V+대동여지도_(주)바이오리듬 - 김치유산균의 세계화를 향한 큰 걸음

이현구,Lee, Hyeon-Gu 벤처기업협회 2009 벤처다이제스트 Vol.135 No.-

2000년부터 김치유산균의 효능을 담은 건강식품 개발에 매진해온 (주)바이오리듬(대표 정용현, www.biorhythm.kr)이 지난해 10월 벤처법인을 설립하여 새로운 출발을 알렸다. 요구르트유산균이 잠식하고 있는 유산균제조시장에 '순식물성 유산균'이라는 차별화 전략으로 도전장을 내만 (주)바이오리듬. 김치유산균의 상품화를 통해 우리의 전통음식 '김치'의 뛰어난 가치를 전 세계에 알리는 첨병역할을 하고 있다.

의성분지(義城盆地)에 분포(分布)하는 백악기(白堊紀) 경상누층군(慶尙累層群)의 셰일에 관(關)한 암석지구화학(岩石地球化學)

이현구,이찬희,김상중,Lee, Hyun Koo,Lee, Chan Hee,Kim, Sang Jung 대한자원환경지질학회 1997 자원환경지질 Vol.30 No.1

The shales from the Euiseong area are interbedded along the bedding in Cretaceous Gyeongsang Supergroup, which are composed mainly of quartz, plagioclase, K-feldspar and associated with trace amount of biotite, muscovite, chlorite, pyrite, hematite, carbonate and clay minerals. The ratio of $Al_2O_3/Na_2O$ and $K_2O/Na_2O$ in shales from the Shindong Group are ranged from 9.16 to 24.32 and from 1.70 to 5.97, and the Hayang Group ranged from 2.76 to 8.89 and from 0.42 to 2.74, which are negative correlated between $K_2O/Na_2O$ and $Al_2O_3/Na_2O$ against $SiO_2/Al_2O_3$ respectively. Those are suggested that controlled of mineral compositions in shales due to substitution and migration of elements by sedimentation and diagenesis. These shale formation were deposited in basin of terrestrial environments originated from the igneous rocks, and the REE of these rocks are not influenced with diagenesis and hydrothermal alterations on the basis of $Al_2O_3$ versus La, La against Ce, Zr versus Yb, the ratios of La/Ce (0.43 to 0.62) and Th/U (1.11 to 10.71). The narrow range in trace and REE element characteristics as Co/Th (0.63 to 1.92), La/Sc (1.98 to 5.90), Sc/Th (0.58 to 1.30), V/Ni (0.90 to 3.25), Cr/V (0.45 to 1.78), Ni/Co (1.88 to 6.67) and Zr/Hf (30.04~60.87) of these shales argues for inefficient mixing of the simple source lithologies during sedimentation. These rocks also show much variation in $La_N/Yb_N$ (6.90 to 17.02), Th/Yb (4.17 to 13.68) and La/Th (1.98 to 5.90), and their origin is explained by derivation from a mixture of intermediate to acidic igneous rocks.

가상증강현실용 OLEDoS 기술 현황

이현구,Lee, Hyeon-Gu 한국정보디스플레이학회 2017 인포메이션 디스플레이 Vol.18 No.5

월유광산산(月留鑛山産) 금(金)-은(銀)광물(鑛物)과 광상(鑛床)의 생성환경(生成環境)

이현구,유봉철,정광영,김기현,Lee, Hyun Koo,Yoo, Bong-Cheal,Jeong, Kwang Young,Kim, Kee Hyun 대한자원환경지질학회 1994 자원환경지질 Vol.27 No.6

