고려~조선전기의 백두산 인식

송용덕 한국역사연구회 2007 역사와 현실 Vol.- No.64

Generally mountain Bulham(不咸山), Gaemadae(蓋馬大山), Dotae(徒太山), Jongtae(從太山), Taebaek(太白山), Jangbaek(長白山) have been understood as another names of mountain Baekdu(白頭山). But another names of Mt. Baekdu were arranged in the latter period of the Joseon dynasty. The name of Mt. Baekdu was found at historical materials in AD 991. Mt. Baekdu was recognized that it was within the world of Koryŏ, even though it was beyond a border area of the Koryŏ dynasty. And the theory of divination based on topography was prevalent at that time. So Mt. Baekdu become recognized as the fountainhead of the Korean Peninsula's mountains by steps. Mt. Baekdu became the place of mountain worship. The first god of Palseongdang(八聖堂) had to do with Mt. Baekdu. And a religious service of Mt. Baekdu had performed at the Youngheung district from the latter period of the Goryo dynasty. The religious service of the Youngheung district had performed by local officials, but it was abolished in AD 1437. Instead Mt. Bibaek(鼻白山) became an important place of the northern section for religious services. And finally a religious service of Mt. Baekdu was restarted in AD 1767.

관광호텔의 대 고객 관계 마케팅 활동 개선방안에 관한 연구

송용덕 한국관광식음료학회 1999 관광식음료경영연구 Vol.10 No.1

This study attempted to present the ways of improving relationship marketing activities of tourist hotels. The field survey was carried out at six deluxe hotels in Seoul to find out their relationship marketing activities and analyze the problems of the activities. The problems were analyzed as follow; 1) lack of adequate understanding of the importance of relationship marketing, 2) poor contents of customer file information, 3) insufficient service encounter management, 4) negative inducement of guests' complaints, 5) insufficient survey of guests' satisfaction, 6) insufficient relationship maintenance programs and regaining program of lost guests. This study relationship marketing activities should be improved with customer information file establishment, service encounter mangement, and communication enforcement as follow; 1. Customer Information File Establishment As relationship marketing Is marketing for individual, it needs customer file information. The guest information files should be made in detail in all the market segments. Hotels have to make use of the information strategically for establishing relationship with their guests. 2. Service Encounter Mnagement Because the guest-oriented mind and professionalism of hotel staff are prerequisite for relationship continuity, hotel should make efforts to make its staff keep the mind and cultivate expert service technique of the staff. 3. Communication Enforcement Communication enforcement consists of communication activities and communication programs which are focused on contact intensity and two-way communication.

서울시내 특급호텔의 고객애호도 프로그램 운영개선방안에 관한 연구

송용덕,이영재 안양대학교 복지행정연구소 2003 福祉行政硏究 Vol.19 No.-

기존 고객 유지 프로그램에 대한 체계적인 분석과 연구를 통하여 호텔기업 특성에 맞는 기존고객 유지 프로그램 운영 전략방안을 제시하고자 하는 것이 본 연구의 목적이다. 이와 같은 연구 목적을 달성하기 위한 구체적인 목표는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 호텔기업의 기존고객 유지 프로그램의 이론을 체계화하여 분석의 준거로 삼았다. 둘째, 호텔기업의 기존고객 유지 프로그램의 운영현황을 고찰하고 문제점을 파악하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 셋째, 이론적 연구와 현황분석의 결과를 바탕으로 호텔기업의 기존고객 유지 프로그램 운영전략 방안을 제시하였다.

관광호텔 해외 마케팅 활동 개선방안에 관한 연구

송용덕 한국관광식음료학회 1998 관광식음료경영연구 Vol.9 No.1

It is expected that marketing environment of the hotel industry will change much this year. Hotels should make strategic marketing activities to cope with the rapid change of the environment positively. With the case study of marketing activities for American market of "L" Hotel, a deluxe hotel in Seoul, this study is to present the ways of improving marketing activities of a tourist hotel. U.S.A market has been emerging as the most important market in deluxe hotels with strong value of U.S. dollar currency. To get more Ameriean staying guests. hotels had better make effortis in American market as follow. First, hotels should select corporate market as main target market in U.S.A market. Second, hotels should make preferred corporate rate contracts with corporate travel departments of corporate accounts as their house agents Third, hotels should recognize Global Distribution System as major eservation network in U.S.A Fourth, hotels should advertise effectively in G.D.S in order that agents may reserve the hotel with its visual information. Fifth, hotels had better make the most use of three branch offices of K.N.T.O and sale offices of their affiliated reservation system to get useful information on corporates and travel agents.el agents.

