현대 헤어디자인에 표현된 비선형적 특성에 관한 연구

라숙자 ( Suk Ja Ra ),송연숙 ( Yeon Sook Song ) 대한미용문화예술학회 2013 대한미용문화예술학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Taking such new paradigm of the current century into account, this paper intends to summarize the theory on analyzing nonlinear method expressed in the modern hair design. Significance of such intension can be found in the expanded area of expressing the design of converted viewpoint by suggesting the applicability of diversified hair designs. The subjects raised by this study can be summarized as below: First of all, characteristics and concept of the nonlinear are reviewed by Fractal Geometry and Chaos Theory, the most typical theory of nonlinear and the design principle is analogized as a formative theory of nonlinear. Next step is to examine how the design principle analogized applied to other fields and finally the aesthetic characteristics of the nonlinear found in the modern hair design are to be analyzed by the visual material provided herein. According to the theory of the complexity science, lots of new languages that did not exist before were found to have been created. Certain rules contained in such new languages, however, were found in the complicated structures and the principle was applied by various ways through public art. Some areas which could not be expressed due to the restriction by analytical approach to the design can now by interpreted by concept and this study makes following conclusion: First, fractal structure in hair design was generated by nature and it developed and changed to carry characteristics of scale change and it can be explained in a way of introducing a concept of self organization by Mandelbrot Set and algorithm. Monotonousness is perceived due to the repeated same structure but sense of rhythm and movement were given by time and spatial interconnection to apply to the hair design motive. Second principle of thermodynamics of Cathos theory carries mostly dynamic structure having a nature of change in the energy flow and it performs organic communication by time and spatial interconnection. Second, self similar structure or topology by feedback as a structure of self similarity between the whole and part establishes a form of topological change by repeated change, topological change was also found in the nonlinear structure of a status space dimension by movement of an attractor sensible with initial condition. Indication of topology change by such expansion and reduction is comparatively stable structure but it can be explained by distortion. Third, movement of center by the repeated kinetic energy forms an asymmetric structure showing instability to make dynamic form and it is also expressed by non predictable phenomena. Non prediction carries irregular form by strong texture of cut, which has been applied from de-constructivism and it can be regarded to be of self similarity of the whole and part. In particular, it shows irreversible non predictable phenomena and also the trend of acumination.

안경원의 전략적 관계형성에 관한 연구

김정식(Jeong Sik Kim),송연숙(Yeon Suk Song),강향녀(Hwang Yoo Kang) 한국안광학회 1999 한국안광학회지 Vol.4 No.2

Strategic relationship is a new paradigm in which the efficiency and effectiveness of a store`s operation can be achieved through developing relationship with other organizations. Even competitors can be relationship partner in this context. Conclusion can be made that one way to achieve competitive advantage is to engage in strategic relationship with other organizations who can provide additional resources in various stores.

유치원 수준별 교육과정 평가척도 개발 방향 모색

황해익(Hwang Hae-Ik),김석우(Kim Suk Woo),송연숙(Song Yeon Sook),이경화(Lee Kyeong-Hwa),정혜영(Jung-Hye Yong),손원경(Son Won Kyoung),명선우(Myung Sun Woo) 한국열린유아교육학회 2001 열린유아교육연구 Vol.6 No.3

본 연구는 「유치원 교육활동 지도자료」에 나타난 수준별 교육활동을 분석하고 수준별 교육과정의 운영실태 및 교사의 인식에 대하여 조사하여, 이를 바탕으로 유치원에서의 수준별 교육과정 평가척도를 개발하기 위한 방향을 모색하고자 하였다. 지도자료에 제시되어 있는 수준별 활동의 경향을 분석한 결과, 수준별 활동의 생활영역별 교육내용에 따른 분포와 교육과정의 내용영역이니 생활주제 그리고 활동의 유형별로 활동 수준이 편중되어 제시된 경향이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 175명의 유아교사를 대상으로 유치원 수준별 교육과정의 운영실태 분석 결과 소속기관(공립과 사립 유치원)에 따라 일부 문항에서 유의한 차이기 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또 지도자료 분석과 운영실태분석 결과를 토대로 평가척도 개발을 위한 방안이 모색되었다. The purpose of this study was to explores the preliminary study on the development of assessment scale for the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. Research questions are as followings. First, what is the trend of differentiated activities in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉. Second, what are the opinions and suggestions of early childhood professionals about management and perception of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. Third, what and how co develop the assessment scale for the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten. For this first purpose, the meaning and practical problems of differentiated curriculum in kindergarten were explored, and the differentiated activities in terms of content area, life subject, and activity type in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉 were statistically analyzed. For second and third purpose, the questionnaire of the management and perceptions of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten was collected and statistically analyzed. Findings of the study are as follows: First, in terms of the content area of differentiated activities in 〈the guide for educational activities and materials for kindergarten〉, Ⅰ level activities were shown 44.2%, and Ⅱ level activities were shown 55.8%. The frequency of Ⅱ level activities were higher than Ⅰ level activities in four content area except health and physical area. Second, In terms of the questionnaire of the management and perceptions of the differentiated curriculum of kindergarten, it was shown that early childhood professionals recognized strong necessity of the differentiated curriculum. This differentiated curriculum of kindergarten were tended co be useful co their instruction. Several educational implications and suggestions were discussed.

