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박희붕(Hee Boong Park),이묘경(Myo Kyung Lee),홍정(Jeong Hong),정우희(Woo Hee Jung),황의호(Eui Ho Hwang),설준희(Joon Hee Sul) 대한두경부종양학회 1993 대한두경부 종양학회지 Vol.9 No.2
Histologically proven 465 cases of neck mass in children were analized for the determination of the nature of lesions. Pathologic specimens were obtained during 10 years from January 1981 to December 1989 at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, College of Medicine. 1) Congenital lesion was most common in neonate(80%) and congenital lesion and inflamatory disease were common in infancy and inflammatory disease was most common in more than one year old children. Thyroglossal duct cyst was most common(35.4%) disease of the congenital lesion. followed by cytic hygroma(34%) and branchial cleft remnants(29.2%). 2) Benign tumors were discovered most frequently in adolescence (55.2%) and thyroid adenoma(23.7%) and epithelial tumor(21.1%) and hemangiomas(19.7%) were most common. Most common malignant tumors were malignant lymphoma (50%) and Hodgkin's disease and were present in the older children. Metastatic cancers were very rare and their primary sites were deductable in all cases. 3) Reactive hyperplasia of lymph node was most common in inflammatory disease(23.7%). Tuberculosis lymphadenitis was more common than nonspecific lymphadenitis. 4) Bilaterality of lesion was commonly seen in malignant disease(41.7%), reactive hyperplasia of lymph node (38.85%) and metastatic disease(33.3%). Size and duration of the masses were not helpful in the differential diagnosis of the cause of the masses. Pediatric neck mass must be evaluated with its characteristics. sites, bilaterality, size and its cange, duration and patient's age but any of these alone cant not be predicted its causes without biopsy or excision. Biopsy or excision can be done with few complication but biopsy of lymph node for diagnosis is carefully made because a large number of lymph node biopsy showed no definite diagnosis in these selected cases of patients.
소아 서혜부 탈장 성형술을 위한 미추마취시 Lidocaine 의 적정 농도
신양식,김종래,이기영,남용택,이묘경,황의호,곽영란 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.2
To determine the best concentration of lidocaine for caudal anesthesia under supplementary general inhalation anesthesia via faee mask, 85 children aged 1 month to 12 years scheduled for inpatients or outpatients inguinal herniorraphy were randomiaed to receive caudal anesthesia with lidocaine in one of four concentrations(0.5, 0.75, 1.0 or 1.5%) mixing l: 200,000 epinephrine. After incision, gradual reduction in inspired halothane resulted, if tolerated by subject, in an inspired concentration of 0.5% at 10 minutes after incision. Percents of patients who received more than 0.5% of endtidal halothane concentration at hernia sac ligation were 30.0, 28.6, 16.7 and 20.0% in the subjeets receiving 0.5, 0.75, 1.0 and 1.5% lidocaine, respectively. There was no significant differences among groups in pain/discomfort scores and caudal effectiveness scores. A subject receiving 1.5 % lidocaine complained of leg weakness and another of retching. About ninety percents of all subjects could gain the analgesic levels at T_(9-11) dermatome although most of subjects receiving 0.5% lidocaine had the short duration less than 1 hour. Postoperative analgesic effects in the subjects receiving 1.0% lidocaine were superior to those receiving 0.5 and 0.75% solution. Although all concentrations were effective for combined general-caudal anesthesia in children, we conclude that 1.0% lidocaine offers the best combination of effectiveness, postoperative analgesia, adequate anesthetic levels and less complication for pediatric inguinal herniorraphy