일반논문 : 2차 세계대전 후에 나타난 폴란드 음악의 사회적 상황들과 작곡가들의 활동에 관한 소고

이승선 ( Seungsun Lee ) 한국공연문화학회(구 한국고전희곡학회) 2015 공연문화연구 Vol.0 No.31

제 2차 세계대전 이후 나타난 폴란드의 음악 상황은 이전부터 활동한 원로 작곡가 그룹부터 총 5세대로 구분되어지고, 또한 전후에도 새롭게 3세대가 추가로 등장한다. 그들은 전후 새롭게 등장한 공산정부주도 하에서 구소련으로 부터 도입된 ‘사회주의 리얼리즘’이라는 새로운 예술정책에 각기 다른 반응을 보이면서 활동을 하게 된다. 특히 작곡가들은 사이에서는 정부 예술정책을 옹호하는 측과, 비판하는 측의 두부류로 나누어지면서 각기 활동을 하게 되는데, 이에 따른 다양한 예술 사조를 낳게 되는 결과를 가져 다 준다. 하지만 1956년을 기점으로 창작활동의 제약은 사라지게 되고, 폴란드는 새롭게 도약할 수 있는 발판을 마련하는 기회를 가짐으로써 서방국기가 선점한 예술분야를 따라잡을 수 있도록 많은 노력을 하게 된다. 전후 그들이 겪었던 ‘사회주의 리얼리즘’과 ‘형식주의’는 창작활동에 있어서 음악사조적으로 분분한 의견으로 나타났지만 그들의 순수 창작으로의 열의를 꺾지는 못하였다. 새로운 예술정책을 위한 와구프(Łagow)의회 수많은 토론과 의견들은 창작의 자유가 보장된 우리들에게 시사 하는바가 많음을 일깨워주고 있다. Several generations of Polish composers were active in Poland during the first post-war years.Whilst these interests generally correspond to the particular generations, the latter may be symbolically broken down into ten-year period. The brief characterization of the particular generations presented intended solely as a guide to the reader, and discusses only the most outstanding and most familiar representatives of the five generations of composers. In addition, new generations of composers entered the musical arena. In the years leading up to the congress at Łagow, i.e. prior to 1949 a discussion took place on the subject of formalism in music. On the basis of statements made by composers, musicologists and politicians, to fine definitions of realistic and formalistic music. The first signs of crisis in the normative aesthetic, visible mainly in the weakening of the pressure exerted on composers by the administrative powers, appeared prior to 1956. The most crucial of the consequences which followed the political upheaval of October 1956 was the change in the conception of musical culture: instead of the conception of a unified culture, a conception was accepted of a multi-layered culture, differentiated in respect to style, content and social function. Polish composers assimilated virtually all the developments of the Western European avant-garde, in order to rediscover its place in European music. The effect was to produce an extremely rapid advancement of Polish music in the international arena. A substantial role in this process was played by changes in Polish musical life

범죄보도로 인한 인격권의 침해와 문제점

이승선(Seungsun Lee),김연식(Yeonshik Kim) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2008 사회과학연구 Vol.19 No.3

위법적 취재보도에 대한 법적 규제의 특성 연구

이승선(Lee Seungsun) 한국방송학회 2000 한국방송학보 Vol.14 No.1

The purpose of this study is firstly to evaluate the influence that the legal regulation over the mass media has on the media ethics. Secondly it is to search the alternative methods substituting for the illegal news gathering practices. The specific research questions are as follows; 1. Whom do the illegal news gathering practices happen against? 2. Why have the illegal news gathering practices occurred in Korea since 1990s? 3. What are the characteristics of the legal regulation against the illegal news gathering practices? 4. What are the alternative methods substituting for the illegal news gathering practices? In this study, 23 cases that have the problems of the illegal news gathering and illegal reporting by journalists are sampled and analyzed through content analysis method. Of 22 cases, 4 cases are related to the illegal news gathering against the private persons and 3 cases are connected with the illegal news gathering against the public persons. 9 cases are linked with the illegal news reporting against the private persons and 7 cases have relations with the public persons on the illegal news reporting practices. The findings of this study can be summarized as follows; 1. Women have been the primary target of the illegal news gathering and reporting regardless of the private or public persons. 2. All of the cases which were regulated by judges or prosecutors were derived from the acts that infringe the principles established in the code of media ethics. 3. Negligence or disregard of the consent and approval of the individual persons in news gathering process has caused a lot of the legal regulations by judges. 4. Legal regulation against the news gathering process itself is no less importantly considered than legal regulation against contents of news reporting. Especially, Legal problems related to the invasions of individual privacy result from news gathering activities. 5. Observing the basic principles of media ethics is the best method capable of being free from legal regulations. 6. It is necessary to reform legal environments which restrict the rational news gathering and reporting.