고려의 一字名 羈縻州 편제와 尹瓘 축성

송용덕 한국중세사학회 2012 한국중세사연구 Vol.0 No.32

The Wall[長城] construction associated with new JuJin-based fortress in the northeastern border was proceeded by stages. It was an offensive strategy that accompanied a few battles. The Goryeo dynasty had enlarged it's power for Jurchens lived in the nearby border. The outskirt households[蕃戶] located at the Wall side area were started to be registered by the Goryeo government. And some of Jurchen villages were newly designated as the autonomous yet subordinate villages[羈縻州] of the Goryeo dynasty. Standard administrative procedures were registration of households, designation of the Ju title, and the bestowal of the Jugi[朱記] certificate. The autonomous yet subordinate village such as Wigaeju[威鷄州] had been managed at the northeastern border in 1038. And It was expanded in 1073. Autonomous yet subordinate villages named with one letter[一字名 羈縻州]-such as Gongju[恭州], Onju[溫州], Seongju[誠州], and Seongju[城州]-had been designated at that time. This policy of the Goryeo dynasty means that autonomous yet subordinate village named with one letter was treated nominally on the same footing with Ju[州] of the Goryeo dynasty. But it was variable by the trend of Jurchen villages and chiefs of Jurchen tribes. The Goryeo dynasty was faced with resistance of Jurchen people lived at Hamheung[咸興] region in December 1080. And autonomous yet subordinate villages were destroyed by the Jurchen-based Wananbu[完顔部] forces. The Goryeo forces were not able to counteract the Jurchen forces' invasions successfully at Jeongju[定州] area and had to suffer repeated defeats in 1104. In December 1107, fortresses were constructed in areas like Yeongju[英州], Wungju[雄州], Bokju[福州] and Gilju[吉州]. Another fortresses were built in Hamju[咸州] and Gongheomjin[公嶮鎭] in February 1108. The government's original intention was to build these six fortresses. The Goryeo forces actually intended to construct both the six fortresses and the Gilju-gwan[吉州關] Pass in the form of the wall. The Long Fortress of Mt. Mawunryeong[磨雲嶺長城] confirmed in Shinjeung Dongguk Yeoji Seungram[『新增東國輿地勝覽』] is the remains of that facility. After loosing buffer areas, the Goryeo government decided to employ this policy which would enable them to rule the border regions directly. On March of the year 1108, the Goryeo forces led by Yun Gwan[尹瓘] passed the region they originally planned to reach, and moved deep inside the Jurchen territory. They established Pyeongyungin[平戎鎭] fortress and established additional presence in the area of Seonju[宜州] and Tongtaejin[通泰鎭]. After completing the construction of the nine fortresses throughout couple of stages, Yun Gwan and Oh Yeon Chong were honored with meritorious titles and governmental positions, and then honorarily returned to the Gaegyeong capital. The celebration of their return symbolized the successful completion of the frontier campaign. It also marked the beginning of the idea of “(Yun Gwan's) Nine Fortresses”. Yet military conflicts with the Jurchen troops under the Wananbu leadership continued to worsen. The Goryeo forces tried to reinforce their defenses by constructing additional fortresses like Sungnyeongjin[崇寧鎭], Jinyangjin[眞陽鎭] and Seonhwajin[宣化鎭]. But Gongheomjin[公嶮鎭] and Pyeongyungjin[平戎鎭] fell to the attack of the Wananbu forces. The Goryeo dynasty had to share borders with Wananbu through the Wall, due to the failure of constructing fortresses. The Wall[長城] construction associated with new JuJin-based fortress in the northeastern border was proceeded by stages. It was an offensive strategy that accompanied a few battles. The Goryeo dynasty had enlarged it's power for Jurchens lived in the nearby border. The outskirt households[蕃戶] located at the Wall side area were started to be registered by the Goryeo government. And some of Jurchen villages were newly designated as the autonomous yet subordinate villages[羈縻州] of the Goryeo dynasty. Standard administrative procedures were registration of households, designation of the Ju title, and the bestowal of the Jugi[朱記] certificate. The autonomous yet subordinate village such as Wigaeju[威鷄州] had been managed at the northeastern border in 1038. And It was expanded in 1073. Autonomous yet subordinate villages named with one letter[一字名 羈縻州]-such as Gongju[恭州], Onju[溫州], Seongju[誠州], and Seongju[城州]-had been designated at that time. This policy of the Goryeo dynasty means that autonomous yet subordinate village named with one letter was treated nominally on the same footing with Ju[州] of the Goryeo dynasty. But it was variable by the trend of Jurchen villages and chiefs of Jurchen tribes. The Goryeo dynasty was faced with resistance of Jurchen people lived at Hamheung[咸興] region in December 1080. And autonomous yet subordinate villages were destroyed by the Jurchen-based Wananbu[完顔部] forces. The Goryeo forces were not able to counteract the Jurchen forces' invasions successfully at Jeongju[定州] area and had to suffer repeated defeats in 1104. In December 1107, fortresses were constructed in areas like Yeongju[英州], Wungju[雄州], Bokju[福州] and Gilju[吉州]. Another fortresses were built in Hamju[咸州] and Gongheomjin[公嶮鎭] in February 1108. The government's original intention was to build these six fortresses. The Goryeo forces actually intended to construct both the six fortresses and the Gilju-gwan[吉州關] Pass in the form of the wall. The Long Fortress of Mt. Mawunryeong[磨雲嶺長城] confirmed in Shinjeung Dongguk Yeoji Seungram[『新增東國輿地勝覽』] is the remains of that facility. After loosing buffer areas, the Goryeo government decided to employ this policy which would enable them to rule the border regions directly. On March of the year 1108, the Goryeo forces led by Yun Gwan[尹瓘] passed the region they originally planned to reach, and moved deep inside the Jurchen territory. They established Pyeongyungin[平戎鎭] fortress and established additional presence in the area of Seonju[宜州] and Tongtaejin[通泰鎭]. After completing the construction of the nine fortresses throughout couple of stages, Yun Gwan and Oh Yeon Chong were honored with meritorious titles and governmental positions, and then honorarily returned to the Gaegyeong capital. The celebration of their return symbolized the successful completion of the frontier campaign. It also marked the beginning of the idea of “(Yun Gwan's) Nine Fortresses”. Yet military conflicts with the Jurchen troops under the Wananbu leadership continued to worsen. The Goryeo forces tried to reinforce their defenses by constructing additional fortresses like Sungnyeongjin[崇寧鎭], Jinyangjin[眞陽鎭] and Seonhwajin[宣化鎭]. But Gongheomjin[公嶮鎭] and Pyeongyungjin[平戎鎭] fell to the attack of the Wananbu forces. The Goryeo dynasty had to share borders with Wananbu through the Wall, due to the failure of constructing fortresses.

