Organizational Structure and Unethical Behaviors of Employees

전경주 한국산업경제학회 2019 산업경제연구 Vol.32 No.5

Knowing some of the characteristics and work conditions related to creating more ethical atmosphere is critical for organizations aiming to be socially responsible corporate citizen in the society today. To increase our understanding of work environment related to employees' unethical behaviors, this study looks at the effect of organizational structural characteristic and work practice style on employees' decision to behave unethically. Through regression data analysis, it was found that centralized decision-making structure had a significant effect on the likelihood of employees' unethical behaviors with directive communication style at work as a mediating relationship. Implications of the research are considered in the discussion and conclusions.

Theoretical Examination of the Pay-for-Performance Practice: Case of a Shipbuilding Company

전경주 한국항해항만학회 2013 한국항해항만학회지 Vol.37 No.5

Pay-for-performance plans are some of widely used human resource practices in many firms, including shipbuilding, for productivity and motivational improvement purposes. Such plans play an important role in industries that are highly labor-intensive, and where effective management of human resources is critical to business operations, such as the shipbuilding industry. Those practices can have large impact on employee performance and ultimately company competitiveness. Research studies that show how such incentive plans improve productivity and reported pattern of adoption by firms have spurred the use and adoption in many firms. However, there are also researchers who point out that there are negative consequences to using incentive plans. Therefore it is important for companies to carefully consider the practices they use. In this paper, I discuss research findings that support the practices and critical viewpoints related to pay-for-performance plans. Research findings from Korean literature are, then, discussed. The shipbuilding industry is chosen because proper human resource management is critical in reducing turnover and increasing employee satisfaction. Through a shipbuilding company case, problems related to using pay-for-performance incentive plans and how they affect work-related issues of employee morale, cooperation, and teamwork will be discussed. While positive aspects have been emphasized to drive greater adoption among firms, the resulting consequences of the pay plans need to be seriously considered and improvements upon the plans made by firms. Improvement suggestions are discussed in the conclusions and implications.

Social Influence on Ethical Behaviors in Organizations

전경주 한국산업경제학회 2019 산업경제연구 Vol.32 No.6

Social influence is inevitable in work situations. In situations dealing with ethical matters, it is of particular importance for organizations to understand and take action to manage potential occurrences of ethical problems. This paper examines the influence of those in the immediate job context of employees and how the manager's and coworkers' ethical behaviors influence an employee's decision to get involved in ethical or unethical conduct. Though research has shown the effect of the social influence of those around an employee, the strength of the social influence is far greater and stronger in a collectivist culture society. Theory of differential association is used to theoretically explain the relationships. In this study, using the data collected from employees in large companies in Busan and Kyungnam province, conducted regression analyses to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the supervisor had a positive effect on the employees but the coworkers did not have the same effect on the employees. From this we can conjecture that with regards to ethical matters, the supervisors have larger influence than one's coworkers, and, therefore, supervisor's ethical behaviors are more important. Empirical examination of the relationship of some of the factors influencing employee's decision to behave ethically or unethically provides understanding for companies in managing potential ethical risk areas. In conclusion, companies can use the results of this study to establish a clear ethics guideline for employees to follow and ethics training programs.

Results-focused Organizational Atmosphere and Unethical Behaviors

전경주 대한경영정보학회 2019 경영과 정보연구 Vol.38 No.3

With frequent incidents of unethical practices and acts in organizations, organizational leaders need to understand some of the causes that facilitate such negative organizational behaviors to lessen the chances of unethical behaviors from occurring. In an effort to understand some of the causes of unethical behavior, this study looks at competitive atmosphere and results-focused performance evaluation as some of the influencing factors on employees' tendency to decide to behave unethically. Competition culture can spur unethical behavior and evaluation culture with emphasis on results-focused which can create a perception among employees of a narrow view of work and how it is defined. The argument of this paper is that such characteristics can create environment for unethical behaviors and serve as an added push upon employees to choose to behave unethically. Collection of survey results from those working in Busan area were used to test the hypotheses using regression. Data analysis showed that in organizational atmosphere that is overly competitive and results-focused can influence employees to behave unethically. Implications and future research suggestions are discussed in conclusions.

Coworker Distrust and Employees’ Unethical Behaviors

전경주 한국산업경제학회 2019 산업경제연구 Vol.32 No.4

Unethical behaviors are not caused by a single factor, but various factors can give rise to such behaviors. In this study, the focus is on coworker distrust among employees as an influence on employee unethical behaviors with organizational communication culture as a mediating variable. Data collected from employees in large global companies in Korea were used to test the hypotheses. The regression results showed that the more there is coworker distrust among employees, the more likely it is for employees to behave unethically. Open communication culture in the organization plays a mediating role in the relationship. Therefore, the hypotheses were supported. Discussion of the results and implications are provided.

不屈의 敗北者 Santiago

全瓊珠 효성여자대학교 영문학회 1973 Muse Vol.3 No.-

Metaphor를 예시하는 Hemingway의 모든 작품중 The Old Man and the Sea의 주인공인 Santiago의 모험담만큼 일광성있게 그리고 꾸준히 도처에서 metaphor를 예증해 준 작품은 별로 없다. Philip Young 은 The Old Man and the Sea의 parable적인 특성을 크게 강조해서, Hemingwasy has gently but powerfully urged a metaphor which stands for what life can be. And it is an epic metaphor, a contest where even the problem of moral right and wrong seems paltry if noe irrelevant - as in ancient epics exactly - before the gread thing - that is this struggle. 이라 지적했다.

