한국교육행정에서 자율성의 의미 구조

성병창(Sung, Byung-chang) 한국교육행정학회 2016 敎育行政學硏究 Vol.34 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 한국의 교육행정(학)에서 자율성의 의미가 어떻게 사용되고 있는 지를 파악하고자 한다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구에서는 Inward-out 방식을 사용하였다. 분석 틀은 개념적 의미, 맥락적 의미, 실천적 의미이다. 개념적 의미 분석에서 사용한 분석 기준은 가치(목적적 대 수단적), 의지(소극적 대 적극적), 범위(구속적 대 자유적), 내용(본질적 대 절차적)이며, 이의 분석 기준에 따라 자율성의 개념적 의미를 파악하였다. 다음으로 맥락적 의미를 파악하였는데, 이는 한국의 교육행정계에서 자율성이 어떻게 요구되고 주장되어 왔는지에 초점을 두고 그 의미를 살펴보았다. 한국에서 자율성 의미는 민주화, 분권화 및 지역화, 신자유주의, 전문화의 맥락에서 주요하게 사용되어 왔고, 이의 맥락에서 자율성이 어떤 의미를 갖고 있었는지를 파악하였다. 그리고 최종적으로 개념적 의미와 맥락적 의미의 결합으로 실천적 의미를 살펴보았다. 한국에서 사용되고 있는 자율성의 실천적 의미에서 나타난 주요한 특징은 ‘수단적 자율성으로서 자유’, ‘소극적 자율성으로서 분권’, ‘구속적 자율성으로서 자기 결정’, ‘절차적 자율성으로서 자기 책임’으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is to find what is the meaning of autonomy being used in educational administration in Korea. Meaning analysis methods used in this study was used Inward-out manner, the framework was utilizing the contextual meaning and practical meaning. In analysis of conceptual meaning, value(purposeful versus instrumental), will(active versus passive), scope(binding versus freeing), content(essential versus procedural) used to the standards. In analysis of contextual meaning, how the autonomy is claimed and required by the education of Korea was the background of the meaning. The background is set to democratization, decentralization and localization, neoliberalism, and specialization. And finally practical meaning was derived by conceptual meaning and contextual meaning. As a practical sense of autonomy in Korea it was characterized mainly by freedom as instrumental autonomy, decentralization as a passive autonomy, self-determination as binding autonomy and self-responsibility as procedural autonomy.

학교조직 구조 진단을 위한 질문 개발과 활용

성병창(Byung-chang Sung) 한국지방교육경영학회 2012 지방교육경영 Vol.16 No.2

본 연구는 학교조직구조 진단을 위한 도구 개발의 기초적 작업인 질문 개발과 그 활용의 예를 제시하고자 한다. 질문 개발의 방식에서 본 연구에서는 관련 문헌을 바탕으로 하는 논리적 도출 방식을 활용하였다. 구체적인 과정으로는 학교조직구조의 기본 요소와 관련 핵심 준거 및 개념을 바탕으로 학교조직구조 진단의 핵심적인 내용을 질문의 형태로 제시하고자 하였다. 그리고 학교의 특성에 따라 다양하게 활용할 수 있는 기본 질문의 예를 제시하였다. 그 결과, 학교조직구조의 기본 요소로 직위체제, 부문체제, 통제체제, 권한배분체제로 구분하고, 직위체제는 직무전문화와 행동의 공식화, 부문체제는 부문화, 통제체제는 통합화와 계층화, 그리고 권한배분체제는 분권화가 핵심 개념으로 도출되었다. 도출된 개념적 수준별로 주요 진단 질문들을 개발하였다. 마지막으로 학교에 따라 활용할 수 있는 질문의 예를 제시하였다. 이 연구는 기본적으로 학교조직구조 진단을 위한 기초적인 작업인 관계로 추후 보다 심층적이고 타당성 있는 도구의 개발이 요구된다고 하겠다. The purpose of this study is the development of the tools for the diagnosis of the school organizational structure. The basic tasks are a questionary development and an example of its application. Questions in the way of the development of this study utilized were derived on the basis of the relevant literature in a logical way. As a result, the basic elements of the organizational structure of the school were position system, department systems, control systems, and power distribution system. The position system included job specialization and formalization, the department system included departmentation, the control system included integration and class including status, role, and position, and the power distribution system included decentralization as key concepts. Derived conceptual questions were developed as a major diagnostic level. Finally, the presented example of the questions can be utilized according to the school. This study basically is the fundamental task for the diagnosis of the school organizational structure than in-depth and feasible tool.