미디어법 개정과 지역민의 행복추구권

이승선(Seungsun Lee) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2010 사회과학연구 Vol.21 No.2

The Constitutional Court and court of the Republic of Korea began to apply the right of pursuing happiness in reviewing the constitutionality of laws. The right to the pursuit of happiness laid down in the 1980 Constitution of Korea, the 8th revision. The Article 10 of the Constitution of Korea states that all citizens shall be assured of human dignity and worth and have the right to pursue happiness. The Article 34 (1) of the Constitution stipulates that all citizens shall be entitled to a life worthy of human being. The National Assembly revised the media related laws that govern the country's media industry on July 23, 2009. The legislation will allow large businesses and newspaper firms to own stakes in not only terrestrial broadcasting channels but also cable television channels. According to the revised laws, a newspaper company or a conglomerate will be allowed to acquire up to a 10-percent stake in broadcasting and up to a 30 percent stake in a cable network. But local media market would fall into the consumption market of the central media. Thus, the government and the local media should play an active role in pursuing the happiness for the local residents.

20세기 새로운 정치상황 하에서의 폴란드 신고전주의 음악의 특징에 관한 연구

이승선(Seungsun Lee) 한국외국어대학교 동유럽발칸연구소 2017 동유럽발칸연구 Vol.41 No.2

신고전주의의 경향은 제1차 세계대전이후 전 유럽의 작곡가들에 의해 나타났으며, 인상주의 사조, 표현주의 사조로 확산되어져갔다. 그 확산되어진 사조의 중심에는 폴란드 출신의 많은 작곡가들이 있었고, 그들은 20세기 현대사조를 준비하는 음악사적 위치에서 나름 중요한 차지하고 있었음으로 이에 관한 연구는 중요한 작업이라 사료된다. 폴란드 음악의 신고전주의는 파리에서 유래되었고 스트라빈스키가 아닌 오네게르와 미요의 사조를 따랐다. 카롤 시마놉스키를 비롯한 당시 중요한 폴란드신고전주의 악파들은 폴란드 민속음악의 다양한 요소들을 가미하여 그들만의 독자적인 신고전주의 기법에 의한 작품들을 쏟아내는데, 훗날 이들에 의한 신고전주의 작풍은 전후 40~50년대까지 폴란드 현대음악 전반에 걸쳐서 주류적인 기반이 되었다. 이는 20세기 폴란드 현대음악 사조의 대표적 특징들인 ‘새로운 선법’ · ‘새로운 조성’ · ‘새로운 민속주의’ · ‘새로운 단순화주의’ 등의 작품기법들이 루토스왑스키 · 펜데레츠키 · 구레츠키 · 킬라르 등 많은 폴란드 출신의 세계적인 작곡가들 의 작품사조에 중요한 기여를 했다는 점에서 폴란드 음악의 신고전주의는 20세기 폴란드 현대음악의 역사와 그 맥을 같이 하고 있다고 말할 수 있겠다. ‘폴란드 음악의 신고전주의’에 관한 역사적인 고찰을 위하여 그 당시 주요 작풍이었던 ‘민속주의’ · ‘다양한 리듬형태’ · ‘다양한 선율형태’ · ‘구조’ 등을 세계적으로 많은 활동을 한 주요 작곡가들의 작품을 통하여 살펴보았다. Polish musical neoclassicism, although oriented towards Paris, did not imitate the creative method of Igor Stravinsky, but rather the method of Arthur Honegger and Darius Milhaud. This was manifest in its poly-tonality, the harmonies of tonal centers, a limpidity of texture, the augmented role of hythm(incidentally, more motive forces than metro-rhythmic complications), the reduced influence of melody, the emphasis on an ironic approach to ‘Romantic relics’, i.e. the melodic and the lyrical. Polish neoclassicists readily braided into their music dance rhythms or melodic motifs characteristic of Polish Folklore. In contrast to the model of neoclassicism presented by Stravinsky, Poles were not inclined towards parody, grotesque or pastiche. Neither did not they adhere to the technique of processing material derived from the work of composers from other ears; they employed neither quotation nor imitation. Their simplification of language and texture was not so radical as that of the French composers of the ‘Groupe des Six’. The shift in the center of gravity from the Romantic aesthetic in which the output of Karol Szymanowski took shape to the new aesthetic(neoclassicism) launched in Paris took place within his lifetime. After Karol Szymanowski, virtually almost Polish composers turned towards the neoclassical aesthetic, which also became dominant across Europe, in spite of quite strong opposition from dodecaphony.