Color-Word Interference 發達에 관한 硏究

宋容德 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육심리학과 1969 心理硏究 Vol.- No.10

논문 : 고려전기 국경지역의 주진(州鎭)성편제

송용덕 ( Yong Deok Song ) 서울대학교 국사학과 2005 韓國史論 Vol.51 No.-

Testicular Feminixation Syndrome의 1예

송용덕(YD Song),최호용(HY Choi),남상익(SI Nam),장윤석(YS Chang) 대한산부인과학회 1967 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.10 No.8

A case of Testicular Feminization Syndrome, who is an essentially normal-appearing woman, and have undescended testes instead of ovaries, is presented.

高麗後期 邊境地域 변동과 鴨綠江 沿邊認識의 형성

宋容德(Song Yong-deok) 역사학회 2009 역사학보 Vol.0 No.201

JuㆍJin(州鎭)-based fortresses of the Goryeo dynasty were destroyed by Mongol troops. Residents of those JuㆍJin-based fortresses were deported to nearby islands, or the Seo-Gyeonggi(西京畿) and Seohae-do(西海道) regions. After Goryeo and Mongol officials agreed to a cease-fire, many of the Goryeo JuㆍJin fortresses returned to their original locations. But the area was not going to serve as the border for Goryeo, any longer. Yalu(鴨綠江) river's estuary was no longer the border area between Goryeo and Yuan. In 1276, Yuan government made a decision to separate Jeong-ju(靜州), Eui-ju(義州), In-ju(麟州) and Wiweon-jin(威遠鎭), all local units located in the east part of Yalu, and placed them under the authority of Posuo-fu(婆娑府, which was located in the west part of Yalu). And officials of Yuan made an attempt to transport timbers of Mt, Baekdu-san(白頭山) via water of the Yalu river. A traffic route across the middle area of the river was also used. Many Goryeo people left their home towns because of the assaults of Mongol troops, and many of them moved into Yuan territory. They settled down in regions such as Liaoyang(遼陽), Shenyang(瀋陽) and Kaiyuan(開元). With their presence established in Manchuria(滿洲), the extent of Goryeo people's recognition of the northern region began to expand. In the meantime, the south coast of the Korean Peninsula became a battlefield as well. Yuan Officials considered the Habpo(合浦) area very important, as it was a strategically important place for the japanese campaign. Mongol troops were stationed at Habpo in 1271, and the Jinbyeon Manho-bu(鎭邊萬戶府) command center was established on the seaboard of Gyeongsang(慶尙), Jeonra(全羅) provinces. King Chungryeol-wang(忠烈王) tried to build fortresses at the seaboard. When Yuan started to collapse rather rapidly, the northern part of Goryo once again became a hotbed of activities. King Gongmin-wang(恭愍王) ordered assaults over the Yalu areas. And people of Goryeo were sent to live at the riverside of Yalu, Guard posts called Guja(口子) were established alongside the riverbank of Yalu as well.

1107~1109년 고려의 葛懶甸 지역 축성과 ‘尹瓘 9城’ 인식

宋容德(Song Yong Deok) 고려사학회 2011 한국사학보 Vol.- No.43