산지습지의 생태적 복원을 위한 수문학적 기능 평가에 관한 연구

정유경,강원석,이헌호,Jung, Yu-Gyeong,Kang, Won-Seok,Lee, Heon-Ho 한국환경복원기술학회 2022 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.25 No.3

This study was conducted as restoration work to improve the discharge in forested wetlands where there is a concern of damage and observed changes in the discharge and groundwater level. The monthly changes showed that during the wet season, the amount of discharge decreased after restoration and GWL increased. It showed that during the dry season, the GWL and discharge increased. The increased discharge after restoration seems to be the difference in the number of days with no rainfall duration. The change in discharge for each unit of rainfall showed a tendency to increase the baseflow and decrease the direct discharge after restoration. The recharge ratio of GWL showed a decreasing tendency as rainfall was higher. After restoration, it showed a higher tendency under rainfall with less than 20mm. It has been confirmed that the restoration implemented by the study caused such an effect as the increased baseflow and increased GWL. It would be an effective restoration method to maintain water resources in forested wetlands. In the initial rainfall, it demonstrated a certain level of effect, but it is necessary to develop a restoration technology that can decrease the amount of water discharged after the end of rainfall or during the period of no rainfall to protect and maintain the forested wetlands. Streamflow should be identified by each type of terrain of wetlands and a proper restoration countermeasure should be devised for the site where the discharge frequently occurs.

팔공산 산림소유역의 유출 특성 변화

정유경 ( Yu-gyeong Jung ),이기환 ( Ki-hwan Lee ),최형태 ( Hyung-tae Choi ),이헌호 ( Heon-ho Lee ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.4

본 연구는 산림 소유역에서 강우량에 대한 계류유출량의 장기적인 변화추이를 정량화하고, 임목의 생장이 산림소 유역의 유출변화에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 파악하기 위하여 실시했다. 연도별로 강우량과 유출량은 비례관계를 보였으며, 시간이 경과할수록 유출량은 점차 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 월별 강우량과 유출량은 7월과 8월에 가장 높았으며, 유출률은 8월과 9월에 높은 값을 보여 강우량과 유출량, 유출률 변화가 반드시 일치하지는 않았다. 월별 변동계수(CV)는 강우량에 비해 유출량이 더 크게 나타났고, 강우량과 유출량 간의 편차는 점차 증가하였다. 강우량에 대한 총 유출량과 직접 유출량의 변화는 2011년∼2017년의 추세선의 기울기가 더 낮아졌고, 기저유출량의 기울기는 증가하였다. 산림토양이 발달하면서 토양층의 수분보유력이 증가하였기 때문으로 보여지며, 기저유출량의 증가는 팔공산 산림소유역의 유출수량 증가와 함께 지하수위 상승에 영향을 줄 것으로 판단된다. 감수곡선의 기울기는 2003년∼2010년에 비해 2011년∼2017년이 더 낮은 것으로 나타났고, 시간이 경과함에 따라 유출량의 감소가 완화되고 유출량이 일정하게 유지되었다. 따라서 팔공산 산림소유역은 임목의 생장에 따라 지표류의 유출이 감소하고 기저유량이 증가하는 것으로 나타나, 산림의 수원함양기능이 점차 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. In this study we quantified the long-term change in discharge against precipitation in a forested watershed and investigated how the growth of forest trees influences these changes. We found a proportional relationship between precipitation and discharge for each year, and discharge decreased gradually with time. Precipitation and discharge were highest in July and August, and the changes in precipitation, discharge, and runoff rate did not always coincide, given that high runoff rate was shown in August and September. The monthly coefficient of variation (CV) for discharge was larger than that for precipitation, and the deviation between precipitation and discharge increased gradually. From 2011 to 2017, the gradient of the trend line for the change of total discharge and direct runoff against precipitation decreased, whereas the gradient of the base flow increased in this same time period. A possible explanation is that the water holding capacity of soil deposits increased as the forest soil of the Palgong Mountain watershed developed and the increase of base flow rose with groundwater level together with that of outflow quantity. The coefficient of flood recession was lower in the period 2011 to 2017 than in 2003 to 2010; thus, the reduction of discharge was mitigated and remained steady as time progressed. We conclude from these results that the discharge of surface runoff decreased as tree growth and base flow increased; however, the water yield function of the forest increased gradually.