The Weolyu gold-silver deposits at Hwanggan, Chungcheongbukdo, is of a late Cretaceous $(74.24{\pm}1.63Ma)$ epithermal vein-type, and is hosted in the quartz porphyry of late Cretaceous age. Based on mineral paragenetic sequence interpreted from vein structure and mineral assemblages, three stages mineralization were distinguished. A variety of ore minerals occurs including pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena with small amount of electrum, native silver, argentite, pearceite, sb-pearceite, argyrotite. The gangue minerals are quartz, rutile, calcite, apatite, fluorite and rhodochrocite. Wall-rock alteration such as pyritization, chloritization, sericitization, silicification is observed near the quartz veins. Au-Ag minerals were crystallized at middle and late stage of the two mineralization sequences. Results from the analysis of fluid inclusion and thermodynamic calculation indicate that Au-Ag mineral deposits were formed primarily by cooling and dilution of hydrothermal fluids($165{\sim}313^{\circ}C$, 0.4~2.4wt.% equivalent NaCl) with some degree mixing of meteoric water.

남성(南星) 금광산산(金鑛山産) 에렉트럼의 산상(産狀)

이현구,김상중,최선규,Lee, Hyun Koo,Kim, Sang Jung,Choi, Seon Gyu 대한자원환경지질학회 1987 자원환경지질 Vol.20 No.4

This paper describes the mode of occurrence and mineralogical properties of electrum from the Namseong Gold-Silver deposits, for the purpose of obtaining data on the characteristics of the ore deposits and the behavior of gold and silver during the mineralization. The gangue minerals are quartz, calcite, fluorite. Ore minerals are mainly composed of pyrite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite and galena with minor amount of argentite, electrum, pyrargyrite, native silver and unidenfied mineral(Cu-Fe-Ag-S series). Three stage of mineralization recognized are, from early to later, (I) pyrite-electrum stage (II) sphalerite-chalcopyrite-galena-argentite-electrum stage (III) sulfosalts stage. The filling temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz ranges from $225^{\circ}$ to $335^{\circ}C$. The value of sulfur fugacity estimated by means of electrum-tarnish method ranges from $10^{-11.5}$ to $10^{-14}$ atm. The compositional heterogeneity within a single grain with respect to gold concentration is common in the Namseong electrums Chemical composition of electrum ranges generally between 25~45 atom% Au. Its gold content decreases in late stages of mineralization.

System on Display Panel

이현구,유재희,Lee, Hyeon-Gu,Yu, Jae-Hui 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004 인포메이션 디스플레이 Vol.5 No.1

디스플레이 시스템의 경량화, 저전력화, 박형, 저가격화를 가능하게 하는 System On Panel에 대한 중요성 및 관심이 모바일 디스플레이 환경을 중심으로 증가하고 있다. 디스플레이 패널에 내장할 수 있는 프로세서 및 다양한 모듈의 향후 전망을 위하여 집적측면의 Poly-Si TFT 공정 이슈 및 현재 프로세서집적 연구동향, 기존의 디스플레이 관련 프로세서의 아키텍쳐에 대한 소개 및 현재 System On Panel의 상황을 분석하여, 향후 System On Panel을 위한 디스플레이 시스템의 구현 방안 및 다양한 개발 방향을 소개한다.

한국(韓國) 일부(一部) 금(金)·은(銀) 광상(鑛床)에서 산출(産出)되는 금(金)·은(銀) 광물(鑛物)과 광상(鑛床)의 생성조건(生成條件)(I) -청주(淸州) 금(金)·은(銀) 광산(鑛山)-

