원격탐사와 지리정보시스템의 산림분야 활용

이우균,김문일,송철호,이슬기,차성은,김강선,Lee, Woo-Kyun,Kim, Moonil,Song, Cholho,Lee, Sle-gee,Cha, Sungeun,Kim, GangSun 한국국토정보공사 공간정보연구원 2016 지적과 국토정보 Vol.46 No.2

산림은 우리나라 토지피복 면적의 64%에 해당하는 넓은 면적을 차지한다. 이와 같이 넓은 면적의 산림을 조사, 모니터링, 관리하기 위해서는 원격탐사 및 지리정보시스템 기술이 필수적이다. 위성영상의 분광반사 특성을 이용하여 임상 및 수종분류가 가능하며, 이를 통해 임상도를 제작할 수 있다. 3차원 자료인 LiDAR를 이용하여 개체목의 위치와 수고 측정, 이를 통해 바이오매스와 탄소량 추정이 가능하다. 그 외에도 대상물의 반사특성을 이용해서 각종 지수들이 추출될 수 있는데, 예를 들어 식생지수와 표면토양지수 등을 통해 식생의 활력도와 산림 황폐화 정도를 파악 할 수 있다. 이러한 식생지수들의 변이를 파악하여 소나무 재선충병, 참나무 시들음병 등의 조기탐지 및 관리도 가능하다. 또한 A/R CDM, REDD+ 등 최근 기후변화 대응 사업에 있어서 원격탐사는 사업성 판단과 이산화탄소 흡수 및 저장량을 산정하는데 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 기후변화 취약성 평가에서는 지리정보시스템의 시공간자료를 이용하여 국가 및 지자체 단위의 취약성이 시공간적으로 평가되고 있다. 또한, 시공간자료를 영향변수로 추가시킨 각종 모델을 통해 산림생장, 입목고사, 산사태 및 산불 등의 예측이 시공간적으로 이루어 질 수 있다. Forest accounts for almost 64 percents of total land cover in South Korea. For inventorying, monitoring, and managing such large area of forest, application of remote sensing and geographic information system (RS/GIS) technology is essential. On the basis of spectral characteristics of satellite imagery, forest cover and tree species can be classified, and forest cover map can be prepared. Using three dimensional data of LiDAR(Light Detection and Ranging), tree location and tree height can be measured, and biomass and carbon stocks can be also estimated. In addition, many indices can be extracted using reflection characteristics of land cover. For example, the level of vegetation vitality and forest degradation can be analyzed with VI (vegetation Index) and TGSI (Top Grain Soil Index), respectively. Also, pine wilt disease and o ak w ilt d isease c an b e e arly detected and controled through understanding of change in vegetation indices. RS and GIS take an important role in assessing carbon storage in climate change related projects such as A/R CDM, REDD+ as well. In the field of climate change adaptation, impact and vulnerability can be spatio-temporally assessed for national and local level with the help of spatio-temporal data of GIS. Forest growth, tree mortality, land slide, forest fire can be spatio-temporally estimated using the models in which spatio-temporal data of GIS are added as influence variables.

미얀마 건조지 토지피복 변화와 식생온도조건지수간의 관계분석

최솔이 ( Sol E Choi ),이우균 ( Woo Kyun Lee2 ),( Hangnan Yu ),강호덕 ( Ho Duck Kang ),김용석 ( Yong Suk Kim ) 한국지리정보학회 2014 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Condition Index(VTCI) using Landsat 4-5 TM satellite images in Central Dry Zones of Myanmar. As a result of land cover classifications, while vegetation areas gradually decrease, residential area and cropland were increased. VTCI analysis shows that region (a) showed a gradual decrease in the area of severely arid, and increase in the area of moderate dry and wet, which sums up to a slight decrease in aridity. Region (b) also showed to increase in dry areas and severe aridity. The result of relational analysis between VTCI and land cover change showed high ratio of land cover change, from severe arid area to forest and residential farmland. The average VTCI decreased in the changed land covers, which indicates the relationship between aridity and land cover change and a gradual increase in the arid area was identified.

