주방 GCD 70 구상흑연 주철의 기계적 성질 및 흑연형상에 미치는 주물 두께의 영향

김창주,윤한상 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1984 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.22 No.6

Casting thickness influences mechanical property and graphite shape in ductile cast iron and the results from this study are as follows: 1) The strength and the hardness were decreased rectilinearly as the casting size increased from Ø25㎜ to Ø100㎜ and were nearly same at the size of Ø100㎜ and 150㎜. 2) The strength and the hardness were appeared homogeneous in every step bar of the same thickness. 3) The best ductility was obtained at Ø50㎜. 4) The maximum diameter of huge graphite nodule was 130㎛.

KETRI형 비디오텍스 가입자 터미널의 설계 및 실현 ( A Design and Implementation of Ketri Type Videotex Terminal )

김창주,조병진,이성재,강선무 대한전자공학회 1984 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1984 No.1

Perennial ryegrass 를 조합한 혼파목초지에 있어서 예취빈도와 Perennial ryegrass 의 파종비율이 건물수량 및 식생구성비율에 미치는 영향

김창주,김동암 ( Chang J . Kim,Dong A . Kim ) 한국축산학회 1975 한국축산학회지 Vol.17 No.3

To investigate the usefulness of adding perennial ryegrass to a mixture of orchardgrass/ladino clover, and to determine the optimum seeding rate of perennial ryegrass and the optimum cutting frequency in the sward of the mixture combined with perennial ryegrass, an experiment was carried out over a period of two years at Kangwon National University, Chunchon. Five different seed mixtures of orchadgrass (20 ㎏/㏊); ladino clover (3 ㎏/㏊) which were supplemented by 0 ㎏/㏊, 5 ㎏/㏊, 10 ㎏/㏊, 20 ㎏/㏊ and 30 ㎏/㏊ of perennial ryegrass, respectively, were sown in April 1972. Each of the seed mixtures was divided into two groups, 2-time cut group and 4-time cut group. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. In the first year, before the midsummer the botanical composition of perennial ryegrass marked 19.7∼29.3% in the 5 ㎏/㏊ of perennial ryegrass plot, 30.3∼35.8% in the 10 ㎏/㏊ plot, 41.5∼52.0% in the 20 ㎏/㏊ plot and 63.4∼71.1% in the 30 ㎏/㏊ plot but after the midsummer it lowered drastically to 0.0∼0.5%, 0.2∼7.8%, 0.2∼2.1% and 0.2∼2.3% respectively. It was considered that such a lowering of perennial ryegrass` ratio was caused by the numerous death of perennial ryegrass in the midsummer. 2. Most of the perennial ryegrass exsisted only during the first year. In the second year, perennial ryegrass disappeared entirely since the first cut in the 2-time cut group, and since the third cut in the 4-time cut group. 3. The increase of dry matter yield caused by the addition of perennial ryegrass was recognizable only at the first cut in the first year. 4. In the first year, the dry matter yield of the first cut in the 4-time cut group increased proportionally as the seeding rate of perennial ryegrass increased. The dry matter yields of the plots added more than 20 ㎏/㏊ of perennial ryegrass were significantly greater than that of the plot without perennial ryegrass (P$lt;0.05). 5. In the first year, since the third cut the dry matter yield in the 4-time cut group decreased in proportion as the seeding rate of perennial ryegrass was raised. 6. The annual dry matter yields of the 4-time cut group in the first year, the plots contained perennial ryegrass, marking 8.49∼9.07 t/㏊, showed smaller yield in comparison with the plot without perennial ryegrass which produced 10.13 t/㏊. 7. The effect of seeding rate of perennial ryegrass on the second year`s dry matter yield and botanical composition was not found. 8. The annual dry matter yield of the 4-time cut group was smaller by 0.30 t/㏊ than that of the 2-time cut group in the first year but the former was larger by 2.59 t/㏊ than that of the latter in the second year. 9. Generally the botanical composition ratio of perennial ryegrass and ladino clover was higher and that of orchardgrass was lower in the, 4-time cut group than in the 2-time cut group. 10. The 2-time cut group recorded far more dead material with 1.42∼1.99 t/㏊ than the 4-time cut group which presented 0.42∼0.72 t/㏊.