이현구,최진우,Lee, Hyun Koo,Choi, Jin Woo 대한자원환경지질학회 1988 자원환경지질 Vol.21 No.3

The Cheongju gold-silver mine is located at approximately $36^{\circ}28^{\prime}$north latitude and $127^{\circ}31^{\prime}$ east longitude in the Cheongju City of the Chung cheong bug Do, South Korea. Gold-Silver bearing hydrothermal quartz veins, occur in Cheongju Granit of Jurassic age. K-Ar isotope data for sericite in quartz vein indicate that the Au-Ag mineralization took place in early Cretaceous ($97.5{\pm}2.18$ MA. Park, et ai, 1986). Three stage of mineralization recognized anre, from early to later, (I) Sulide stage: pyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrrhotite (Hpo), sphalerite, chalcopyrite, electrum and quartz (II) Electrum stage: pyrite, sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, electrum and quartz. (III) Silver mineral stage: pyrite, marcasite, pyrrhotite (Mpo), sphalerite, galena, electrum, native silver argentite, fluorite, calcite and quartz. In this paper, mode of occurrences and chemical compositions of electum and native silver have been investigated by means of microscope and EPMA. Electron probe microanalysis shows that an individual grain of electrum is almost homogeneous in composition. Silver content of electrum ranges from 44.7-67.1 atom.%. Gold content of native silver ranges below 0.2 atom. %. Vicker's hardness number (VHN) of electrum and native silver ranges $78.2-81.8kg/mm^{2}$ respectively. The filling temperature of fluid inclusions in quartz ranges from $130-280^{\circ}C$. On the basis of arsenpyrite geothemometer, the equilibrium temperature and sulfur fugacity of the pyrite-arsenopyrite-pyrrhotite(Hpo) assemblage is assumed to be in ange from $300-310^{\circ}C$ and $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-11}$ atm. The estimated ore reserviors on Cheongju mine area are calculated to 8000 T/M, averaing 8.6g/t Au, 27.8 g/t Ag, 1.25% Pb, l.65% Zn.

류천(柳川) 창연광상(蒼鉛鑛床) 광석광물(鑛石鑛物), 유체포유물(流體包有物) 및 안정동위원소(安定同位元素)

이현구,유봉철,김상중,Lee, Hyun Koo,Yoo, Bong-Cheal,Kim, Sang Jung 대한자원환경지질학회 1996 자원환경지질 Vol.29 No.2

The Yucheon Bi deposits at Cheongha, Gyeongsangbugdo, is of a middle Paleogene (49 Ma) vein type, and is hosted in sandstone and shale of Banyawal formation in Cretaceous age. Based on mineral paragenesis, vein structure and mineral assemblages, two minera1ization stages were distinguished. The stage I consists of quartz with small amount of chlorite, pyrite, epidote, hal1oysite, vermiculite, serpentine and rutile associated with sericitization. The stage II is characterized by Bi minera1ization such as bismuthinite, Bi-Cu-Pb-S mineral, tetradymite, native gold, pyrite, pyrrhotite, arsenopyrite, wolframite, rutile, hematite, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, galena with alteration of sericite, chlorite, K-feldspar, albite and epidote. Fluid inclusion data indicate that fluid temperature and NaCl equivalent wt.% salinity range from 431 to $150^{\circ}C$ and from 19.2 to 0.18wt.% in the stage II. Evidence of boiling during the base-metal minera1ization indicates pressures 241 to 260 bars. Sulfur fugacity($-log\;f_{S2}$) deduced by mineral assemblages and compositions ranges from 5.1 to 5.7atm in early stage, from > 8.4 atm in middle stage and from 13.5 to 19.3 atm in late stage. It suggests that complex histories of progressive coo1ing, dilution and boiling were occurred by the mixing of the fluids. The ${\delta}^{34}S$, ${\delta}^{18}O$ and ${\delta}D$ data range from 2.5 to 3.9%, -0.5 to -4.1% and -29.7 to -47%, respectively. It indicated that hydrothermal fluids may be magmatic origin with boiling and mixing of meteoric water increasing paragenetic time.

Structural Constraints on Gold-Silver-Bearing Quartz Mineralization in Strike-slip Fault System, Samkwang Mine, Korea

이현구,유봉철,홍동표,김경웅,Lee, Hyun Koo,Yoo, Bong-Cheal,Hong, Dong Pyo,Kim, Kyoung-Woong The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental G 1995 자원환경지질 Vol.28 No.6