부산 지역의 교육균형실태 분석

성병창(Byung-chang Sung) 한국지방교육경영학회 2013 지방교육경영 Vol.17 No.2

이 논문의 목적은 부산지역의 교육균형실태 분석을 통해 발전 방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해서 이 논문에서는 교육균형지표를 제시하고, 이에 따라 부산 지역 교육균형 실태를 분석하였다. 실태 분석의 자료는 부산광역시 교육청의 최근 내부통계지자료와 부산광역시의 사회조사 통계 자료를 활용하였다. 이 자료들은 부산광역시에서 전수 통계의 성격을 가지고 있다. 이러한 자료의 활용을 통해 분석한 결과는 교육지원청간에 그리고 자치구별간에 심각한 격차가 나타나고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 동서간의 격차 못지 않게 자치구별간에 교육격차가 심각하게 나타나고 있었다. 이러한 격차의 해소를 통해 부산의 교육균형발전을 위해서는 우선적으로 교육균형의 지표 개발을 통해 지속적 연구자료의 축적이 요구되고, 이를 바탕으로 역차별적인 정책을 과감하게 강구할 필요가 있다. The purpose of this study suggest ways to what Busan is the balanced development of education. In order to achieve this objective, this study proposes an education balanced development indicators, and accordingly empirical (statistical) data is to identify with the situation. Identification of this situation through the balanced development of education in Busan is to propose ways. The materials used in this study, the internal statistics of the Department of Education and social survey data of Busan. According to the survey situation, a significant gap appears to education support office, and by the district has also shown serious gaps. In order to solve this education gap, Busan Office of Education need to run aggressively to promote those presented in this study.

교사의 가치관 측정 도구 개발

성병창(Sung, Byung-Chang),김용정(Kim, Yong-Jung) 한국교육사상연구회 2008 敎育思想硏究 Vol.22 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 교사의 가치관을 측정하기 위한 도구를 개발하고자 하는데 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌연구를 통해 교사의 가치관 영역과 요소를 도출하였다. 도출된 교사의 가치관 영역과 요소별로 문항을 개발하였고, 영역 및 요소별 문항들에 대해 전문가집단의 문항적합성 검토를 통해 34개의 예비문항을 구성하였다. 예비문항을 통해 요인분석을 실시하였다. 요인추출 모델은 최대우도방법을 택하였으며, 요인수의 결정은 Velice의 MAP방법을 사용하였다. 이러한 방법을 통해 요인의 수를 11개로 결정하고, 각 요인들의 특성에 따라 영역과 요소들을 명명하였다. 이러한 과정을 통해 개발된 측정도구는 행복관(장수중시형, 재산중시형, 지위중시형), 자연관(종속지향성, 조화지향성), 시간관(과거지향성, 미래지향성), 활동관(현실만족형, 인격수련형), 인간관계관(공동체지향성, 개인지향성)으로 구성되었다. 이 측정도구는 타당성과 신뢰성을 지닌 것으로 교사의 가치관 경향을 체계적으로 파악하는 데에 주요하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다. This study attempts to develop teachers' Value Orientation Questionnaire (TVOQ). For this purpose, teachers' value orientation consisted of 5 scope and 16 elements through literature review. To validate preliminary examination items, 42 items developed by focus group with knowledge and experience about teacher value orientation. Factor analysis applied to model extracting factors. Number of factors determined of 11 by Velice's MAP. The final result of this study can be summarized as follows. 1) 34 items and scale on teachers' value orientation were constructed by on the level of item discrimination. The final items categorized by the five dominion. 2) The final factors were the view for happiness, universality, time, actuality, and human relationship. The view for happiness were constituted of longevity-oriented, property-oriented, and status-oriented. Universality were constituted of dependency and harmony oriented. Time were constituted of the past and future oriented. Actuality were constituted of reality satisfaction and character training. Human relationship were constituted of community-oriented and individuality-oriented.

현행 지방교육자치제도의 주요 쟁점 탐색

성병창(Byung-chang Sung) 한국지방교육경영학회 2011 지방교육경영 Vol.15 No.3

이 논문은 현행 지방교육자치제도에서 쟁점이 되고 있는 내용 중에서 2014년에 개정이 이루어져야 하는 항목 중심으로 살펴보고, 그 개선 방안을 탐색해보고자 하는 목적을 지니고 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 우선 지방교육자치제의 본질에 대해 우선 살펴보고, 현행 제도에서의 쟁점 사항을 중심으로 문제점과 개선 방안을 탐색해보고자 한다. 그 결과 지방교육자치제도의 본질은 개념적 수준과 법률적 수준에서 살펴보았다. 지방교육자치제도의 본질에 근거해서 현행 지방교육자치제도의 문제점은 정치선거와의 동시선거로 인한 문제점, 교육감 자격 및 권한에 대한 문제점, 교육감과 교육의원 선거상의 문제점, 교육의결 기관으로써의 교육위원회 구성과 운영 등에서의 문제점을 제시하였다. 이러한 문제점을 극복할 수 있는 방안으로는 교육선거와 정치선거의 분리 실시, 교육감 선출방식에 대한 심도 있는 검토, 교육의원의 유지와 자격완화, 교육의원 선거구를 소선거구에서 중선거구로 전환하여야 함을 제시하였다. This study analyzed concept of the local educational autonomy on the basis of the local autonomy and educational autonomy in order to search problems and reforms the local educational autonomy system in korea. Problems of this system were founded by a double election of educational and political, election methods and election boundary of a educational member of the city assembly, organization of a board of education, qualifications and authority of the superintendent. Improvement of local autonomy system of education are as follows: The basic premise of improvement is to meet the educational value of nature and autonomy of the unit based on wide area. First, educational election should consider separating the political parties election. Second, the superintendent in-depth review of how election is required. Third, the superintendent shall be maintained in the current eligibility requirements. Fourth, the school board should be independent organization. Fifth, the current education system, as members should be maintained. Sixth, educational member of city assembly shall be elected to switch middle-size in small-size.