강원도지역 소나무의 임분 및 일반 수고 - 흉고직경곡선 모델

이우균 ( Woo Kyun Lee ) 한국산림경제학회 1996 산림경제연구 Vol.4 No.2

가평지역 잣나무임분의 동적 생장 및 경영모델

이우균 ( Woo-kyun Lee ),서정호 ( Jeong-ho Seo ),손요환 ( Yo-whan Son ),김진수 ( Zin-suh Kim ) 산림경영정보학회 2009 산림경영정보 Vol.12 No.0

공간인자에 의한 혼효림의 구조, 밀도 및 다양성 조사기법 개발연구

이우균 ( Woo-kyun Lee ),신만용 ( Man-yong Shin ),배상원 ( Sang-won Bae ) 산림경영정보학회 1998 산림경영정보 Vol.1 No.1

This study was performed to present the optimal number of trees and sample plots in distance sampling method for efficient estimation of structure, density and diversity in mixed stands. For that, error rates of distance sampling method were estimated by comparison on differences between indices from the 0.24ha population and those from the simulation analysis, in which 1 to 100 number of sample plots are selected by random sampling from the population and 1 to 10 number of sample trees are surveyed in a selected plot. Based on these error rates, optimal number of sample plots and trees in distance sampling method were derived. While the 4-tree sampling method showed good performances in common for estimating Gadow’s structure and mingling index, shannon’s diversity index and number of stems per ha, the 6-tree sampling method was proved to be suitable for estimating stand density based on Hegyi’s competition index. In this case, 40-80 sample plots per ha (16-11m distance between sample plots) should be surveyed in order to sustain 10% error

위치종속산림조사용 산림정보분석시스템(FIAS1.5) 개발

이우균 ( Woo-kyun Lee ),독고세준 ( Se-joon Doko ),변우혁 ( Woo-hyuk Byun ) 산림경영정보학회 1998 산림경영정보 Vol.1 No.1

본 연구는 위치종속조사기법으로 조사된 표본조사자료를 다양하게 분석할 수 있는 위치종속산림조사용 전문소프트웨어를 개발하고자 수행되었다. FIAS로 명명된 시스템은 풀다운식 메뉴체계로 개발되었으며 IBM호환기종의 DOS체계에서 운영될 수 있다. FIAS는 자료의 입력 및 수정을 담당하는 파일관리부분, 분석을 위해 파일을 선택하는 파일선택부분, 각종 분석을 실행하는 파일분석부분, 분석결과를 출력하는 출력부분으로 구분되어 있다. 분석부분은 크게 생장, 경쟁, 구조, 다양성, 집락도 및 그래프 부분으로 구분될 수 있다. 생장부분에서는 흉고직경, 수고, 지위지수, ha당 본수 · 단면적 · 재적, 근주직경과 흉고직경간의 회귀분석, 수고와 흉고직경간의 회귀분석 등을 처리할 수 있다. 경쟁지수 부분에서는 Hegyi, Martin-Ek, Alemdag, Lorimer, Daniels, Spurr 등의 단목차원의 크기비율경쟁지수와 Reineke의 임분밀도지수, 상대공간지수, 입목도 등과 같은 임분차원의 경쟁지수를 추정할 수 있다. 임분구조지수 부분에서는 Gadow의 횡적 및 종적 임분구조지수와 Lorenz곡선원리에 근거한 임분 구조지수가 추정될 수 있다. 종다양성지수 부분에서는 Gadow, Shannon, Simpson 및 Hill의 다양성지수를 비롯하여 풍부도, 균재도, 중요도 등을 추정할 수 있다. 집락도분석 부분에서는 Clark-Evans, Ludwig-Reynolds, Johnson-Zimmer 등의 지수를 추정할 수 있다. 그래프메뉴 에서는 흉고직경과 근주직경의 회귀분석결과, 수고곡선의 회귀분석결과, 개체목의 평면위치도, 직경분포 등을 그래프로 출력시킬 수 있다. This study was performed to develop a software in which sampling data measured by position dependent forest survey could be analyzed in various way. The system named as FIAS(Forest Information Analysis System) was developed with pull-down menu system and can be run in DOS operating system of IBM compatible PC. FIAS is composed of the file management part in which data could be input and corrected, the file selection part in which one file can be selected for analysis, the file analysis part in which various analysis is performed and the output part in which several analysis results could be output in monitor, file or printer. The analysis part is composed of 6 modules such as growth, competition, structure, diversity, aggregation, and graphic. In “growth module, several growth factors such as mean dbh and height, site index, stem no. per ha, basal area and volume per ha, could be estimated and regression analysis between dbh and diameter at 0.2m, between height and dbh, could be also performed. In “competition module, tree-level size ratio competition indices proposed by Hegyi, Martin and Ek, Alemdag, Lorimer, Daniels, Spurr as well as stand-level competition indices such as Reineke’s SDI, RSI and stocking could be estimated. In “structure module, horizontal and vertical spatial structure indices by Gadow, structure index based on Lorenz curve could be processed. In “diversity module, various diversity indices by Gadow, Shannon, Simpson and Hill, and also richness , evenness, important indices could be estimated. In “aggregation module, aggregation indices by Clack-Evans, Ludwig-Reynolds and Johnson-Zimmer could be estimated. In “graphic module , relation between dbh and diameter at 0.2m, height-dbh curve, position map of individual trees and dbh-class distribution could be graphically displayed.

