월드컵공원 자연생태계 모니터링을 통한 생태적 관리방안

손병도,이경재 한국환경생태학회 2004 한국환경생태학회 학술대회지 Vol.2004 No.1

東アジア共同體-强大化する中國と日本の戰略

손병해 경북대학교 경제경영연구소 2007 經商論集 Vol.34 No.1

環境 관련 貿易政策의 厚生效果와 地城經濟統合

孫炳海 慶北大學校 經濟經營硏究所 2000 經商論集 Vol.28 No.1

經濟統合과 多國籍企業의 海外直接投資

孫炳海 慶北大學校 1997 經商論集 Vol.25 No.1

國際經營環境의 變化와 韓國經濟

孫炳海 경북대학교 경상대학 1986 經商論叢 Vol.10 No.-

地域主義와 世界厚生

孫炳海 한국비교경제학회 1996 비교경제연구 Vol.4 No.-

지역특성과 경제통합 유형에 관한 고찰

손병해,심승진 慶北大學校 經濟經營硏究所 1996 經商論集 Vol.24 No.2

EC의 共同貿易政策과 國際貿易秩序

孫炳海,鄭淳太 경북대학교 경제경영연구소 1990 經商論集 Vol.18 No.4

Since the Customs Union established in 1968. The European Communtiy has practiced a common external commercial policy in order to promote integration of the internal market and to support the function of the common market. This common external commercial policy has been drived in the from of unfying individual trade policy of member states into the Community's common trade policy, and its purposes are to liberalize internal trade and to expand external trade. However, as the international competitive power of the EC industry fell behind that of America and Japan, the EC's common commercial policy has been used as a means of potection for the comunity's industry. As a result, the EC's common external commercial policy has been seen to outsiders as a type of collective protectionism and as a representation of regionalism to threaten the world-wide free trade system. On the other hand, the contents of common commercial policy has diverse characteristics in itself, becaus it is directed by the common import regulation policy and the common agricultural policy as well as the external trade association policy in overseas market. The instruments of the common external commercial policy are various like as common external tariffs, safeguard measurment, anti-dumping regulations, and new measurement of import restrictions. Each instrument of the policy has an important influences not only on internal trade of the community but also on world wide trade flow, especially, on international trade order. Accordingly, Korea's strategy toward the EC market should be directed not by country to country market basis but by regional market approach in response to this community's common external commercial policy.

歐洲共同體에 있어서 經濟統合의 成果와 展望 : 關稅同盟과 域內貿易構造의 變化를 中心으로 Centering around Customs Union and Transition of Trade Patterns

孫炳海 慶北大學校 1979 論文集 Vol.28 No.-

The main purpose of this paper is to study some of the economic results created by customs union in the EC, To carry out this purpose, some theoretical effects of customs union has been examined in this paper such as trade creating effect, trade diverting effect, trade extension, enlargement of competition and structural evolution of specialization. As an early stage of the common market when the Rome treaty was signed, one expected that a great economic effect in various field above mentioned, would be result from a customs union which eliminate all tariffs and quotas on trade among its members, and to establish a common tariff on import from outside the union. Actually such expectation came true, in the course of establishment of common market during last two decades as the results of following respects. First, in considering the trade enlargement effect of the community, we note that intra-EC trade came up to 50% of total EC trade in 1976 as compared with 30% in 1958. Rapide increase in intra-EC trade like this is caused by trade creation effect. Second, according to the findings of B. Balassa we note that gross trade creation effect of the EC is 0.3 as compaired with zero of trade diversion effect during 1958─70. The trade creation effect is dominant over trade diverting effect in the EC. This trade creation effect was resulted by characteristic of the community that the national economics of member countries are much more competitive than they are complementary. Third, the removal of barriers and the creation of a large, free market in the Community has permited industries to adopt more efficient mass production methods which would not have been profitable when producing for limited national market. In this regard the main constructive economic effect of the common Market is that the market for manufactured goods within six countries is become more dynamically competitive than it has been in the past. An actual proof on dynamic competitive progress has been discussed by Ykijawoa, Japanise economist who examined the transition of the largest market share commodities in each member countries, and B. Balassa who has examined the rank correlation among six countries. The last, at early stage of the customs union, the community has already a horizontal division of labour pattern in manufacturing industry. Then this one is deepened and spreded to almost all sub-sectoral industries, except agriculture, after complete customs union in 1968. The horizontal specialization however in heavy industrial sector is not complete until althought great progress has shown since 1958. Accordingly, within any broad class of products especially in heavy industrial sector, there is considerable room for specialization, for product differentiating, and for development of efficiencies. In short, to the extent that the products of the member countries are nearly identical, the common market will fuffil its very important economic function of enhancing competition and encouraging the growth of optimum sized productive units capable of meeting largger demands at lower units costs.

