도시에너지소비에 의한 인공배열 특성

이강국,홍원화 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.23 No.5

The study has accumulated the A special quality anthropogenic Heat released in Urban According to Energy consumptions types within city and uses a Mesh Data. The study is based on accumulated data and finds traits of anthropogenic Heat released by space and time. The result of the study is as follows. 1. Upon analyzing energy consumption of subjected area for the study, urban building 39.9%, urban traffic 28.6%, urban factory 31.5%, Urban building shows mainly consumption of petroleum and electricity due to fuel consumption increase and construction of new buildings, Urban traffic shows consumption of petroleum, Urban factory shows common with petroleum and electricity. 2. anthropogenic Heat by Urban building showed the higest PM 12, anthropogenic Heat by Urban Factory showed the higest PM 13, anthropogenic Heat by Urban traffic is mainly automobile and truck. 3. anthropogenic Heat by administrative district is about 67~131. 4. anthropogenic Heat by seasons showed when winter 120, when spring and autumn 97, summer 110, 20 PM in 24 hours shows the higest level in the anthropogenic Heat released.

글로벌라이제이션과 경제발전을 위한 국가의 역할

이강국 한국사회경제학회 1998 사회경제평론 Vol.- No.12

찬란한 역사문화를 자랑하는 중국의 심장, 시안(西安)

이강국 성균관대학교 성균중국연구소 2019 성균차이나브리프 Vol.7 No.3

도시고온화 현상에 따른 열섬·냉섬 특성에 관한 연구

이강국,홍원화 대한건축학회 2007 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.23 No.8

Artificial changes in land-cover condition and increase in energy consumption brought by congested population and urbanization process in accordance with urban development have greatly affected urban climate, a natural environmental factor, and immensely deteriorated the urban thermal environment. Therefore, the study seeks to determine the characteristics of urban heat distribution in accordance with land usage and classify heat and cool islands within urban area to reflect such findings on urban thermal condition improvement and city planning for future urbanization plan. Results of the study are as follows. 1. The horizontal distribution characteristic of the target area had shown high-temperature phenomena during daytime from industrial zone. At 18:00 hour, the sunset hour, relatively high-temperature had been found on traffic congested area and nearby city center while urban Heat Island had been shown by city center at 24:00 hour. 2. The horizontal distribution characteristic of relative humidity of targeted area had been shown by industrial zone at 12:00 hour. At the sunset hour which is 18:00 and 24:00 and 06:00 hour, low relative humidity sector had been shown by city center and surroundings. 3. The maximum urban heat island concentration value per season had been determined as intermediately stage (3.5℃), the summer season (2.6℃) and the winter season (2.5℃). 4. The center of heat island shifted from industrial zone and traffic-congested areas during daytime to city center from sunrise until right before sunset. 5. The distribution of Heat Island that affects the increase in the urban thermal environment has been determined to be evenly distributed throughout the target area, but concentrated on commercial and business sector of city center. This clearly shows that cool island formed near the rivers and green zone alleviating the overall urban thermal environment.

전치사 a 의 탈격성에 대한 통시적 고찰

이강국 한국서어서문학회 2000 스페인어문학 Vol.17 No.1

En el castellano actual el use mayoritario de la preposicio'n a es el que rige etimolo'gicamente el acusativo; sin embargo, de vez en cuando se encuentran ejemplos en que es usada en la oracio'n de ablativo, Como ejemplos podemos estudiar las siguientes oraciones: 1) Para tener el mismo nu'mero de di'as que Iulius, se le [a Augustus] an￣adio' un di'a, que previamente se habi'a quitado a Februarius, 2) Su estatua milagrosa al templo augusto / se aunaron a robar. ablativo, La mejor manera para explicar estos ejemplos que parecen excepcionales es aclarar la etimologi'a par medio de la comparacio'n empi'rica con el latin, Para ello en este trabajo hemos consultado los textos originales del lati'n cla'sico y hemos citado las oraciones comparables con nuestros ejemplos del castellano, Basten coma ejemplos: 6) Qui in glacho occiderit, oportet cum gladio occidit [Aurea dicta] 7) Sicut tradiderunt nobis qui ab initio ipsi viderunt,,. 8) visum est et mini adsecuto a principio omnibus diligenter [Vulgata, Lc 1, 2.-3] Por media de este ana'lisis comparativo podemos ver que la etimologi'a de la preposicio'n citadas, este modo comparativo tiene mochas ventajas desde el punto de vista pedago'gico, porque este tipo de ana'lisis diacro'nico es practicamente la u'nica manera de explicar la no acusatividad de la preposicio'n a y la correspondencia, en cambio, con ab. Como se puede apreciar, la preposicio'n a del castellano actual time usos sumamente trabajo y que pueden provocar dificultades a la hors de explica'rselos a los alumnus, in embargo, el conocimiento ba'sico del lati'n y el me'todo comparativo con esta lengua madre solucionan fa'cilmente el problema y permiten dilucidar los casos de aparentes usos excepcionales de la lengua.

