성대구증과 궁형성대의 발성치료의 효과 -증 례 보 고-

남도현,최성희,최재남,최홍식,Nam, Do-Hyun,Choi, Seong-Hee,Choi, Jae-Nam,Choi, Hong-Shik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2005 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.16 No.1

The treatment of sulcus vocalis and vocal bowing has been commonly used Thyroplasty Type surgery or injection within vocal folds such as Teflon, silicone, collagen. However, and treatment has not been acquired satisfactory treatment effect. This study was conducted to demonstrate voice therapy effect using singer's vocal technique and respiratory training. 4 patients (1 male, 3 females) with sulcus vocalis or bowing, with or without scar were selected for this study and we compared with acoustic, aerodynamic measures and stroboscopy observation before and after voice therapy. The results showed that 1) case 1 (48yr, male) with sulcus vocalis decreased F0 (Fundamental Frequency), increase CQ(Close Quotient) and high degree of satisfaction but not improved voice quality after voice therapy. 2) case 2(19yrs, femal) with mild sulcus vocalis improved as normal voice quality after voice therapy. 3) case 3(38yrs, female) with functional bowing showed abnormalvocal contact before therapy whereas CQ was increased after voice therapy. 4) case 4(27yrs, female) with vocal atrophy and vocal bowing changed normal range of Fo and increased CQ after voice therapy. Even though contact area of both vocal folds was increased and lowered F0 after voice therapy, current outcomes revealed that normal voice quality was not regained. These results might signify that it was difficult that vocal folds couldn't be recovery of symmetry and viscoelastic property of mucosal wave through voice therapy. However, it was difficult for this study to maintain voice therapy so that evaluate effect of voice therapy for long-term. Further study will be needed to long-term follow-up for voice therapy with these patients.

후두위치의 변화에 따른 Singer's Formant와 성대접촉률의 변화 연구

남도현,최성희,최재남,전석필,최홍식,Nam, Do-Hyun,Choi, Seong-Hee,Choi, Jae-Nam,Chun, Suck-Pil,Choi, Hong-Shik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2004 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze the difference of Fundamental Frequency(Hz), Closed Quotient(Qx ; %), Intensity(dB), Vocal tract length and width(cm), formant frequency(Hz), level of formant frequency(dB) depending on the larynx position. Materials and Methods : One professional male singer(career : 28 years) produced sustained vowel /a/,/e/,/i/,/o/,/u/ in two larynx position (higher, lower) with Dr. Speech and video fluoroscopy was used to quantify the vocal tract morphology. Results : In lower larynx position, CQ is increased 9.8% and Intensity is increased about 10% and level of Formant Frequency is increased. And also Vocal tract length is longer 2.4cm, Vocal tract width(Anterior width : 0.4cm, lateral width : 0.2cm) is wider than in higher larynx position. Conclusions : Singer's formant has a prominent spectrum envelope peak near 2400-2600Hz by clustering of F3, F4 and F5 near 3400Hz in lower larynx position.

몽골 전통 발성 흐미의 발성 방법 분석에 대한 사례연구

남도현(Do Hyun Nam),백재연(Jae Yeon Paik),황연신(Yoen-Shin Hwang),최홍식(Hong-Shik Choi) 한국음성학회 2008 음성과학 Vol.15 No.3

The goal of this study was to investigate acoustic and physiologic characteristics of two phonation types of ‘Khoomei’ which is a traditional singing style of people who live around the Altai mountains or Mongolia region. It can be produced two pitches simultaneously - high melody pitch can be perceived along with a low drone pitch. Sygyt and kargyraa styles are the most popular and identifiable styles and they can be recognized as the different sounds depending on the method of voice production. Two trained Mongolians participated and have used at least 5 - 6 years. The characteristics of this voice production were measured by using flexible fiberscope, Stroboscopy, Lx Speech studio, Spead, and Doctor Speech. In Sygyt style, very high vocal fold closure (71.50%) with both true and false vocal folds contact and strong breathing support was observed. They also showed that tongue height and harmonics were increased (around 10dB) with resonance cavity movement. In contrast, it was found that Kargyraa sound had very low pitch with relaxed stomach, less laryngeal tension and lower vocal fold contact (69.50%) than hard Sygyt style sound without raising the tongue during phonation. ‘Khoomei’ phonation can be made by strong contact of both true and false vocal folds and by increasing the harmonics as well.