천성산 밀밭늪의 강우 유출 및 지하수위 변동 특성

정유경 ( Yu Gyeong Jung ),이상원 ( Sang Won Lee ),이헌호 ( Heon Ho Lee ) 한국산림과학회 2010 한국산림과학회지 Vol.99 No.4

This study was conducted to investigate the hydrological characteristics of groundwater level change and rainfall hydrological runoff processes caused by tunnel construction at Milbot bog located in Mt. Cheonseong. Data were collected from July 2004 to May 2008. The results were summarized as follows: The occurrence time of the direct runoff caused by unit rainfall at the Milbot bog were tended to be slower than those at general mountainous basin. Also, runoff did not sensitively respond to amount of rainfall at the most of the long and short term hydrograph. The annual runoff rates from 2004 to 2008 were 0.26, 0.13, 0.16, 0.25 and 0.27, respectively, slightly increased after 2005 regardless of the tunnel construction. Thus, the function of Milbot bog will be weakened, and it supposed to be changed to land in the future because of increasing annual runoff. The annual runoff rate for 4 years was 0.19, which is greatly lower than that of general mountainous basin. The recession coefficient of the direct runoff in short term hydrograph was ranged to 0.89~0.97, which is much larger than that of the general mountainous basin, 0.2-0.8. The recession coefficient of base flow ranged from 0.93 to 0.99, which are similar to general mountainous watershed`s values. Groundwater level of Milbot bog increased or decreased in proportion to rainfall intensity, and in the descending time after the groundwater level was reached at peak point, it tends to be decreased very slowly. Also, groundwater level increased or decreased maintaining relatively high value after precedent rainfall. Groundwater level was highest during summer with heavy rainfall, but was lowest during winter. Average groundwater levels decreased annually !Tom 2004 to 2008, -8.48 cm, -14.60 cm, -20.46 cm, -20.11 cm, -28.59 cm, respectively. Therefore, it seems that the Milbot bog is becoming dry and losing its function as a bog.

산지습원의 수질변화가 저서성대형무척추동물 군집 구조에 미치는 영향

정유경 ( Yu Gyeong Jung ),이헌호 ( Heon Ho Lee ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구는 산지습원 내에 서식하고 있는 저서성대형무척추동물의 분포 특성을 조사하고, 습원내의 수질변화가 저서성대형무척추 동물의 군집 구조에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 하였다. 연구대상지는 산지고층습원인 밀밭늪, 신불산 고산습지와 일반 산지계류 1개소를 선정하여 각각 저서성대형 무척추동물의 군집구조와 대상지의 주요 수질특성을 조사하였다. 수질조사 항목은 DO, EC, pH로 선정하였다. 저서성대형무척추동물은 밀밭늪에서 44과 80종, 신불산 고산습지는 23과 52종, 일반 산지계류에서는 22과 36종으로 조사되었다. 이 중 양호한 수생태계에서 서식하는 하루살이목, 날도래목 및 강도래목의 점유율(EPT index)을 분석한 결과, 밀밭늪에서의 EPT는 58.75%로 비교적 높은 값을 보였으며, 신불산 고산습지는 7.69%, 일반 산지계류에서는 55.55%로 각각 나타났다. EPT로 분류되는 종들은 비교적 청정한 수서환경에서 서식하기 때문에 밀밭늪과 일반 산지계류는 저서성 대형무척추동물이 서식하기에 적합한 서식처로 판단된다. 또한, 수질조사에서는 일반 산지계류에서 DO와 pH값이 가장 높게 나타났으며, EC값은 일반 산지계류와 밀밭늪의 값이 유사하게 나타났다. EPT와 수질인자와의 상관분석 결과, EC 값과 높은 상관관계를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of water quality upon the community of benthic macroinvertebrate in forested wetlands. The samples were collected from Milbat and Sinbul mountain wetland and forest stream. Milbat and Sinbul mountain wetland represents good ecosystems, and general forest stream was selected to function as a control area. EPT index was used for community of benthic macroinvertebrates. For the water quality index, three factor, namely DO, EC and pH were selected. A total of 80, 52 and 36 of species identified in Milbat wetland, Sinbul mountain wetland, and general forest stream belong to 44, 23 and 22 families, respectively. The result suggests that the Milbat forest wetland and general forest stream retained relatively well preserved ecosystem, which may provide good habitats for benthic macroinvertebrates. Variation in the value of water quality factors(DO and pH) was higher in the general forest stream than in the Milbat and Sinbul mountain wetlands, expect for EC. In a correlation analysis between EPT value and water quality factors, EC value showed a higher correlation than DO and pH values.