혼파목초지에 있어서 하계의 예취간격이 목초생육 및 건물수량에 미치는 영향

김창주,장병호 ( Chang Ju Kim,Beong Ho Chang ) 한국축산학회 1976 한국축산학회지 Vol.18 No.5

In the interest of determining the optimum cutting intervals under the settled cutting times in mixture sward in summer season, an experiment was conducted during the period from April 1972 to October 1972 at Kangwon National University, Chunchon. Each plot, was sown with seeds mixture of orchardgrass 20 ㎏/㏊+perennial ryegrass 10㎏/㏊+ladino clover 3㎏/㏊ on 24th of April, 1972 and the first cut carried out on 11th of June and the third cut practiced 100 days after the first cut that that fell on 16th of September. The date of the second cut differed plot by plot, that was 35 days (T₁), 45 days (T₂), 55 days (T₃) or 65 days (T₄) after the first cut. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. Average number of established plants and average ratio of establishmend of the each plot were 197.2 plant/dm^2 and 95.4% in orchardgrass, 30.8 plant/dm^2 and 74.2% in perennial ryegrass and 24.9 pland/dm^2 and 59.6% in ladino clover. 2. Length of the pasture plants green longer as the cutting interval lengthened. Yet, when the cutting interval was prolonged more than 55 days, the plant length of perennial ryegrass rather shortened because of the plant death with excessive growth. 3. As the cutting interval elongated the difference of plant length between orchardgrass and perennial ryegrass was more remarkable. Namely, orchardgrass was larger than perennial ryegrass by 4.5 ㎝ in T₁ plot, 9.1 ㎝ in T₂ plot, 22.1 ㎝ in T₃ plot and 24.7 ㎝ in T₄ plot at the second cut; the former was longer than latter by 18.4 ㎝ in T₄ plot, 29.3 ㎝ is T₃ plot, 30.2 ㎝ in T₂ plot and 31.4 ㎝ in T₁ plot at the third cut. Therefore perennial ryegrass eras at greater disadvantage in the light competition with orchardgrass as the cutting interval lengthened, 4. The shorter cutting interval the higher relative light intensity in the plant community. The relative light intensity of the each plot was 35.1∼37.2% at the first cut, 15.7∼27.5% at the second cut and 18.0∼24.8% at the third cut. 5. During the summer season, higher decreasing rate of tiller or stolon number was marked in the plots cut at longer interval between the second cut and the third cut; the decreasing rate was 12.3∼65.7% in orchardgrass and 37.8∼75.4% in perennial ryegrass. The decreasing rate of stolon number in ladino clover was 42.0∼55.9% during the summer season. 6. In dry matter yield at the second cut and the third cut and the third cut, T₂ plot marked the largest yield among all plots, and the T₂ plot showed also the highest yield. The greatest yield of dry matter was obtained when the cutting interval between the first cut and the second cut and between the second cut and the third cut was settled on 45 days and 55 days respectively. 7. In annual dry matter yield, 10.33 t/㏊ of T₂ plot and 9.78 t/㏊ of T₃ plot had comparatively balanced cutting intervals were significantly larger than 9.08 t/㏊ of T₁ plot and 7.89 t/㏊ of T₄ plot which had unbalanced cutting intervals (P$lt;0.05). 8. Dead material had a tendency to increase in proportion to lengthening of cutting interval. The amount of dead material was 0.09∼0.61 t/㏊ (2.6∼12.6% of the dry matter yield) in the second cut and 0.00∼0.19 t/㏊ (0.0∼5.4% of the dry matter yield) in the third cut. 9. Weed was produced only at the third cut; larger amount of weed was produced in the plot which had longer cutting interval. At the third cut, the dry matter yield of weed was 0.02∼0.64 t/㏊ (1.0∼19.4% of the pasture plants). 10. In botanical composition at the second cut, orchardgrass ratio which ranged 58.2∼80.9% increased but perennial ryegrass ratio which ranged 9.7∼35.4% decreased as the cutting interval elongated; at the third cut, when the cutting interval extended to more t than 55 days orchardgrass ratio showed a trend to descend while ladino clover and weed ratio had a trend to ascend remarkably. 11. In all plots, the percentage of ladino clover was 5.5∼12.3% till the second cut however,