내신 성적에 의한 일반계고등학교 입학전형방법에 관한 교사와 학생 인식 분석

성병창(Byung-Chang SUNG),박소영(So-Young PARK) 한국수산해양교육학회 2008 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.20 No.3

The aim of this study is to survey and analyze the recognition of teachers and students about methods for entering general high school. For this study, firstly current methods for entering general high school of 16 offices of education were compared and analyzed. Secondly recognition of teachers in middle school or high school and of students in middle school about methods for entering general high school were surveyed and analyzed. Major consequences of this study are as follows: Firstly, most teachers preferred the method by both school life records and the entrance test but most students preferred the method by school life records. Secondly, teachers recognized the difference of school life records according to sex and school and the decrese of academic achievement from decrese of motive for studies as serious problems of general high school entrance method by school life records. Thirdly, students recognized competition among students in the same school and the difference of school life records according to sex as serious problems of general high school entrance method by school life records.

초임교사 교직 적응을 위한 지원 방안

성병창(Byung-chang SUNG) 한국수산해양교육학회 2007 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.19 No.2

This study is to find ways of support for beginning teacher induction in elementary school with constructing model of professional development. To achieve this purpose, this study reviewed significance of beginning teacher induction program, the bridge to life learning, and constructed the model of professional development for beginning. The final conclusion about ways of support as support intensity are orientation based on demanding of beginning teacher, bridge connection with veteran teacher, coordination of working conditions, collaboration among peer teacher, and strengthening computer network at week intensity level. At strong intensity level, the ways of support for beginning teacher are institutionalization on election and training of mentor, institutionalization on compulsory induction for 1 year, development and operation of teacher education center, and furtherance of school learning organization.

학교장 리더십 연수프로그램 개선을 위한 요구조사 분석

성병창 ( Byung Chang Sung ),이용탁 ( Yoeng Taak Lee ) 한국인적자원관리학회 2012 인적자원관리연구 Vol.19 No.1

Once a person is hired as the principal after taking the principal qualification training, he or she is not subjected to any disadvantages with respect to his or her status, or any other ill-treatment, even if he or she does not receive any further in-service training for professional development. Hence, the absence of a systemic mechanism to make the principals invest time and effort in professional development, school principals`` participation in in-service training programs remains very low, if such programs get operational, at all. One of the programs for school principals`` professional development is job training designed to improve their performance in carrying out their occupational tasks. However, principals`` participation in the program is not mandatory, so that participation rate remains low. There is no standard curriculum, development of systematic programs is weak, and most of the programs are short-term training with the duration of one to two days, under 30 hours. The purpose of this study aims to investigate the in-service training of principal leadership on the theoretical basis, to inquire operation for the training system of principal leadership. Based on literature review, a survey questionnaire of 4 category were developed for distribution to subjects. 2,000 survey sheets were distributed to principals of school, 725(36.3%) of which were received and treated for frequency and cross-tab analysis using SpssWin statistical package. It was also shared among those principals that a new in-service training system should be developed which would promote principals to develop professional development in the teaching and learning implementation. Also, based on the findings, several implications were discussed.

초등학교들 간의 교사배구대회에 관한 인식

성병창(Byung-Chang SUNG),김달효(Dal-Hyo KIM) 한국수산해양교육학회 2019 水産海洋敎育硏究 Vol.31 No.2

This study analyzed the perception of teacher volleyball competitions among elementary schools that are raised as problems in elementary school sites. Specifically, we analyzed the impact of teacher volleyball competitions among elementary schools on the class, whether the original purpose of the teacher volleyball tournament is effective, and how the teacher volleyball tournament affects the school culture. As a research method for this, a survey was conducted on elementary school teachers and statistics were processed with the SPSSWIN 23.0 program. The results of the study showed that teachers who work in small schools and schools without less than 18 classes have a negative impact on class preparation and class concentration. There was also a perception that the effectiveness had a positive impact on the unity among teachers, but there was also a perception that teachers participated in stress, burden and coercive levels. In relation to school culture, it is revealed that a school atmosphere in which volleyball tournaments are given priority is created and an atmosphere in which a teacher who is good at volleyball is recognized is also created.

교육 공공성의 개념 체계와 정립 원리

성병창 ( Byung Chang Sung ) 한국초등교육학회 2007 초등교육연구 Vol.20 No.3

The purpose of this article is to find the meaning system based on the conceptual framework of educational publicness, and to inquire the basic principles based on meaning system. Educational publicness made use of the framework that consisted of the goal for public good, the object which of the general public with approvable difference, the content developing public knowledge production, and the cost which was on cost expansion and fairness distribution for right of education. Principles strengthening the educational publicness based on conceptual framework, are on equality, universality, autonomy, and professionality.