미국 증권거래법상 증권사기에 대한 주주의 사적 소권 범위 -Janus Capital Group Inc. v. First Derivative Traders 판례를 중심으로-

남도현 ( Do Hyun Nam ) 한국상사판례학회 2012 상사판례연구 Vol.25 No.4

Since 1994 the Supreme Court has decided three significant cases with respect to the private right of action under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The first case is Central Bank of Denver, N.A. v. First Interstate Bank of Denver in 1994 holding that section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 do not create an implied private cause of action for aiding and abetting, and the second case is Stoneridge Inv. Partners, LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc. in 2008, which reaffirmed its determination of Central Bank of Denver, holding that customers and suppliers of a company that issued fraudulent financial statements to its shareholders were not liable to those shareholders because those shareholders could not be said to have relied on any fraudulent conduct or speech on the part of the customers or suppliers. The Supreme Court, however, has not provided the guide to distinguish the primary liability for making a false or misleading statement from the liability of secondary actors. As securities fraud cases have increased in the aftermath of the economic crisis since 2008, the guide has been disputed more in order to compensate investors properly for the damage from securities fraud in the market. In terms of the liability of secondary actors, such as the investment adviser, for the violation of Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5, the Supreme Court addressed the more clarified standard in its decision of Janus Capital Group Inc. v. First Derivative Traders. The Court held that the maker of a statement (or a misstatement) is the person or entity with ultimate authority over the statement, including its content and whether and how to communicate it, and without such control or authority a person may be said to suggest a statement but cannot be deemed its maker. This Court`s decision limited the implied private right of action under Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5 and rejected to consider the unique and actual relationship between the secondary actor, the investment adviser, and the fund, the primary violator. While the blurry line between primary and secondary misconduct has been clarified in a way that bars to private lawsuits brought under Section 10(b) against all secondary actors, there still remain issues to be discussed. This paper first presents the history of the private right of action under Section 10(b) and Rule 10b-5, including Court precedents and legislative actions, as the factual background leading to the Janus case, and then analyzes the Supreme Court`s decision in the Janus case to provide deeper understanding and current status of the private right of action under the U.S. securities regulations.

성종에 따른 발화 기본주파수와 발화 및 성악발성 시 성대접촉률의 차이 비교

남도현(Do-Hyun Nam),최홍식(Hong-Shik Choi) 한국음성학회 2008 음성과학 Vol.15 No.4

Habitual speaking fundamental frequency (sF0) plays an important role in determining the voice classification, which can be presented differently depending on the vocal fold length and language habits. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to compare the differences in sF0 for voice classification and closed quotient between speaking and singing. Seventeen singers (7 sopranos, 5 tenors, 5 baritones, mean age 25.1 years) with no evidence of vocal folds pathology were participated. sF0 and closed quotient (CQ) both in speaking and in singing (A3-A5 with soprano, A2-A4 with tenor and baritone) were measured using SPEAD program and electroglottography. No significant differences were observed for sF0 between tenor and baritone groups (p> 0.05). However, CQ in singing was significantly different among three groups (p< 0.05), but CQ in speaking was not (p> 0.05). Furthermore, CQ was significantly different with both soprano (p< 0.01) and tenor groups ((P= 0.02) whereas baritone group revealed there is no difference when compared between speaking and singing. No significant differences in sF0 between tenor and baritone participants may result from decision-making for voice classification by experience and should measure sF0 before determining the voice classification.

