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안병렬 安東大學 1982 安東大學 論文集 Vol.4 No.1
Ga-Jeon is a modelled fiction after the Chinese history books style. It is a literary creative writing personified the things near us with an intention to enlighten and warn the ignorant and the world. The works of Ga-Jeon have been produced from the middle age of Korea dynasty to after the enlightened age. There are eight pieces of this works written after the enlightened age. 1) Maeseng Jeon by Yoon, Chi Yeong which personified a plum blossom. The author intended to warn to the society of that days by praising its noble-mindedness. 2) Geumeuigongja Jeon by Whang, Hyeon which personified an oriole seems to be a master pieces of that sort of works. The author intended to warn to the court which has no man of ability. 3) Jeonshin Jeon by Kim, Mahn Jin which personifid money is a work with an intention to satirize and awaken the Confucian scholars who are ignorant about economy. 4) Gwanseongja Jeon by Han, Seong le which personified a pen valued the pen high and suggested sympathy for the faithful retainers met with a disaster by reason of their speaking frankly. 5) Yeonjeog Jeon by Choi, Hyeon Dal which personified a Yeonjeog (a container for ink-stone water) is an excellent work praising its lofty grace. 6) Shisoe Jeon by Byeon, Yeong Mahn which personified the human nature is a realistic fiction composed of slang to present a new developmental possibility of Ga-Jeon. 7) Gongbang Jeon by Jo, Gyu Cheol which personified money is a work praising the graceful Korean scholar who won the fight against money. 8) Hwawang Jeon by Lee, Ga Won which personified the tree peony is a fictional work composed of Chinese historical fact in the first half of the piece, and in the second half, of the historical fact of Shilla dynasty, but it is too distracted and hackneyed in thought. The characteristics of Ga-Jeon of the period from the middle age of Korea dynasty to after the enlightened age are as follows. 1) The motive of the writing of Ga-Jeon changed from the individual anger to the national animosity. 2) There arosed a strong national self-awareness in thought. 3) The style and form of the fiction were slowly changed. 4) It is the works of Chinese literary men who looked away the periodical necessity of the slowly growing Korean literature, and who intended to enlighten and warn the ignorant and the world for fear of the downfall of our country in that days.
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안병렬 安東大學 1984 安東大學 論文集 Vol.6 No.1
There remain about forty Ga-Jeon (pseudo-biographical) works during the eight hundred years` history of Ga-Jeon literature in Korea, the purpose of this study-is to seek its origin and examine the features. Sa-Gi-Yeol-Jeon (사기열전) by Sa-Ma-Cheon (사마천: B. C.145~86) is considered as the first biographical literature in Asia. Following the tradition of Sa-Jeon (사전: historical biography) there appeared Ga-Jeon (가전). a biography on a common man. And next there appeared Tak-Jeon (탁전), which is an allegorical biography of the writer himself or the other man whose lives are described in borrowed names. Nearly at the same time another kind of allegorical biography called Ga-Jeon (가전) appeared. This new kind of biography is about some personified matters, which have their own lives like a man in the story. Therefore the literature of Ga-Jeon (가전), Tak-Jeon, and Ga-Jeon (가전) had all come down from the historical biography, Sa-Jeon written by historic officers. There are four basic features in Ga-Jeon (가전) literature; biographical, personificational, fictional and didactic. By the biographical and personificational features it forms the twin wheels of the story. By the feature of fiction it personifies the subject matters with the invention of the characters to have the three-step plot of the lineage, its achievements and commentary conclusion according to the form of historical tales or legends. Humours are intermixed along the whole context sometimes suggesting some moral lessons in them. With many years` passing by they had been transformed most of the stories had become longer in their lengths, and changed in their plots. This type of literature is called especially Ga-Jeon-Che-So-Seol (가전체소설). Many characters in the novels are allegorized and the contents are mostly ideal. We find some elemetns of novel in them, but it`s hard to say that they had influenced upon the development of novel in later times.
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안병렬 安東大學 1985 安東大學 論文集 Vol.7 No.1
The pseudo-biographical novel means a novel which has the style of pseudo-biography. There have been known nine of the kind until present, and most of them deal with theme of mind with the moral that we should culture our mind right and clear. Besides them, Hwasa(花史) and Yeo-yong-kuk-jeon (女容國傳) are alse considered in this study-the former is a story about the origin of the flowers and the latter is about women`s cosmetic tools. The pseudo-biographical novel is worth noticing in that it had brought the development in the style of novel, and it is a very unique genre only in Korea.
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Hydrogel 키토산비드를 이용한 수중의 양이온 중금속과 음이온의 제거 효율 평가
안병렬 대한상하수도학회 2018 상하수도학회지 Vol.32 No.3
Cu(II) can cause health problem for human being and phosphate is a key pollutant induces eutrophication in rivers and ponds. To remove of Cu(II) and phosphate from solution, chitosan as adsorbent was chosen and used as a form of hydrogel bead. Due to the chemical instability of hydrogel chitosan bead (HCB), the crosslinked HCB by glutaraldehyde (GA) was prepared (HCB-G). HCB-G maintained the spherical bead type at 1% HCl without a loss of chitosan. A variety of batch experiment tests were carried out to determine the removal efficiency (%), maximum uptake (Q, mg/g), and reaction rate. In the single presence of Cu(II) or phosphate, the removal efficiency was obtained to 17 and 16%, respectively. However, the removal efficiency of Cu(II) and phosphate was increased to 50~55% at a mixed solution. The maximum uptake (Q) for Cu(II) and phosphate was enhanced from 11.3 to74.4 mg/g and from 3.34 to 36.6 mg/g, respectively. While the reaction rate of Cu(II) and phosphate was almost finished within 24 and 6 h at single solution, it was not changed for Cu(II) but was retarded for phosphate at mixed solution.
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