대학 교양으로서 일반생물학 수업에서 ‘기후 변화’ 교육

박돈하(Don Ha Park),장수철(Soo Chul Chang) 목원대학교 교양교육혁신연구센터 2024 지식과 교양 Vol.- No.14

기후변화는 인류 모두가 풀어야 할 급하고도 중요한 과제이다. 그래서 대학 교육, 특히 교양교육에서 기후변화 교육을 수행해야 함은 이론의 여지 없이 너무도 당연하다. 본 연구는 생물학에서 가능한 ‘기후변화’ 교육을 모색하였다. 이를 위해 교양교육 과정의 일반생물학 교과 내용을 분석하였고 수도권과 지방의 국공립과 사립 대학이 개설한 교양생물학 교과 주제를 조사, 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 지구 기후 이해를 위한 원리와 개념을 제공하는 생태학 교육은 매우 중요하므로 교양 교과로서 일반생물학 수업은 원칙적으로 반드시 교과 과정에 생태학 단원을 포함하여야 한다는 결론에 이르렀다. 그런데 대학들의 교과 주제를 분석한 결과, 대부분 대학은 일반생물학 교과목에 이 단원을 포함하지 않았다. 이에 대한 대책으로, 생태학 단원 전체를 한 학기 또는 두 학기 교과 과정에 포함하지 못하더라도 기후변화에 관련된 5~6 주제를 다른 단원에 연결하여 수업을 진행할 수 있을 것이다. 또는 몇몇 대학처럼 생태학 교과목을 따로 개설할 필요가 있다. 또는 기후변화를 포함하는 다른 과학 교과목을 개설할 수도 있다. 다만, 이 경우 학생들의 교과목 수강 지도가 필요한데, 수강 지도를 담당하는 교원을 위한 기후변화 교육이 필요한 점은 과제로 남게 된다. 더불어 생물학뿐만이 아닌 자연과학과 인문사회과학을 포함한 여러 교양교육 교과들이 이러한 시도를 함으로써 기후변화라는 과제를 푸는 데에 도움을 제공하여야 한다. 더불어 교양기초교육원에서 제정한 ‘교양기초교육의 목적’에 기후변화에 관한 내용을 추가할 것을 제안한다. Climate change is an urgent and important problem that all humanity must solve. Therefore, it is indisputable that climate change education should be provided in universities, especially as part of liberal education. This study explored possible climate change education in biology. For this purpose, we analyzed the contents of the general biology curriculum in the general education curriculum and investigated and analyzed the topics of the general biology curriculum offered by public and private universities in the metropolitan area and local regions. As a result we came to the conclusion that general biology classes as a liberal arts subject must, in principle, include an ecology unit in the curriculum. However, most universities in Korea do not include this unit in their general biology curriculum. As a countermeasure, even if the entire ecology unit cannot be included in the curriculum for one or two semesters, the class can connect five to six topics related to climate change to other units. Otherwise, like some universities, there is a need to open a separate ecology course. Alternatively, other science courses that include climate change could be offered. In this case, though, guidance is needed for students to take the courses, and the need for climate change education for teachers in charge of course guidance remains an issue. In addition, various other liberal arts education subjects, including not only biology but also natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences, should also make such attempts to help solve the problem of climate change. Moreover, we propose adding content on climate change to the ‘Purpose of Liberal Education’ statement established by the Korea National Institute for General Education.

토마토 dgt 돌연변이체의 엽병 상편생장에서 (上便生長) 에틸렌에 의한 옥신 감수성의 변화

장수철(Soo Chul Chang),이명숙(Myung Sook Lee),이상만(Sang Man Lee),김진석(Jin Seok Kim),강빈구(Bin G . Kang) 한국식물학회 1994 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.37 No.3

The tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) mutant diageotropica (dgt) lacking normal gravitropic response is known to be less sensitive to auxin compared with its isogenic parent VFN8. Straight growth as well as ethylene production in response to added auxin in hypocotyl segments of dgt was negligible. However, there was no significant difference between the two genotypes in auxin transport in petiole segments and its inhibition by the phytotropin N-1-naphthylphthalamic acid(NPA). Kinetic parameters of NPA binding to microsomal membranes were also non-distinguishable btween the two. Its petiolar explants treated with ethylene developed epinastic curvature with the magnituds of response increased about 3 folds over non-mutant wild type. Ethylene-induced epinasty in both dgt and VFN8 was nullified by treatment of explants with the ethylene antagonist 2,5-norbonadiene. Lateral transport of ^3H-IAA toward the upper side of ethylene-treated petioles in dgt, however, was not significantly more pronounced than in VFN8, the implications being that auxin sensitivity in the mutant was restored, or even rised above the wild type, by ethylene.

