sterile spikelet it will be desired to recombine some degree of winter growth habit, low temperature adaptability and photo-insensitivity. High grain weight and grain plumpness should also be considered in selection procedure for improving early maturing wheat varieties.
Isogenic Lines을 利用한 小麥品種의 春播性遺伝子 分析 第Ⅲ報 主要育成品種의 春播性遺伝子 究明
J. H. Nam(南重鉉),C. H. Cho(曺章煥),Y. A. Chae(蔡永岩),B. H. Hong(洪丙憙) 한국육종학회 1984 한국육종학회지 Vol.16 No.1
This experiment was conducted to clarify the genetic nature for vernalization gene using isogenic tester lines with Vrn1, Vrn2, Vsn3 and Vrn4 respectjvely, and for lateness gene in the major Korean wheat cultivars, which are used in breeding program for early maturity. Wheat cultivars, Suweon 210, Cheonggemil and Chugoku 81 were determined to carry two dominant Vrn genes such as ; Suweon 210 had Vrn 3 and Vrn 4 ; Cheonggemil had Vrn 2 and Vrn 4 ; Chugoku 81 had Vrn1 and Vrn4, Milyang 11 had one Vrn4 gene and Geurumil did not have any Vrn gene at all. Olmil appeared to possess no-known Vrn genes so far identified but has an additional Vrn for vernalization. This new gene may be different from the known Vrn1, Vrn2, Vrn3 and Vrn4. A recessive gene for lateness (P) which is independent from Vrn genes was identified in Suweon 210, Cheonggemil, Milyang 11, Chugoku 81 and Olmil. This new gene was determined to prolong to days of flag leaf emergence which required 20-day vernalization period.