The Effect of Organization's Past Responses to Employees' Unethical Behaviors

전경주 한국산업경제학회 2020 산업경제연구 Vol.33 No.1

Employees learn about organizational culture and act in accordance with the culture. Based on the information they gather, employees decide as to how to resolve ethical dilemma situations. In this paper, the effect of organization's past response to ethical issues and problems on employees' decision to behave ethically or unethically is examined. It is also hypothesized that the presence of an ethics consultant will play a role in the relationship. The results found that employees' satisfaction with organization's past response and presence of an ethics consultant negatively influenced employees' tendency to behave unethically. The hypotheses were supported. Implications are discussed in the conclusions.

Pride and Prejudice의 Irony 硏究

全瓊珠 효성여자대학교 영문학회 1974 Muse Vol.4 No.-

Sir Walter Raleigh는 Austen의 소설을 ‘the novel of domestic satire'라고 규정하고 있는데, 그녀의 작품의 특징은 단순히 풍자나 humor에만 있는 것이 아니라 그녀 작품이 가진 참뜻은 그 surface meaning보다 ironic impliocation을 파악함으로서 밝혀 낼 수 있다. Yasmine Gooneratne는 Jane Austen에서 다음과 같이 말하고 있다. In any passage from her maturer work, whether narrative descriptive prose, or dialogue, the reader's mind is made to operate actively on at least two levels-first, the level of the obvious, where Jane Austen states what is, or seems to be, immediately apparent to everyone; and second, a level of unapplied criticism, even of denunciation, which uses the very same words to suggest that in properly and justly ordered world this very same 'accepted' state of affairs would not be tolerated or allowed to go unchallenged. Austen의 작품은 독자들의 마음을 두 단계로 작용시키고 있는데, 첫째 단계에서는 사회적으로 인정되고 있는 명백한 사실이 표면에 제시되고 있고, 둘째 단계에 와서는 그 사실에 대한 비판이 암시되고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 결론적으로 Jane Austen은 Walter Scott가 말한 것처럼 일상생활에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 잔잔한 사건과 애정, 인물을 그려내는 데 탁월한 재능을 가지고 있을 뿐만 아니고, 평범한 것 속에서 반어적으로 포함되고 있는 중대한 인생의 진리를 표현하는 탁월한 재능을 가지고 있었으며, F. R. Leavis가 the Great Tradition에서 말한 것처럼 그녀의 순수한 예술적 기교는 치열한 그녀의 인생문제에 대한 관심의 소산물이란 점에서도 ironic implication을 볼 수 있다. 또한 Somerst Maugham이 The Art of Fiction에서 지적한 것 같이 그녀의 작품에 생기를 주는 것은 그녀 자신이 가진 독특한 humor라고 하지만 Austen의 작품에 깊이와 의미를 주는 것은 그녀가 취급하는 주제와 표현 양식과 작품 구성과 인물 창조 속에 포함된 ironic implication이 있기 때문이라 볼 수 있다.

패혈증 모델에서 신장 손상 시 Rosiglitazone의 항염증 효과

전경주,전연권,김종현,장용범,장규윤,강명재,권근상,이식 대한신장학회 2005 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.24 No.4

군사위협의 신뢰성 평가 이론의 검토 -북한 위협 사례 분석을 중심으로-

전경주 한국정책개발학회 2020 정책개발연구 Vol.20 No.1

When assessing the credibility of a state’s military threat, there are two prominent theories: Past Actions theory and Current Calculus theory. The Past Actions theory posits that the credibility of a state’s current military threat rests on whether it kept or broke its declared commitments in the past. In contrast, according to the Current Calculus theory, past actions do not determine whether a state’s military threat is credible, but, rather, its power and interest to carry out the threat. This research revisits these two theories with the case of North Korea’s threat of all-out war in 2015 by looking at how the ROK government assessed the North’s threat credibility. The Current Calculus theory explains the examined case better than the Past Actions theory, but the case reveals those two theories’ disadvantages as well. This research concludes by suggesting additional points for the refinement of threat credibility theories and policy implications for the ROK government in assessing North Korea’s military threats. 군사적 위협의 신뢰성 평가와 관련하여 대표적인 두 가지 이론이 있다. 위협을 가하는 국가의 과거의 행적에 비추어 판단한다는 과거 행적 이론과, 해당 국가의 현재의 힘과 이해관계에 기반하여 판단한다는 현재 상황 이론이다. 본 논문은 두 이론들을 견주면서, 한국 정부가 북한 군사위협의 신뢰성을 어떻게 평가했는지를 설명하고자 한다. 본 논문은 2015년의 전면전 위협의 신뢰성을 평가할 때 2013년의 행적과 2015년 당시 상황 중 무엇이 한국 정부의 판단 근거였는지를 살펴봄으로써, 북한 사례에 있어서 현재 상황 이론이 더욱설득력을 가진다고 주장한다. 또한 북한 사례 분석을 통해 드러난 군사위협신뢰성 평가 이론들의 한계를 짚어보고, 동시에 도출할 수 있는 정책적 시사점을 제시한다.