효모에서 분리한 멜라닌 생성 억제 물질의 작용 기전

이승선(Seungsun Lee),정호권(Hokwon Jung),오철(Oh Chul),최태부(Taeboo Choe) 한국생물공학회 2004 KSBB Journal Vol.19 No.2

Mechanism of melanogenesis inhibition by melanoston isolated from yeast

Seungsun Lee(이승선),Hokwon Jung(정호권),Oh Chul(오철),Taehoo Choe(최태부) 한국생물공학회 2004 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2004 No.10

신문제목으로 인한 명예훼손의 법적 책임

이승선(Seungsun Lee) 충남대학교 사회과학연구소 2011 사회과학연구 Vol.22 No.2

??The Newspaper could be sued and even criminally prosecutes for libel. Defamation could be defined as false statements of fact disseminated about a person or legal person that in damage to that person's reputation. True statements of fact could be punished for defamation in Korea. Most of defamation cases are caused by the contents of the articles in press. But the newspaper headline may be responsible for defamation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the characteristics of legal disputes that caused by the newspaper headlines. Defamation lawsuits with 11 cases was analyzed. the libel cases analyzed in this research were selected from Press Arbitration Commission, the Supreme Court Home Page and other materials published by the press. The results are as follows. First, as a rule, the headline with the articles was legally responsible for defamation. Second, if the headlines were totally different from the content of body article, the titles were responsible for their own. Third, even if the headline was no different with the body articles, repeated use of the headline could be responsible for defamation.

효모에서 분리한 멜라닌 생성 억제 물질의 세포분화 억제

최태부 ( Taeboo Choe ),이승선 ( Seungsun Lee ),정호권 ( Hokwon Jung ),오철 ( Oh Chul ) 대한화장품학회 2005 대한화장품학회지 Vol.31 No.1

본 연구에서는 효모에서 분리한 melanoston이라고 명명된 멜라닌 생성을 억제하는 물질의 작용 기전을 밝히기 위한 것이다. α-MSH를 처리한 B16 melanoma 세포에서 melanoston은 tyrosinase mRNA 발현양을 10% 정도 저해되는데 그쳤으며 western blotting을 이용한 단백질 측정에서도 이와 비슷한 정도의 단백질 생성 억제를 보였다. 그러나 B16 세포 배양액에 melanoston을 첨가할 경우 세포내 tyrosinase 활성이 30%까지 감소되는 것으로 나타나 melanoston이 tyrosinase inhibitor는 아니지만 세포내 tyrosinase 활성화(activation) 과정을 억제하는 것으로 추측할 수 있었다. 또한 광학 현미경을 이용한 morphology 관찰에서 α-MSH를 처리한 세포에서는 많은 dentrite가 형성되면서 세포분화가 일어나는 반면 melanoston를 처리한 경우에는 dendrite가 감소하면서 세포형태가 대조군과 비슷하게 회복되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또 FITC-anti-tyrosinase-Ab를 이용한 형광염색을 통해서는 α-MSH만 처리한 세포에서는 tyrosinase의 분포가 dendrite를 포함한 세포 전체로 퍼져나가는 것을 관찰 할 수 있었고 α-MSH와 melanoston을 동시에 처리한 세포에서는 대조군과 비슷하게 tyrosinase가 핵 주변에서만 관찰되어 melanoston이 B16 melanoma 세포의 분화과정에서 이를 억제하는 효과를 주고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이상의 결과들을 종합해 볼 때 melanoston은 α-MSH에 의해 진행되는 B16 세포의 분화를 억제하고 이 과정에서 멜라닌 생성의 주된 효소인 tyrosinase의 활성화를 억제하며 결과적으로는 멜라닌 생성을 저해하는 것으로 사료된다. Melanocytes synthesize melanin within discrete organelle termed melanosomes which are transferred to the surrounding keratinocytes and can be produced in varying sizes, numbers and densities. Skin whitening products have become increasingly popular in the past few years. The most successful natural skin whitening agents are: arbutin, vitamin C, kojic acid, and mulberry, which are all tyrosinase inhibitors. In this work, melanoston, a melanogenesis inhibitor isolated from yeast was studied to understand its mechanism of melanogenesis inhibition. It was found that melanoston was not a tyrosinase inhibitor, while when melanoston was applied to the B16 melanoma cell culture media, the intracellular tyrosinase activity was decreased by more than 30%. When B16 melanoma was stimulated with α-MSH, cell morphololgy was dramatically changed to have lots of dendrites on the cell membrane surface. On the other hand, B16 was treated with α-MSH and melanoston, simultaneously, the change of cell morphologv was not so great. This inhibitory effect of melanoston was found to be related to the inhibition of intracellar activation and transportation of tyrosinase, which was observed by irmmunostaining of B16 melanoma using anti-tyrosinase antibody. From these results, melanoston was regarded as an inhibitor to the differentiation of melanoma cells.