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비면접원조사는 면접원조사만큼 신뢰할 만한가: 코로나시대의 사회조사 한계 극복을 위한 연구
조성겸 ( Sung Kyum Cho ),김성중 ( Sungjoong Kim ),강미나 ( Mina Kang ) 한국조사연구학회 2021 조사연구 Vol.22 No.3
코로나사태와 조사환경의 변화로 인해 면접원조사의 실효성은 점차 줄어들고 있다. 이러한 상황에 대처하기 위해 다양한 조사방법을 동시에 사용하는 혼합조사를 과학적 사회조사에 도입할 필요성이 제기된다. 혼합조사의 도입에서 문제가되는 것은 상이한 조사방법을 동시에 사용함으로써 나타나는 모드효과이다. 이 연구에서는 모드효과 중 측정효과의 발생 여부와 발생할 경우 얼마나 심각한 수준인지를 실험을 통해 검증해 보았다. 실험을 위해 한 리서치전문회사가 보유한 온라인 패널을 대상으로 동일한 질문으로 구성된 전화조사와 모바일조사를 2개의 집단에 순서를 달리하여 실시하였다. 전화조사와 모바일조사가 동일한 결과를 산출하는지 검증하기 위해 동등성 검증을 실시하였다. 분석의 결과, 원자료를 사용한 비교에서는 양 조사간 오차의 크기에서 차이가 나타났다. 이상치의 영향을 제거한 절삭된 평균을 사용할 경우 양 조사방법 간 오차크기와 측정치 기대값의 실질적인 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 비면접원조사가 측정오차를 증가시키거나 편향을 발생시키는 것은 사실이지만, 이는 충분히 관리 가능하므로 과학적 사회조사에서 혼합조사 도입이 가능하다는 것을 시사한다. Personal interview survey is becoming increasingly harder to carry out due to changing survey environment and COVID-19 pandemic. Adoption of multimodal survey in scientific social surveys is necessary. Mode effect may be present when different survey methods are simultaneously used to construct a single data set. The current study investigated the presence and the magnitude of one type of mode effect, measurement effect, through an experiment. The experiment conducted telephone interview surveys and mobile web surveys, which used the same questionnaires, on two groups of volunteers, alternating the order of the two survey methods. Equivalence tests were carried out to investigate if telephone interview survey and mobile survey yield equivalent outcomes. The results showed significant differences between outcomes of the two survey methods when the raw data was used. When trimmed means were used controlling effects of the outliers, there was no meaningful difference in measurement errors and expected values between two survey methods. The findings imply that while the mobile web survey method may increase measurement error or yield biased values, it is possible to control them. With a careful planning and preparation, adoption of multimodal survey method in a scientific social survey is feasible.
증례보고 : Lesch-Nyhan 증후군 환자의 경피적 신쇄석술을 위한 전신마취 경험
전인구 ( In Gu Jun ),진지현 ( Ji Hyun Chin ),김영국 ( Young Kug Kim ),김영욱 ( Young Uk Kim ),조성강 ( Sung Kang Cho ),황규삼 ( Gyu Sam Hwang ),황재현 ( Jai Hyun Hwang ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.53 No.4
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (LNS) is a rare, X-linked recessive inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine-phophoribosyltransferase, leading to excessive purine production and elevation of uric acid. Clinical manifestations include mental retardation, spasticity, choreathetosis, compulsive self-mutilation, renal calculi followed by obstructive nephropathy, and arthritis. Patient with LNS may have increased risk of aspiration pneumonia, acute renal failure and unexpected sudden death. We accomplished successful general anesthesia in a case of LNS requiring percutaneous nephrolithotomy due to renal calculi. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 53: 520~3)
증례보고 : 중뇌동맥 경색증 환자의 마취유도 직후 경식도 심초음파에 의해 진단된 좌심방 혈전 -증례보고-
송준걸 ( Jun Gol Song ),황규삼 ( Gyu Sam Hwang ),김영국 ( Young Kug Kim ),성승혜 ( Seung Hye Sung ),최인철 ( In Cheol Choi ),황재현 ( Jai Hyun Hwang ),조성강 ( Sung Kang Cho ),한성민 ( Sung Min Han ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.6
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death; in particular, cardiac source of embolism may be responsible for 15-20% of ischemic strokes. Here we report a case of left atrial thrombus diagnosed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) immediately after induction of general anesthesia in a patient with infarction of the middle cerebral artery. In this case, an emergent craniectomy was cancelled and medical treatment was performed. This case report shows that TEE taken in the operating room may play an important role in the change of treatment plan in a patient displaying acute mental change. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 702~6)
증례보고 : 근치적 신적출술과 하대정맥 혈전제거술 시 발생한 치명적인 심장 및 폐색전증
진지현 ( Ji Hyun Chin ),이유미 ( Yu Mi Lee ),김영국 ( Young Kug Kim ),황규삼 ( Gyu Sam Hwang ),황재현 ( Jai Hyun Hwang ),조성강 ( Sung Kang Cho ),한성민 ( Sung Min Han ) 대한마취과학회 2007 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.52 No.5
Intraoperative pulmonary embolism can result in severe hemodynamic instability, including cardiac arrest. Therefore, immediate diagnosis and proper treatment are required. We report a case of the acute cardiac and pulmonary embolisms during radical nephrectomy and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombectomy in a patient with renal cell carcinoma with thrombus in the IVC. We diagnosed the cardiac embolism intraoperatively using the transesophageal echocardiogram, and performed emergent cardiac and pulmonary embolectomies immediately. After the surgery, the patient was discharged without any complication. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2007; 52: 600~4)
조성강,조형상 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1982 中央醫大誌 Vol.7 No.4
With the advent of medicare and the increase in population over 70 years, anesthesiologist is faced in his daily practice with an ever-larger number of geriatric patients. Because the aged patients have a multiplicity of preoperative pathologic and physiologic states which may affect them during surgery, postoperatively they must be considered in their perioperative proper management. Two hundred twenty three surgical records of patient over 70 years of age were reviewed for the period of 1968 though 1981 from a total 26,722 such operations performed in Chung-Ang University Hospital. The details of these 223 operations were analyzed with respect to the variable incidence, sex, surgical department and disease, surgical site, elective or emergency surgery, concomittant disease, anesthesia technique and mortality. The results were as follows: 1. Total number of geriatric cases over 70 years of age were 223 cases(0.83% in average) in this period and there were 118 male(52.9%)and 105 female(47.1%) cases. 2. There were 97 cases(433.5%) in general surgery, but the most prevalent diagnosis were begign prostatic hypertrophy(BPH) in urosurgery which amounted to 35 cases(15,7%). 3. The most frequent surgical aite in this study was the lower abdomen(53.8%). 4. The rates of emergency surgery were 16% and most of them were diseases of general surgery(72.2%). 5. Preoperative concomittant diseases were 85% of all and were cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases in order. 6. General inhalation anesthesia(86.1%) was administered more oftem than regional anesthesia(13.9%) and halothane was used mainly since 1975. 7. The rates of postoperative complication were 10% and the relarionship between complications and duration of anesthesia was noted. 8. There were 8 cases(3.6%) of postoperative death, but nothing since 1976. In summary, the patients over 70 years of age had a poor surgical risk, but it is emphasized that the improvement of medicare and medical equipment will be needed to decrease the morbidity and mortality.