국내 작업환경측정기관의 측정 및 분석장비 보유실태에 대한 고찰 (2)

장재길 ( Jae Kil Jang ) 한국산업보건학회 2014 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the current status of possession of measurement and analytical instruments at work environment monitoring organizations and their relationships with human resources, including the number of professional engineers and evaluation scores resulting from evaluation programs in 2012. Materials: Data for measurement and analytical instruments were gathered by inspectors who had been assigned by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) and the Ministry of Employment and Labor(MoEL) during the evaluation program for 2012. Data for 11 monitoring instruments and nice pieces of analytical equipment were collected from 103 organizations. Additional data such as the type of service provides and the number of professional engineers employed were also recorded by the inspectors. Evaluation scores could be acquired from KOSHA. Results: Comprehensive Occupational Health Service Providers showed good operation quality, while University or Hospital Subsidiary and Work Environment Monitoring Organizations recorded relatively poor results. Evaluation scores correlated well with the possession of measurement instruments and human resources for each organization. High yields provided by professional engineers also showed statistically-associated contributions to evaluation scores and monitoring instrument possession. Compared with monitoring instruments, the amount of analytical equipment had little positive impact on organizations`` competence. Conclusions: The evaluation results for domestic monitoring organizations revealed that human resources, possession of instruments, and the quality of employees were critical factors for operating the corporations. Each organization should give considerable effort to improving their ability to strengtheninternal quality, resulting in high-yield production for workers and employers by providing improved workplace monitoring services.

폴리우레탄 패드 공정에서의 원료물질 대체에 따른 근로자 노출저감 사례

장재길 ( Jae Kil Jang ),박현희 ( ?hyun Hee Park ) 한국산업보건학회 2014 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives: The aim of this case study is to verify the chemical exposure reductions for various chemicals by substituting the ingredients of raw materials in a polyurethane(PU) foaming industry. The PU foaming process was making various passenger car seats from chemicals such as toluene diisocinate(TDI), methylene bisphenyl isocyanate(MDI) and polyols. Methods: Basic process data and workers`` health effects could be gathered by interviewing managers and reviewing previous exposure monitoring data. Amine, aldehyde and isocyanate chemicals were analyzed following the NIOSH-NMAM. Area sampling methods rather than personal sampling were introduced for this field investigation. Results: Two amines, triethylene diamine(TEDA) and N,N,N``,N``-Tetramethyl-1,6- hexanediamine(TMHDA) were identified in raw polyol, cured PU foam and air. The average concentrations of TEDA and TMHDA showd less than 1 ppm by area sampling; however, that caused halovision among workers in PU-PAD process. Aldehydes and isocyanates were detected in the air while the concentrations were relatively low compare to occupational exposure limits. Successful raw material substitution from nonreactive amine to reactive amine could reduces air-borne amine and aldehyde levels by about 70%. Halovision had been disappeared successfully in the process. Conclusions: Several amines caused halovision among workers in PU-PAD process, especially during summer season in spite of relatively low levels. Combination of reactive amines into urethane foam could reduced vapor generation into air, which resulted in the elimination of eye troubles in the process.

자동차검사 공정 근로자의 소음노출 특성

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),김종규(Jong-Kyu Kim) 한국소음진동공학회 2014 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.24 No.11

Workers engaged in car inspection works have been exposed to many occupational hazards including noise, particulate matter, and volatile organic substances. Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL) is one of the leading health hazards among Korean workers. The aim of this study is to evaluate the noise levels in several car inspection shops by introducing the evaluation methods of KMOEL/OSHA and ACGIH. Six sites in central area of Korea were selected to monitor the noise levels of workers by personal and area sampling methods for two consecutive days in spring, summer, fall and winter seasons. Dosimeters have been used for this noise monitoring program. Obtained noise levels by the evaluation method according to KMOEL/OSHA are the range of 50.2~88.2 dB(A), these are lower than KOEL/OSHA standards level of 90 dB(A). But highest noise by ACGIHs evaluation methodology is recorded 92.3 dB(A) and is greater than NIHL standard level of 85 dB(A). So that many workers may be exposed to the dangerous noise environment. The higher the car inspection loads daily, the higher the noise levels in the sites. Seasonal fluctuation of noise levels at the process might give monitoring results with high variations. Area noise levels showed higher than those of personal sampling, which illustrate some high noise spots in the car inspection areas.

건설장비에 의한 터널작업의 소음환경 실태

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),김갑배(Kab Bae Kim) 한국소음진동공학회 2013 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.23 No.9

Workers engaged in construction works have been exposed to high levels of noise during their work in tunnels. Noise is one of the major health hazards for employees working in construction sites. The aim of this study is to evaluate the noise levels generating from tunneling equipments such as jumbo drills, backhoes, payloaders, shotcrete machines and service cars. Explosion and turbo fan noises were also monitored. A high precision sound level meter was introduced for measuring LAeq, LAFmax, LAFmin and LCpeak noises in 5 tunneling work sites that were located in Seoul, Kyunggi-do and Kangwon-do areas with NATM and shield methods. The highest noise was recorded by explosion(151.9 dB LCpeak) followed by jumbo drills of higher than 110 dB(A) LAeq. Backhoe normally generated 90~110 dB(A) LAeq while breaking work of rock showed additional around 5~15 dB(A). Noise exposure levels for payloader and shotcrete machine scored more than 90 dB(A) which might be a source of noise-induced hearing loss. Additional research in revealing noise levels from construction equipments operating in tunneling works may enhance the protection of workers who exposed to noise primarily at the sites.