아베노믹스, 평가와 전망 : 소득주도성장의 관점에서

이강국 한국사회경제학회 2017 한국사회경제학회 학술대회 자료집 Vol.2017 No.여름

도시에너지 소비의 공간?시간적 특성 분석

이강국,홍원화 대한건축학회 2006 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.22 No.9

The study has accumulated the energy data used in buildings according to building types within which city and uses a Mesh Data, for urban energy consumption. The study is based on accumulated data and finds traits of energy distribution by space and time and urban energy consumption. The result of the study is as follows. 1. Upon analyzing energy consumption of subjected area for the study, the commercial buildings show the peak demand of electricity while the residential buildings do the peak demand of heating. 2. Although residential, office and commercial buildings monthly showed low energy consumption per square units, they all have a large proportion of energy consumption because of huge space for buildings and for what composition ratio which provide a determined factor that would greatly effect on urban energy consumption. 3. Distribution of buildings according to their type like a commercial and residential building has influence on the change of spatial and temporal traits of urban energy consumption. 4. High urban energy consumption has been annually shown with centering on a Joonggu district where all kinds of buildings exist ,and social and economic activities occur. 5. A summer in four seasons showed the highest level in the urban energy consumption. 6. 8 PM in 24 hours shows the highest level in the urban energy consumption.

복합소재의 연속 두께 변화를 통한 좌굴온도 및 모드형상 최적화

이강국,이후민,윤길호 한국전산구조공학회 2021 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.34 No.6

본 논문에서는 구조물의 좌굴 온도와 좌굴 형상을 제어하는 새로운 크기 최적화 방법에 대해서 소개한다. 구조적 안정성 관점에서 구조물의 좌굴 온도와 좌굴 형상을 예측하는 것은 중요한 주제 중 하나이다. 이를 공학적인 직관을 통해 예측하고 최적화된 구조 설계 를 하는 것은 너무나 어려운 과제이다. 이러한 한계점을 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 유한요소 시뮬레이션과 치수 최적 설계 방식의 조합을 제안한다. 구조물의 좌굴 온도와 좌굴 형상이 구조물의 두께에 영향을 받는다는 생각에서 착안해 설계 변수를 구조물의 노드 의 두께 값으로 설정했다. 좌굴 온도 값과 좌굴 형상을 목적 함수로 정해진 부피 값을 제약 조건으로 두었다. 치수 최적 설계를 통해 원 하는 좌굴 온도와 좌굴 형상을 유도하기 위한 최적의 두께 분포를 결정할 수 있다. 제안된 치수 최적 설계의 타당성은 본 논문의 다양 한 직사각형 복합 구조물 예제들을 사용해서 검증하였다. In this study, we presented a novel size optimization framework to control the linear buckling temperature and several buckling modes of plates, by optimizing thickness values of composite structures for practical engineering applications. Predicting the buckling temperature and mode shape of structures is a vital research topic in engineering to achieve structural stability. However, optimizing designs of engineering structures through engineering intuition is challenging. To address this limitation, we proposed a method that combines finite element simulation and size optimization. Based on the idea that the structural buckling temperature and mode shape of a plate are affected by the thickness of the structure, the thickness values of the nodes of the target structure were set as the design variables in this optimization method; and the buckling temperature values, and buckling mode shapes were set as the objective functions. This size optimization method enabled the determination of optimal thickness distributions, to induce the desired buckling temperature values and mode shapes. The validity of the proposed method was verified in terms of their buckling temperature values and buckling mode shapes, using several numerical examples of rectangular composite structures.

스페인어 관용어의 의미 해석에 작용하는 민간어원적 오류 연구

이강국 한국외국어대학교 외국종합연구센터 중남미연구소 2013 중남미연구 Vol.32 No.1

대등 접속사 et 의 발전과 황금세기의 닫힘 현상

이강국 한국스페인어문학회 2001 스페인어문학 Vol.19 No.1

En este trabcyo se explica la evolucio′n de la conjuncio′n copulativa eˇt$gt;i no desde la perspectiva fone′tica cla′sica sino desde la perspectiva de un feno′meno que fue preponderante en los siglos de Oro espan~ol: la tendencia al cierre voca′lico de las vocales a′tonas. La forma derivada normal del e′timo latino eˇt fue la forma a que se useo′durante el Medioevo, pero en el siglo XVI esta forma fue reemplazada por i ($gt;y). La explicacio′n fone′tica aceptada es que e habri′a diptongado en ie por influencia del dialecto leone′s, contraye′ndose finalmente en i. Aunque esta evolucio′n es muy comu′n en te′rminos fone′ticos, no fue un feno′meno comu′n en Castilla. Por el contrario, si′ lo son los ejemplos de vocales a′tonas e que se cierran en i, como en el caso de creare$gt;criar. Las variaciones en el timbre voca′lico y el cierre de las vocales a′tonas fueron los cambios fone′ticos que ocurrieron de manera ma′s frecuente en los siglos de Oro, como se puede ver en los ejemplos de alternancia vanedad/vanidad, envernar/invernar y de cambio dobdar$gt;dudar, fori/huir, sofrir$gt;sufrir, etc. En consecuencia, por cuestiones cronolo′gicas y de sistematicidad es convincente y conveniente pensar la evolucio′n (eˇt$gt;i) e$gt;i como un caso ma′s de la tendencia al cierre voca′lico que fue tan extensivo en los siglos de Oro.