담즙산 합성유도체(HS-1200)가 인체 유방암 세포주(MCF-7)에서 유도하는 방사선 감작 효과

이형식(Hyung Sik Lee),최영민(Young Min Choi),권혁찬(Hyuk Chan Kwon),송연숙(Yeon Suk Song) 대한방사선종양학회 2004 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.22 No.2

목 적: 인체 유방암 세포주인 MCF-7에 새로운 CDCA 합성유도체인 HS-1200을 방사선과 함께 처치하여 아포토시 스 유도 활성 및 방사선 감작 효과를 관찰하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: MCF-7 세포에 2∼8 Gy의 X-ray와 16μM 농도의 HS-1200을 처리한 세포들의 세포 생존 곡선을 clonogenic assay를 통하여 구하였다. 아포토시스 유도 확인은 8 Gy의 X-ray와 40μM 농도의 HS-1200을 전 처치하여 구한 agarose gel 전기영동 및 Hoechst staining을 이용하였다. 면역형광법을 이용한 cytochrome c, Bax 및 AIF들의 관찰과 미토콘드리아 막전위 측정을 시행하였다. Western blotting을 통한 PARP (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase) cleavage, Bax, Bcl-2, Bak 및 AIF 들의 발현을 관찰하였다. 결 과: 2∼8 Gy의 X-ray를 조사한 군(R)과 HS-1200 처리 후 2∼8 Gy의 X-ray를 조사 한 군(HR)의 세포 생존 곡선을 비교하니 HR 군에서 세포 감작 효과를 관찰할 수 있었다. DNA ladder는 R군에서는 72 시간째 관찰되는 반면에 HR 군에서는 24시간째 관찰되어 DNA 분절이 빠르게 진행됨을 알 수 있었고, PARP cleavage의 관찰에서도 R 군에 비해 24시간 빠르게 진행되었다. 면역 형광법을 이용한 실험에서도 HR 군이 R 군에 비하여 미토콘드리아 막전위(ΔΨm)의 급격한 감소, cytochrome의 다량 방출, Bax의 증가된 점상 변화 등이 관찰되었고, AIF의 변화는 뚜렷하 지 않았다. Western blotting을 이용한 Bax, Bcl-2, Bak 및 AIF들의 발현을 관찰하였을 때 Bax 만 HR 군에서 시간대별로 증가되는 추세를 보인 반면 Bcl-2, Bak 및 AIF들의 발현은 특이한 차이를 발견할 수 없었다. 결 론: 인체 유방암 세포주(MCF-7)에서 새로운 담즙산 합성 유도체인 HS-1200은 방사선 조사에 의한 아포토시스의 유도를 감작시키는 사실을 관찰하였다. 아포토시스 유도감작 증가는 Bax/Bcl-2 분율의 상대적 증가로 기인한다고 생각한다. 상기 결과를 토대로 HS-1200의 항암 치료제로서의 역할에 관한 기초 자료로서의 유용성을 제시할 수 있었다. Purpose: To examine whether a synthetic bile acid derivatives (HS-1200) sensitizes the radiation-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) and to investigate the underlying mechanism. Materials and Methods: Human breast cancer cells (MCF-7) in exponential growth phase were treated with HS-1200 for 24 hours at 37oC with 5% CO2 in air atmosphere. After removal of HS-1200, cells were irradiated with 2∼8 Gy X-ray, and then cultured in drug-free media for 24-96 hours. The effect of radiation on the clonogenicity of MCF-7 cells was determined with clonogenic cell survival assay with 16μM of HS-1200. The induction of apoptosis was determined using agarose gel electrophoresis and Hoechst staining. The expression level of apoptosis-related molecules, such as PARP, Bax, Bcl-2, Bak and AIF, were assayed by Western blotting analysis with 40μM of HS-1200 combined with 8 Gy irradiation. To examine the cellular location of cytochrome c, bax and AIF immunofluorescent stainings were undertaken Results: Treatment of MCF-7 cells with 40μM of HS-1200 combined with 8 Gy irradiation showed severalchanges associated with enhanced apoptosis by agarose gel electrophoresis and Hoechst staining. HS-1200combined with 8 Gy irradiation treatment also enhanced production of PARP cleavage products and increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio by Western blotting. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and increased cytochromec staining indicated that cytochrome c had been released from the mitochondria in HS-1200 treated cells. Conclusion: We demonstrated that combination treatment with a synthetic chenodeoxycholic acid derivative HS-1200 and irradiation enhanced radiation-induced apoptosis of human breast cancer cells (MCF-7). We suggest that the increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in HS-1200 co-treatment group underlies the increased radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cells. Further futures studies are remained elusive.