경제외적 강제와 경제적 강제

김창주 中央大學校 1970 논문집 - 중앙대학교 Vol.15 No.1

안달루스 文明史 小考

김창주 韓國外國語大學校 大學院 1987 里門論叢 Vol.6 No.1

産業革命의 社會.經濟的 背景

金昌柱 中央大學校 經濟學硏究會 1964 경제학논집 Vol.7 No.2

공동체의 발전논리와 분할지 소유

김창주 中央大學校 1971 논문집 - 중앙대학교 Vol.16 No.1

분할지농민소유의 발전적 해소 : 그 현대론적 파악

金昌柱 中央大學校 經濟學硏究會 1967 경제학논집 Vol.10 No.1

New Zealand 산 도입목초의 강원지역에 있어서 적응성 비교시험

김창주,장병호,이창덕 ( C . J . Kim,B . H . Chang,C . D . Lee ) 한국축산학회 1978 한국축산학회지 Vol.20 No.3

A comparative experiment was carried out in Chunchon and Taekwanryong, Kangwondo to test the adaptability of pasture plants introduced from New Zealand. The New Zealand introduced pasture plants tested in this experiment were orchargass-Apanui(O-A), perennial ryegrass-Ruanui(P-R), Tama ryegrass(Ta), timothy-Kahu(Ti-K), white clover-Huia(W-H), alsike clover(As), red clover-Hamau(R-H) and alfalfa-Wairau(Af-W); besides those plants U.S.A. introduced orchardgrass-Potomac(O-P) and Ladino clover(L), Canada introduced perennial ryegrass-Norlea(P-N) and Australia introduced tall fescue-Demeter (Tf-D) were included in this experiment to compare with the New Zealand introduced pasture plants. The Chunchon experimental field(94m above sea level) was sown on the 8th of May 1977 and the Taekwanryong experimental field(820m above sea level) on the 10th of 1May 1977, and the experiment was carried on until April 1978. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. O-A and P-R were slower in early stage growth, lower in the year total yield of dry matter and poorer in wintering record than O-P and P-N respectively. 2. O-A and P-R seemed to unsuitable varieties for the Kangwon area. 3. Ta, which proved to be annual, was thought to be utilized sooner after the sowing because its early stage growth was extremely vigorous. 4. Ta demonstrated abundant production marking 10.99 t/㏊ in the year total yield of dry matter in the Taekwanryong experimental field. Nevertheless, Ta`s summering record was inferior in the Chunchon experimental field. 5. In the both experimental fields of Chunchon and Taekwanryong, Ti-K showed a poor record in summering and presented a low year total yield of dry matter but it was found to be outstanding in winter survival. 6. W-H was regarded to have the strongest winter hardiness among the legume plots, yet it marked rather a lower dry matter yield. 7. It is presumed that R-H will find no difficulty in wintering even in the alpine region but will fall into trouble in summering in the lowlands. 8. Af-W made poor growth in both the Chunchon and Taekwanryong experimental field. 9. Though L recorded the highest year total yield of dry matter among the legume plots, most of L were winterkilled in the Taekwanryong experimental field. 10. O-P and Tf-D presented comparatively good record in summering and wintering, and Tf-D showed the highest year total yield of dry matter in the Chunchon experimental field presenting 6.01 t/㏊. 11. P-N and As revealed comparatively strong winter hardness even in the Taekwanryong experimental field. 12. In the year total yield of dry matter the Taekwanryong experimental field was larger than the Chunchon experimental field by 79.1% in the grasses and by 13.8% in the legumes.