삼광광산은 옥천대의 서부에 위치하는 백악기의 금-은 광상으로서 선캠브리아기의 화강편마암내에 배태되어 있다. 광산의 금과 은의 품위는 각각 8.4 g/t, 13.6 g/t으로서 가채 매장장은 335.000 MT으로 추정된다. 이 광상은 Au-Ag광물 이외에 유비철석, 방연석, 섬아연석, 황동석, 황철석, 자류철석을 함유하는 열수성 석영맥상광상이다. 광상을 이루는 맥들의 구조를 근거로 할 때 광화작용의 구조규제는 $N40^{\circ}-80^{\circ}E$ 주향과 $55^{\circ}SE$-수직의 경사를 보이는 본맥의 생성, EW주향과 $30^{\circ}-80^{\circ}S$의 경사를 보이는 상반맥의 발달 그리고 $N25^{\circ}-40^{\circ}W$ 주향과 $65^{\circ}-80^{\circ}SW$ 경사를 갖는 국성맥의 생성 등 3가지로 나눌 수 있다. 광상배태의 구조운동은 이 지역에 발달하는 주향이동단층의 최소응력축$({\sigma}_3)$과 관련이 있으며 광맥은 이때에 발생한 열극을 충진한 것으로서 다음과 같이 5단계로 해석된다. (1) NS계의 불연속면에 예각으로 작용한 주응력 $({\sigma}_1)$에 의한 주단층$(F_1)$의 생성, (2) 이와 동시에 발달한 인장파쇄대 $(T_1)$를 충진한 국성맥의 생성. (3) 단층의 계속적인 성장과 $T_1$의 경사가 커짐에 따른 $T_2$(대홍맥)의 계속적 발달, (4) ${\sigma}_1$이 우수향을 보일 때 발달하는 $T_3$(염기성 암맥)의 관입, (5) 역단층의 활동에 의한 국사봉액으로부터 상반액의 생성이 있었던 것으로 보인다. The Samkwang mine is Cretaceous gold-silver-bearing deposits located in the western part of the Ogcheon belt The ore deposits have been emplaced within granite gneiss of the Precambrian age. The Au-Ag deposits are hydrothermal-vein type, characterized by arsenic-, gold- and silver-bearing sulphides, in addition to the principal ore-forming sulphides arsenopyrite, galena, sphalerite, chalcopyrite, pyrite and pyrrhotite. Their proven reserves are 355,000 MT, and grades are 8.4 g Au/t and 13.6 g Ag/t. On the basis of their structural characters, the Au-Ag-bearing quartz veins are classified into three types of ore veins; (1) The Main vein shows $N40^{\circ}-80^{\circ}E$ strike and $55^{\circ}-90^{\circ}SE$ dip, (2) the Sangban vein shows E-W strike and $30^{\circ}-40^{\circ}S$ dip, and (3) the Gukseong vein has $N25^{\circ}-40^{\circ}W$strike and $65^{\circ}-80^{\circ}SW$ dip. The emplacements of the ore veins are closely related to the minimum stress axis $({\sigma}_3)$ during the strike-slip movement of the study area. The ore-bearing veins filled with extension fractures during strike-slip movements were sequentially emplaced as follows: I) When ${\sigma}_1$ operates obliquely to NE-series discontinous surface, the Main fault zone $(F_1)$ developes. 2) During the same time, extension fractures ($T_1$ Gukseong veins) take place. 3) When the fault progress continuously, the existing $T_1$, may be high angle and $T_2$ (Daehung vein) developes continuously. 4) When ${\sigma}_1$ changes to sinistral sense, $T_3$ (basic dyke) occurs. 5) When a reverse fault becomes active, the Sangban vein is branched from the Guksabong vein.