식량과 국가위기의 역학관계 연구

손병도 ( Byeong-do Son ) 한국정책연구원 2019 한국정책논집 Vol.19 No.2

우리 인간은 먹지 못하면 사망에 도달할 수 밖에 없다. 인간이 먹는 것을 식량이라 하는데, 이 식량이 없다면 국민들의 굶주림으로 국가는 심각한 위기에 직면할 것이며, 멸망하게 될 것이다. 본 연구는 국가위기에 있어서 식량으로 인한 기아사태를 대비하기 위하여 사전적 원인분석 등 대안정책을 마련하는 이론적인 국가위기 대처에 목적을 두고 있다. 현재 우리의 식량사정은 어떠한지? 전 세계적으로도 마찬가지이겠지만 우리나라는 온난화로 인한 기상이변, 인구고령화, 개발논리로 인한 농지감소 그리고 급격한 농어촌인구 감소로 인한 농촌피폐, 쇠약한 농업기반의 불투명한 관리상태 등 식량위기의 징후가 속속 등장하고 있는데도 불구하고 식량위기에 대한 우리의 인식은 모두가 무지하다. 국민 모두가 그렇고 학계, 정계, 정부까지도 식량위기에 대하여 관심도 없고 가벼이 보는 경향이 상당수 있으며 그렇다할 정책도 없는 형편이다. 현재 우리나라가 식량 자급률은 21.7%에 불과하여 80%정도를 외국에서 구입하여 먹고사는 나라로 OECD(경제협력개발기구) 37개 국가 회원국 중 꼴찌수준에 있는 아주 취약한 상태, 즉 식량위기 조짐이 심각한 국가로 위치해 있는데도 불구하고 모두가 무감각이다. 이 무지와 무감각이 가장 핵심적인 국가위기가 아닌가 생각된다. 이에 대하여 본 연구에서는 국민들의 이해를 돕기 위하여 우리의 식량수급 동향을 살펴보고, 여기에 대한 문제점을 발굴하고, 이 문제점에 대하여 정책적 제안을 하며 식량과 국가위기의 역학관계를 쉽게 구성 설명하여 보았다. 이 국가적 차원의 식량위기는 어느 시점에서의 문제만이 아니라 영구적인 사안으로 계속하여 연구 논의되어야 할 것이다. We humans can't help but reach death if we don't eat. What humans eat is called food, and without this food, the nation will face a serious crisis due to its people's hunger and will be destroyed. The purpose of this study is to prepare alternative policies such as proactive cause analysis to prepare for starvation caused by food in a national crisis. How is our food situation now? The same may be true of the world, but our perception of the food crisis is all ignorance despite the growing signs of a food crisis, such as climate change caused by global warming, aging population, a decrease in farmland due to development logic, a rapid decrease in the farming and fishing population, and an opaque management of the country's weak agricultural base. The public, academia, political circles, and even the government, are not interested in the food crisis, and there are many people who tend to take it lightly, and there are no policies to do so. Korea currently has only 21.7 percent of its food self-sufficiency rate, which is 80 percent purchased and eaten from abroad, and everyone is insensitive, even though it is located at the bottom of the 37 OECD member states, namely the food crisis. I think this ignorance and insensibility are the most important national crisis. In this study, we looked at the trends of food supply and demand in order to help the people understand, discovered the problems, made policy suggestions on these issues, and easily explained the dynamics of food and national crisis. This national food crisis should continue to be studied and discussed as a permanent issue, not just at some point.