http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
문화 및 교육시설에서 나타나는 공간적 매개방식에 관한 연구
정현돈(Jung Hyun-Don),이은석(Lee Eun-Seok) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.31 No.2(계획계)
The modern society has changed due to the development of transportation and communications technology. As physical boundaries disappear from the growing technology, attempts to reconstruct placeness in the inner part of the building are being made. In this research, the intermediate spaces in modern complex building are classified into four types according to the way of forming the pedestrian circulation and public areas, which are Regular-horizontal intermediate space, Irregular-horizontal intermediate space, Regular-vertical intermediate space and Irregular-vertical intermediate space. And consider them with examples. With the results, I propose an efficient method of composing the space of a complex building applied with the typological characteristics of an intermediate space.
NC/Nga 마우스에서 Dermatophagoides farinae의 피부 적용과 기도 유발에 의해 발생한 기도 염증에 대한 CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide의 효과
김영준 ( Young Joon Kim ),장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),최원아 ( Won Ah Choi ),강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),정현돈 ( Hyun Don Jung ),김하정 ( Ha Jung Kim ),김형영 ( Hyung Young Kim ),서주희 ( Ju Hee Seo ),유진호 ( Jin Ho Yu ),홍수종 ( Soo Jo 대한천식알레르기학회 2011 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.31 No.2
Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the initial step of allergic march that progresses to airway allergic disease. There has been much interest in the interruption of the allergic march, but the results are not promising. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) has been reported to have both preventive and therapeutic effects on the development of asthma in mouse models. Objective: To identify the development of airway inflammation after having atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions induced by topical application of Dermatophagoides farinae (Df), and to evaluate the preventive effect of CpG ODN on the development of airway inflammation. Method: We injected 5 μg of Df intradermally 8 times for 2 weeks into 8-week-old NC/Nga mice and then challenged them with 3 times of Df intranasally. CpG ODN with or without Df was injected subcutaneously before airway challenge. Airway hyperreactivity was determined by the change inenhanced pause (Penh) during methacholine provocation. Lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage specimens were evaluated. Result: Topical Df application induced AD-like skin lesion microscopically, but not macroscopically. NC/Nga mice with topical Df application developed more severe airway inflammation upon intranasal Df challenge than those with topical PBS application. However, the mice with CpG ODN injection before airway challenge showed reduced airway inflammation. The levels of Df-specific IgG1 were increased in the mice with both topical Df application and intranasal Df challenge but were decreased in the mice with CpG ODN injection. Conclusion: These results suggest that CpG may inhibit the development of airway inflammation from those with previous AD-like skin lesions induced by Df. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Clin Immunol 2011;31:131-139)
장성옥 ( Seong Ok Jang ),김병주 ( Byoung Ju Kim ),유진호 ( Jin Ho Yu ),송영화 ( Young Hwa Song ),강미진 ( Mi Jin Kang ),최원아 ( Won Ah Choi ),정현돈 ( Hyun Don Jung ),이소연 ( So Yeon Lee ),홍수종 ( Soo Jong Hong ) 대한천식알레르기학회 2008 천식 및 알레르기 Vol.28 No.3
Background: CD4+ T helper cells which differentiate into the Th2 cells are crucial for the initiation and progression of allergic asthma. Human Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-associated Antigen 4-immunoglobulin (CTLA4-Ig) has been widely used in order to block T-cell costimulation in an array of experimental animal models of T-cell-mediated diseases. Objective: To evaluate whether human CTLA4-Ig fusion protein inhibits airway inflammation in a murine model of OVA-induced asthma. Method: Six-weeks-old BALB/c mice were used and airway inflammation was induced by OVA. Human CTLA4-Ig fusion protein was administered intravenously before and after sensitization with OVA. Airway responsiveness to methacholine was measured after antigen challenge. Total IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a in serum samples were assessed by ELISA. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) and lung section were also performed. Result: In mice which were treated with the CTLA4-Ig fusion protein before and after sensitization OVA, airway hyperresponsiveness and eosinophil BAL were markedly decreased. In mice which were with human CTLA4-Ig before sensitization with serum total IgE level were more significantly reduced that of positive control mice. Peribronchial inflammatory infiltration was desreased by the treatment of CTLA4-Ig before and after sensitization with OVA. Conclusion: These results suggest that human CTLA4-Ig fusion protein may inhibit eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsivness in OVA-sensitized airway challenged mice. (Korean J Asthma Allergy Immunol 2008;28:205-213)