포항(浦項) 및 장기분지(盆地)에 대한 고지자기(古地磁氣), 층서(層序) 및 구조연구(構造硏究); 화산암류(火山岩類)의 K-Ar 연대(年代)

이현구,문희수,민경덕,김인수,윤혜수,이타야 테츠마루,Lee, Hyun Koo,Moon, Hi-Soo,Min, Kyung Duck,Kim, In-Soo,Yun, Hyesu,Itaya, Tetsumaru 대한자원환경지질학회 1992 자원환경지질 Vol.25 No.3

The Tertiary basins in Korea have widely been studied by numerous researchers producing individual results in sedimentology, paleontology, stratigraphy, volcanic petrology and structural geology, but interdisciplinary studies, inter-basin analysis and basin-forming process have not been carried out yet. Major work of this study is to elucidate evidences obtained from different parts of a basin as well as different Tertiary basins (Pohang, Changgi, Eoil, Haseo and Ulsan basins) in order to build up the correlation between the basins, and an overall picture of the basin architecture and evolution in Korea. According to the paleontologic evidences the geologic age of the Pohang marine basin is dated to be late Lower Miocence to Middle Miocene, whereas other non-marine basins are older as being either Early Miocene or Oligocene(Lee, 1975, 1978: Bong, 1984: Chun, 1982: Choi et al., 1984: Yun et al., 1990: Yoon, 1982). However, detailed ages of the Tertiary sediments, and their correlations in a basin and between basins are still controversial, since the basins are separated from each other, sedimentary sequence is disturbed and intruded by voncanic rocks, and non-marine sediments are not fossiliferous to be correlated. Therefore, in this work radiometric, magnetostratigraphic, and biostratigraphic data was integrated for the refinement of chronostratigraphy and synopsis of stratigraphy of Tertiary basins of Korea. A total of 21 samples including 10 basaltic, 2 porphyritic, and 9 andesitic rocks from 4 basins were collected for the K-Ar dating of whole rock method. The obtained age can be grouped as follows: $14.8{\pm}0.4{\sim}15.2{\pm}0.4Ma$, $19.9{\pm}0.5{\sim}22.1{\pm}0.7Ma$, $18.0{\pm}1.1{\sim}20.4+0.5Ma$, and $14.6{\pm}0.7{\sim}21.1{\pm}0.5Ma$. Stratigraphically they mostly fall into the range of Lower Miocene to Mid Miocene. The oldest volcanic rock recorded is a basalt (911213-6) with the age of $22.05{\pm}0.67Ma$ near Sangjeong-ri in the Changgi (or Janggi) basin and presumed to be formed in the Early Miocene, when Changgi Conglomerate began to deposit. The youngest one (911214-9) is a basalt of $14.64{\pm}0.66Ma$ in the Haseo basin. This means the intrusive and extrusive rocks are not a product of sudden voncanic activity of short duration as previously accepted but of successive processes lasting relatively long period of 8 or 9 Ma. The radiometric age of the volcanic rocks is not randomly distributed but varies systematically with basins and localities. It becomes generlly younger to the south, namely from the Changgi basin to the Haseo basin. The rocks in the Changgi basin are dated to be from $19.92{\pm}0.47$ to $22.05{\pm}0.67Ma$. With exception of only one locality in the Geumgwangdong they all formed before 20 Ma B.P. The Eoil basalt by Tateiwa in the Eoil basin are dated to be from $20.44{\pm}0.47$ to $18.35{\pm}0.62Ma$ and they are younger than those in the Changgi basin by 2~4 Ma. Specifically, basaltic rocks in the sedimentary and voncanic sequences of the Eoil basin can be well compared to the sequence of associated sedimentary rocks. Generally they become younger to the stratigraphically upper part. Among the basin, the Haseo basin is characterized by the youngest volcanic rocks. The basalt (911214-7) which crops out in Jeongja-ri, Gangdong-myon, Ulsan-gun is $16.22{\pm}0.75Ma$ and the other one (911214-9) in coastal area, Jujon-dong, Ulsan is $14.64{\pm}0.66Ma$ old. The radiometric data are positively collaborated with the results of paleomagnetic study, pull-apart basin model and East Sea spreading theory. Especially, the successively changing age of Eoil basalts are in accordance with successively changing degree of rotation. In detail, following results are discussed. Firstly, the porphyritic rocks previously known as Cretaceous basement (911213-2, 911214-1) show the age of <TE