지형 , 토양 및 임상정보에 기초한 도시림 관리시스템 개발

이우균(Woo Kyun Lee),손요환(Yo Whan Son),송철철(Chul Chul Song),정기현(Kee Hyun Chung),김윤경(Yoon Kyoung Kim),류성렬(Soung Ryoul Ryu),김현섭(Hyun Sup Kim) 한국환경영향평가학회 1999 환경영향평가 Vol.8 No.3

For the effective management of urban forest, a variety of informations on urban forest needs to be accurately measured and effectively used in decision-making processes. This study aims at developing an urban forest management system with reference to GIS and making it possible to effectively manage urban forests. A detailed forest type map were constructed with the help of aerial photograph and terrestrial inventory. A geographical map in terms of slope, aspect and altitude were also prepared by Digital Elevation Model(DEM). A soil type map containing chemical characteristics were also made through soil analysis. These thematic maps which contain informations on forest type, geography and soil were digitalized with reference to GIS, and an urban forest management system of user interface were developed. With the help of this urban forest management system, various spatial and attribute informations which need for urban forest management could be easily used in decision-making processes in relation to urban forest.

多目的 山林資源調査技法

李祐均 ( Woo-kyun Lee ) 산림경영정보학회 1999 산림경영정보 Vol.2 No.2

위치종속산림조사용 산림정보분석시스템(FIAS1.5) 개발

이우균 ( Woo-kyun Lee ),독고세준 ( Se-joon Doko ),변우혁 ( Woo-hyuk Byun ) 산림경영정보학회 2009 산림경영정보 Vol.12 No.0

Spline 함수와 선형방정식을 이용한 수간 (樹幹) 및 임분간곡선모델 (林分幹曲線)

이우균 ( Woo Kyun Lee ) 한국산림과학회 1994 한국산림과학회지 Vol.83 No.1

One of the essential factors to estimate the stem and stand growth is to correctly portray a stem form (profile). It is also required to numerically approximate a stem form in order to dynamically grasp and represent a stand growth. A whole stem form seems to be a conical form but a stem outline at various positions tapers off differently. Accordingly it is difficult to model a whole stand form with single taper equation. A stem taper equation with different coefficients on each subinterval can be useful tools to accurately portray a stem form. This article presents the derivation method of individual stem taper curve using spline function. It is also in this paper aimed to study how a stand taper curve car, be derived from the population of single stem taper curve in a stand. These taper equations numerically formulated enable to dynamically represent and prognosticate the development process of a stand and prepare the foundation of variety on growth model study and rational forest planning model.