개구리자리 엽병생장에 미치는 Spermine 의 억제 키네틱스 분석

장수철(Soo Chul Chang),윤인선(In Sun Yoon),오승은(Seung Eun Oh),이순희(Sun Hi Lee),강빈구(Bin G . Kang) 한국식물학회 1994 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.37 No.4

Possible roles of polyamines in the inhibition of cell elongation in Ranunculus petioles were investigated. Exogenously applied polyamines greatly inhibited the auxin-induced petiole growth, while treatment of the tissue with α-difluoromethylarginine, the inhibitor of putrescine biosynthesis, further enhanced the growth in the presence of IAA. Inhibitory effect of spermine can also be apparent for fusicoccin-induced elongation, but not for growth induced by a low pH. Spermine also suppressed the ethylene-enhanced growth in the presence of auxin. Using computer-based video digitizer system, the inhibitory effects of spermine on petiole growth were kinetically analyzed. Auxin-induced growth was characterized by an initial and transient growth with a highly elevated rate followed by a steady growth with a slightly reduced rate. Spermine treatment was found to shorten the duration of the initial phase of growth, and to reduce the rates of both the initial and steady growth as well. The latent period for auxin induction was not affected by spermine.

한국에서 ‘교양으로서의 과학교육’에 관한 연구와 통합과학 저서 돌아보기

조현모(Cho, Hyeon Mo),장수철(Chang, Soo Chul) 다빈치미래교양연구소 2021 교양학연구 Vol.- No.17

우리나라 대학에서 교양으로서 과학교육의 상황을 파악하기 위한 유용한 방법으로 과학교육에 관한 연구논문과 통합과학을 겨냥하여 출판된 저서인 『과학산책, 자연과학의 변주곡』를 살펴보았다. 대학 교양교육의 일환으로 수행되는 과학교육에 관하여 이루어진 다양한 연구를 살펴보기 위하여 『교양교육연구』에 게재된 논문을 중점적으로 분석하였다. 2007년부터 2020년까지의 논문에 대한 분석 결과, 매우 적은 수의 과학교육 관련 연구논문이(60편/총 1,030편) 출판되었고 과학적 능력 배양과 직접적인 관련성을 나타낸 연구는 더욱 적었다. 따라서 과학기술시대의 인재양성을 위해서 과학적 능력 배양을 위한 더 많은 연구가 수행되어야 할 것이라 판단된다. 『과학산책, 자연과학의 변주곡』은 통합과학 교육을 위해 저술되었다는 점에서 의미가 크다. 이 책은 과학적 사고 배양을 위해 노력한 결과이고, 서술적 스토리텔링 방식으로 기술하여, 학생들이 기초과학 분과 간의 연계성을 파악하는 데에 도움을 주고 있다. 이러한 성과에 더해, 측정값(유효숫자)의 이해를 비롯한 몇몇 주제, 통합적 사고 배양을 위한 구체적인 예, 실험 계획 수립의 예 등이 추가된다면, 더 발전된 저서가 될 것이라 예상된다. In order to figure out the situation of science education as general (and/or liberal) education at university in Korea, we examined research articles on science education and a book published targeting integrated science, 『Strolling with Science, A Cannon of Natural Sciences』. The papers published in 『Korean Journal of General Education』, a major Korean Journal of general (and/or liberal) education, were intensively analyzed. Based on the analysis of the articles published from 2007 to 2020, what we found is that the number of articles on science education was very small (60 articles/1,030 articles in total) and further the number of articles that cover directly cultivation of scientific literacy was even fewer. In the age of science and technology, these results demonstrate serious need of action for more and diverse research on science education. The publication of 『Strolling with Science, A Cannon of Natural Sciences』 is meaningful, since it is designed for integrated science education. This book is a result of endeavor for cultivation of students" scientific literacy and is written in narrative storytelling in style, helping students to understand the connection among various fields of basic science. In addition, it is expected that the book will become more meaningful if some topics including the understanding of measured values (significant figures), well-organized examples for cultivation integrative thinking, and specific examples of experimental planning are added.