산지습지의 친환경복원이 저서성 대형무척추동물 분포에 미치는 영향

정유경 ( Jung Yu-gyeong ),이헌호 ( Lee Heon-ho ),강원석 ( Kang Won-seok ),박기형 ( Park Ki-hyung ),권세명 ( Kwon Se-myung ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2021 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.24 No.3

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of eco-friendly restoration in forested bog on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 1,071 individuals, 60 species, 40 families, 13 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. At the control and Site 3(small dam), the number of species and individuals were larger than that of other sites, and EPT group ratio was same as well. Considered by index, the dominance index (DI) was found the highest at the biotope area. The diversity index (H’) and richness index (RI) were the highest at the control and Site 3. In addition, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest at site 3, while the lowest at biotope area. The stability and recovery of benthic macrointebrates showed different according to restoration types at forested bog. After restoration project, the benthic macroinvertebrates were observed to get recovery at Site 3, and to have the highest communities stability at control and Site 3. At biotope areas (Site 4, Site 5 and Site 6) communities stability were the lowest, but showed different community stability values according to the presence of water. It is confirmed that the eco-friendly restoration projects indeed provided the better environment for the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The change of community index depending on the restoration projects suggests that the eco-friendly restoration can provide a more suitable environment for benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystem that prefers the stream environment.

3분과 : 산지소유역의 토사유실량 예측을 위한 RUSLE와 MUSLE 모형의 적용성 평가

정유경 ( Yu Gyeong Jung ),이상원 ( Sang Won Lee ),이기환 ( Ki Hwan Lee ),박기영 ( Ki Young Park ),이헌호 ( Heon Ho Lee ) 한국임학회 2014 한국산림과학회지 Vol.103 No.1

본 연구는 산지소유역에서 예측한 토사유실량 모형과 실측한 토사유실량을 비교함으로써 예측모형의 적용성 여부를 검토하였다. 또한, 정량적인 토사량 산정을 위하여 72개의 조사지점별로 각각의 영향인자를 산정하여 토사유실량 모형의 정확도를 높이고자 하였다. 토사유실량 산정에 영향을 주는 인자로는 LS 인자가 영향성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. RUSLE, MUSLE 모형과 실측된 토사유실량의 총량을 비교한 결과, 두 모형은 실측치에 비하여다소 높은 값을 보였으며, RUSLE 모형이 실측치와 근사한 값을 나타내었다. 조사 지점별 값의 비교에서는 MUSLE값의 변동계수가 더 낮았으나, 값의 차이가 크지 않았다. 따라서 산지소유역에서의 RUSLE와 MUSLE 모형을 이용한 토사유실량의 예측은 적합한 것으로 보여진다. 또한, 산지소유역에서 토사유실량 예측 정도를 높이기 위해서는 강우사상에 대한 데이터 수집과 기존 토사유실 예측 모형에 사용되는 인자의 보완 및 개선에 대한 연구가 요구된다. This study aims to predict the amount of soil loss from Mt. Palgong`s small basin, by using influence factors derived from related models, including RUSLE and MUSLE models, and verify the validity of the model through a comparative analysis of the predicted values and measured values, and the results are as follows: The amount of soil loss were greatly affected by LS factor. In comparison with the measured value of the amount of total soil loss, the predicted values by the two models (RUSLE and MUSLE), appeared to be higher than those of the measured soil loss. Predicted values by RUSLE were closer to values of measured soil loss than those of MUSLE. However, coefficient of variation of MUSLE were lower, but two model`s coefficient of variation in similar partial patterns in the prediction of soil loss. RUSLE and MUSLE, prediction soil loss models, proved to be appropriate for use in small mountainous basin. To improve accuracy of prediction of soilloss models, more effort should be directed to collect more data on rainfall-runoff interaction and continuous studies to find more detailed influence factors to be used in soil loss model such as RUSLE and MUSLE.