Countertenor 1인의 Modal Register와 Falsetto Register에서의 공기역학적 변화 및 전기성문파형의 변화 연구

남도현,최성희,최재남,최홍식,Nam, Do-Hyun,Choi, Seong-Hee,Choi, Jae-Nam,Choi, Hong-Shik 대한후두음성언어의학회 2006 대한후두음성언어의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Background and Objectives: Countertenors who can produce higher vocal pitch like female classical singer's voice and use both modal and falsetto register. This study was conducted to study phonatory characteristics between modal and falsetto register of the countertenor. Materials and Methods: A male countertenor who had 8 years of experience was examined using a videostroboscopy and his voice was analyzed using aerodynamic measures; fundamental frequency(F0), Mean air flow rate(MFR), intensity(SLP), subglottal air pressure(Psub) with phonatory function analyzer(Nagashima) and acoustic measures; jitter, shimmer, HNR, closed quotient(CQ) using a Electro-glottography(EGG) of Lx. Speech Studio(Laryngoscope, Ltd, UK) and voice range profile of CSL(Kay elemetrics). Results: In the stroboscopy finding, the longitudinal length of vocal folds was increased at the falsetto register and the upper margin of vocal folds vibrated with incomplete closure of true vocal folds. In aerodynamic analysis, intensity was same at the modal and falsetto register. However, MFR, Psub, MPT were higher at the falsetto register. In the electroglottographic analysis, closed quotient(CQ) at the modal register was high and also much higher at the high-pitch falsetto than at the loud falsetto. In the VRP, intensity was similar though F0 was different between modal and falsetto register. Conclusion: It implied that countertenor could produce powerful voice quality by increasing of respiratory pressure and respiratory volume though glottal closure was incomplete. In addition, no change of EGG waveform, similar voice range with alto was observed.

발성훈련 전후의 혈중 산소포화도(SaO₂)와 폐포 내 이산화탄소분압(P<SUB>A</SUB>CO₂)의 비교연구

남도현(Do Hyun Nam) 한국음성학회 2007 음성과학 Vol.14 No.3

The aim of this study is to examine the influence of vocal training on internal respiration in order to develop an efficient method of singing phonation. Five males trained singers (age:25.0±1.4years, career:6.8±1.1 years) and five female trained singers (age:22.0±1.0years, career:5.8±1.2 years) participated in this study. SaO₂(Oxi Hemoglobin saturation) was measured by Oxy-Pulse meter while PACO₂ (Pressure Alveolar CO₂) was measured by Quick et CO₂ before and after 2-minute, 4-minute and 6-minute vocal training. Result showed that SaO₂ was within a normal range after vocal training but PACO₂ came out lower than the normal range (36-40㎜Hg) after vocal training which led to Hypocapnia. This caused the singers to experience some headache and dizziness.