고등학교 과학 심화선택과목 이수여부와 대학 과학 교과목의 학업성취도

이보경 ( Bo Kyoung Lee ),장수철 ( Soo Chul Chang ) 한국교육과정학회 2008 교육과정연구 Vol.26 No.2

After the 7th national curricular reforming, the 11th and 12th grade curriculums are principally consist of electives. As a result, students can selectively take several courses of sciences including physics Ⅰ, Ⅱ, chemistry Ⅰ, Ⅱ, biology Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and earth science Ⅰ, Ⅱ based on their interests and career plans. It is expected that college freshmen have diverse educational backgrounds for math and basic sciences. The contents of the general physics, general chemistry and general biology of many colleges are very similar to those of the high school physics Ⅱ, chemistry Ⅱ, and biology Ⅱ, respectively. Therefore, students achievements for college sciences are expected to be determined whether they completed the corresponding electives in highschool or not. A student survey showed that about 90% of the students who did not learn high school physics Ⅱ and chemistry Ⅱ feel difficulties in studying general physics and general chemistry for their freshman year, respectively. The grades of general physics and general chemistry for students who learned corresponding electives in high school showed statistically significant differences from those for the students who did not learned. Taken together these results support the idea that preparatory classes for general physics, and general chemistry are needed for the under-prepared students.

대학교양교육에서 자연과학의 자리매김에 대한 소고

이보경 ( Bo Kyoung Lee ),장수철 ( Soo Chul Chang ),이재성 ( Jae Seong Lee ) 한국교육과정학회 2009 교육과정연구 Vol.27 No.2

This study was undertaken to shed lights on improvement of education of basic science for undergraduate students majoring humanities and social sciences. We investigated 1) what did those students of Yonsei University want from, 2) how deep and many did they appreciate, and 3) how much were they satisfied with basic science-related classes offered. Also, we observed what was going on in real in Korean secondary(high school) education of math and basic sciences, compared our students` scientific literacy with those of other countries and examined how basic science-related courses were operated as general education courses. Results of our survey indicate that the students are in need of more basic science- related courses and they are not contented with related current courses. The reasons why for this seem to be that the courses are not offering well-adjusted level and various contents. In contrary, for example, aims of science-related courses are clearly indicated, and various kinds of courses are offered and operated at many universities in US. After science courses of high school were switched to be selective in our country, graduates` scientific literacy was lowered evidently. An international report (PISA) supports this notion in comparison with those of other OECD countries. Based on these facts, several suggestions for elevating level of scientific literacy are described.

<교양 언어학> 수업을 위한 융복합 주제 연구 : ‘인간의 언어능력 진화’를 중심으로

이재성, 장수철 배재대학교 주시경교양교육연구소 2024 대학교양교육연구 Vol.9 No.1

본 연구는 교양교육과정의 자유학예 영역에 속하는 기초학문 교과목을 대상으로 대학의 융복합 교육이 가능할 수 있음을 보이기 위해, 자유학예 영역의 인문학 기초학문 교과목인 <언어학>에 자연과학 분야에서 확립된 ‘인간의 언어능력 진화’라는 주제를 접목한 융복합 수업 주제 콘텐츠를 살펴보는 데 목적이 있다. 본 연구에서는 해당 수업에서 운영 가능한 융복합 교육 콘텐츠로, 1) 언어소통 능력은 인간만의 전유물인가? 2) 언어능력은 타고나는 것인가? 3) 인간의 언어능력은 계속 작동하는가? 4) 언어는 자연선택 또는 문화선택이 되었는가? 5) 언어는 언제 출현하였는가?의 5가지 주제 콘텐츠를 제시하였다. 이들 콘텐츠는 <언어학>과 <일반생물학>, <진화학> 등의 수업 내용을 기반으로 개발되었다. 본 연구가 시사하는 주요 내용을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 대학의 융복합 교육은 교양 교육과정에서 어렵지 않게 운영할 수 있다. 둘째, 교양 교육과정에서 융복합 교육을 운영하기 위해서는 대학 교양교육 과정이 기초학문 중심으로 편성되어야 한다. 셋째, 기초학문 기반 융복합 교과목 개발은 대학의 교양교육 과정을 체계화할 수 있으며, 더 나아가 교양 교육의 정상화 하는 데 도움을 제공할 수 있을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to examine the possibility of designing a convergence course composed of several basic subjects in the liberal arts curriculum. To this end, this study assumes the development of a convergence course that combines the theme of ‘evolution of human language ability’ established in the field of biological science with <Introduction to Linguistics>, a basic course in the humanities, and develops convergence educational content that can be operated in this course. Five contents were presented here: 1) Is the ability to communicate verbally exclusive to humans? 2) Is language ability innate? 3) Does human language ability continue to function? 4) Was language a result of natural or cultural selection? 5) When did language emerge?