태양광 산업 산업보건 유해인자의 특성

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),박현희(Hyunhee Park) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.11

The numbers and investment of renewable energy industries have been expanding rapidly during past several years by more than 20%. The industries utilizes mainly solar energy, wind energy and biomass for the green jobs. Especially, hazards in solar energy industries include, but not restricted to, silicon, silane compounds, acid and base mists, boron and phosphorous chemicals, metals such as silver, tin, lead, and aluminum. Noise, organic solvents, metal fumes and urethane could be other types of possible exposure agents. The aims of this study is to characterize the workers" possible exposure to hazardous substances in each processes of renewable energy industries and to summarize their physical, chemical and occupational exposure levels in the industries.

결정질 실리콘 기반 태양광산업에서의 근로자노출 가능 유해인자

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),박현희(Hyun hee Park) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 논문집 Vol.33 No.5

Renewable energy industries, including sola cell plants, has been ever increasing ones for reducing fossil fuel consumption and strengthening national energy policy. In this paper we tried to identify occupational health hazards in solar cell-related industries operated in Korea. Poly silicon, silicon ingot and wafer, solar cell and module are major processes for producing solar cells. Poly silicon operations may cause hazards to workers from metal silicon, silanes, silicon, hydro fluoric acid and nitric acid. Solar cells could not be constructed without using metals such as aluminum and silver, acids such as hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, bases such has sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and solvent and phosphorus chloride oxide. Workers in module assembly process may exposed to isopropanol, flux, solders that contain lead, tin and/or copper. To prevent occupational exposure to these hazards, it is essential to identify the hazards in each process and educate workers in industries with proper engineering and administrative control measures.

자동차검사 공정 근로자의 소음노출 실태

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),박해동(Hae Dong Park) 한국소음진동공학회 2014 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2014 No.4

국내 작업환경측정기관의 측정 및 분석장비 보유실태에 대한 고찰(1)

장재길 ( Jae Kil Jang ) 한국산업위생학회 2013 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Objectives: The aim of this study is to analyze the current status of the possession of measurement and analytical instruments among work environment monitoring organizations that have been designated by the Ministry of Employment and Labor(MoEL) in Korea. Methods: Data for measurement and analytical instruments were gathered by inspectors who had been assigned by the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(KOSHA) and MoEL during the evaluation program for designated work environment monitoring service providers in 2012. Data for 11 monitoring instruments and nine analytical instruments were collected from 108 organizations. Basic data such as the type of service provides and the size of employment were also recorded by the inspector. Results: The total number of personal air samplers including high and low flow rates operated in Korea was 5,418, with average of 50.2. Average operation number of noise dosimeters was 35.0, while 3,780 dosimeters were used in 108 work environment monitoring organizations. There were 10,488 monitoring instruments in total. All service providers possessed at least one AAS and GC in their analytical laboratory. Total number of HPLC/MS was five, followed by ICP/MS of seven, with an average of 0.07. Conclusions: Based on the data, domestic work environment monitoring service providers possessed relatively reasonable measurement and analytical instruments. Nearly all instruments had been imported from advanced countries such as USA, UK and Japan. Periodic gathering of data on these instruments may help maintain good workplace monitoring results and the health of workers at the sites.

태양광산업에서의 근로자노출 가능 유해인자

장재길(Jae-Kil Jang),박현희(Hyunhee Park) 한국태양에너지학회 2013 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.4

Renewable energy has been ever increasing industries in this century for reducing fossil fuel consumption and strengthening self-sustained national energy policy in the world. Solar cell industries are key industrial sectors in renewable energy. Recent occupational health episodes in semi-conductors make people concern about health problems in hi-tech industries; however, little information could be accessible for worker. In this paper we tried to identify occupational health hazards in solar cell-related industries operated domestically in Korea. Poly silicon, silicon ingot and wafer, solar cell and module are major processes for producing solar cells. Poly silicon operations may cause hazards to workers from metal silicon, silanes, silicon, hydro fluoric acid, nitric acid. Silicon may cause occupational risks in silicon wafer and ingot industries. Solar cells could not be constructed without using metals such as aluminum and silver, acids such as hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, bases such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, and solvent and phosphorus chloride oxide . Workers in module assembly process may exposed to isoprophanol, flux, solders that contain lead, tin and/or copper. To prevent occupational exposure to these hazards, it is essential to identify the hazards in each process and educate workers in industries with proper engineering and administrative control measures. Only centering on the materials production could not be justified for the human life without preventing occupational diseases from the hazards in domestic solar cell-related industries.

LED 광원의 선박 적용 및 실증

장운용(Un-Yong Jang),김선재(Sun-Jae Kim),정광석(Kwang-Seok Jung),차현규(Hyeon-Kyu Cha),길경석(Gyung-Suk Kil),류길수(Keel-Soo Rhyu) 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2010 한국마린엔지니어링학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.4

This paper described the application and the field test of Light emitting diode (LED) lamp to shipboard. LED is a good light source especially for shipboard lighting because of its compact structure which makes water a kind explosion proof, anti-vibration. Also, LED has many advantages such as high efficiency, low power consumption, fast response, environment-friendly, and longer lifetime in comparison with the conventional lamps. In this study, a 40 [W] LED light panel which replace a 20 [W]~40 [W] fluorescent lamp (FL), and a 8.5 [W] LED lamp which replace a 20 [W] fluorescent and a 60 [W] incandescent lamp (IL) were installed in rooms of a ship. The installation effect showed an energy saving of 56 [%]~86 [%] and an illumination increase of 150 [%]~290 [%] compared with the existing light.