일제강점기 근대적 미디어에 의한 조선관광(朝鮮觀光) 표상의 특징 - 잡지 『모던일본』 조선판(1939, 1940)을 중심으로 -

남도현 ( Dohyun Nam ) 한국동양예술학회 2016 동양예술 Vol.31 No.-

본 논문은 일제강점기 일본에서 출간된 대중오락잡지 『모던 재팬』 조선판에서 드러난 조선관광 표상의 특징을 잡지 편집 구도와 여성 표상에 초점을 두고 분석한다. 『모던 재팬』은 1930년대 큰 인기를 끌었던 잡지로 당대의 시대상을 입체적으로 살펴볼 수 있는데, 특히 이 잡지는 1939년과 1940년, 두 차례에 걸쳐 조선판을 일종의 특집 기획으로 발간한 바 있다. 이는 당시 내지(일본)에서 유일하게 시도된 외지(조선)에 대한 특집으로 ‘이중적 근대’란 일본의 근대성의 특징을 잡지를 통해 확인할 수있다. 일본의 이중적 근대가 특히 쇼와 시대를 배경으로 하며, 이 잡지는 쇼와 모던이란 시대적 분위기를 담아내려 했기 때문에 이 잡지는 일본의 이중적 근대의 모습을 압축적으로 표상하는 측면이 있다. 일본의 쇼와 시기는, 다이쇼 시기와 달리 서구의 문물을 상대화했고 일본적인 것을 강조하면서 서구의 일방적 수입이 아닌 일본적인 것을 통한 다른 가능성을 모색했던 기간이기도 했다. 그러나 일본적인 것의 강조는 점차 파시즘화하며 극단적인 자기 파멸의 과정으로 연결되었다. 『모던 재팬』 조선판의 간행은 일본적인 것을 통한 새로운 가능성의 모색이 결말에 도달하기 직전의 분위기가 생생하게 반영되어 있다. 그 양상은 특히 내선일체의 강박과 조선 여성에 대한 외경이란 양상으로 극명하게 드러난다. 이런 식민주의적 시선은 강박과 불안, 동요와 선망 등 양가적이며 중층적인 특징을 보이는데, 이런 면모는 잡지의 편집 구도는 물론 콘텐츠의 내용에 스며들어 있다. 본 논문은 아직 연구 초기 단계인 『모던일본』 조선판에 대해 몇 편의 선행연구를 바탕으로, 주로 1939, 1940년에 발간된 『모던일본』 조선판을 쇼와 모더니즘의 ‘이중적 근대’란 속성을 염두에 두고 당시 활발하게 전개된 여행과 관광의 문맥, 즉 콜로니얼 투어리즘(colonial tourism)적인 맥락을 고려하면서 잡지 편집 방식과 여성을 표상하는 언설에서 드러나는 특징들을 비판적으로 검토했다. 이는 1930년 『모던재팬』의 창간에서 1939년과 1940년 『모던 재팬』 조선판의 발행으로 이어지는 과정이, 어떤 의미에서 일본적 근대 기획, 즉 ‘이중적 근대’란 기획이 실패였다는 사실을 『모던 재팬』 조선판을 통해 확인하는 과정에 다름 아니다. This thesis analyses the representation of Joseon tourism in the articles of an entertainment magazine, <The Modern Japan, Joseon Edition>(1939, 1940) published in Japan during the Japanese Colonial Period, focusing on its editing planning and the representation of women, and tries to find its characteristics. <The Modern Japan> can give us an opportunity for looking into the phases of that time stereoscopically as a magazine having attracted a great popularity in the 1930s. The magazine published the special editions for Joseon twice, in 1939 and 1940. These were the only special editions which the magazine in Japan(Interior) had tried dealing with Joseon(Outlier), which ‘double modernity’ as the characteristics of Japanese modernity could be confirmed. Japanese modernity was set in the era of Showa and the magazine tried to incorporate the atmosphere of the era that is called as Showa Modern, in its contents. In this respect, it seems to be certain that the magazine had represented Japanese double modernity compressively. The era of Showa, different from the era of Taisho, was the period that relativized the western culture, emphasized Japanese things, and also tried to find out other possibilities with Japanese things rather than depended on one way imports of the western things. But this emphasis on Japanese things had gradually changed into fascism and then linked to the process of excessive self-deconstruction. <The Modern Japan, Joseon Edition> published in the middle of time between these two wars, vividly reflected the atmosphere of the time that the efforts of searching for new possibilities with Japanese things just had came to the conclusion. It was appeared clearly as obsession of the Naeseon Ilche, "Korea and Japan are One", and the awe at Joseon women. This colonial gaze had shown the layered and ambivalent characteristics such as obsession, anxiety, agitation, envy and so on, which had been permeated not only in the editorial planning but also in its articles. This study started on the base of some advanced researches on <The Modern Japan, Joseon Edition>, and kept considering the attributes of ‘double modernity’ of Showa modernism. It examined the editorial styles and the features of the remarks that the magazine represented Joseon women, while considering the context of the colonial tourism, in other words the context of travels and tourism in Joseon, that had been actively spreaded out among the Japanese people. Through this examination focusing on <The Modern Japan, Joseon Edition> published in 1939, 1940) the study came to the conclusion that the Japanese modernization projects, that is to say ‘double modernity’, had failed on its way from the foundation of <The Modern Japan> in 1930 to the publication of <The Modern Japan, Joseon Edition> in 1939 and 1940.

외 후두부 길이와 발화기본주파수 간의 상관관계

남도현(Nam DoHyun),임성수(Rheem Sungsue),최홍식(Choi Hong-Sik) 한국음성학회 2009 말소리와 음성과학 Vol.1 No.4

선박충돌로 인한 손해배상청구권자의 범위에 관한 연구

남도현(Nam, Do Hyun) 국민대학교 법학연구소 2022 법학논총 Vol.35 No.2