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김영기 ( Young Ki Kim ),송정호 ( Jeong Ho Song ),박문수 ( Moon Su Park ),김문섭 ( Mun Seop Kim ) 한국산림과학회(구 한국임학회) 2020 한국산림과학회지 Vol.109 No.4
본 연구는 유망 밀원수종인 이나무를 대상으로 객관적인 밀원가치를 평가하기 위해 화밀분비량, 유리당 및 유리아미노산 함량을 분석하였다. 이나무는 암수딴그루로 수꽃이 암꽃보다 약 4일정도 빨리 개화하였고, 개화시기는 5월 14일부터 5월 30일까지 약 17일간 개화하는 것으로 조사되었다. 화밀분비 패턴을 조사한 결과 수꽃은 개화 3일차에 5.0 ± 2.5μL로 가장 높았고, 암꽃은 개화 2일차에 1.1 ± 0.4 μL로 가장 많이 분비되었다. 개화기간 동안 분비된 총 화밀량은 수꽃 9.7 ± 2.9 μL, 암꽃 1.7 ± 0.5 μL로 조사되었으며, 건조화밀량은 수꽃 2.2 ± 0.6 μL, 암꽃 0.8 ± 0.3 μL을 나타내어 암수 간 유의한 차이가 인정되었다. 화밀 내 유리당 함량은 수꽃 54.6 ± 15.4 μg/μL, 암꽃 20.5 ± 4.9 μg/μL으로 조사되었으며, 꽃 하나당 당 함량을 산출한 결과 수꽃 170.7 ± 15.4 μg, 암꽃 24.9 ± 5.5 μg으로 수꽃이 더 높음을 알 수 있었다. 아미노산 함량을 분석한 결과 수꽃은 19개 아미노산에서 20.4 ± 3.9 mg/L, 암꽃은 11개 아미노산에서 3.2 ± 0.1 mg/L가 검출되었으며, 수꽃의 경우 glutamine, asparagine, proline 순으로 높게 나타난 반면, 암꽃 화밀에서는 asparagine, glutamic acid, glutamine 순으로 높게 조사되어 차이를 나타냈다. 이나무는 주요 밀원수종인 아까시나무의 개화 종료 후에 개화하고, 개화기간이 길며, 화밀 분비량과 화밀 내 유리당 및 아미노산 함량 등 화밀 특성을 고려할 때 밀원수종으로서 활용 가능한 것으로 판단된다. We assessed the nectar source potential of a prospective honey plant, Idesia polycarpa, by analyzing nectar volume, free sugar content, and free amino acid content. Idesia polycarpa is a dioecious tree; the males bloom approximately four days earlier than females, and the blooming period is approximately 17 days-from March 14<sup>th</sup> to March 30<sup>th</sup>. Upon investigating the patterns of nectar secretion, it was found that male flowers peak on the third day of blooming at 5.0 ± 2.5 μL, and female flowers peak on the second day of blooming, at 1.1 ± 0.4 μL. There was a significant difference between males and females in the total nectar volume (9.7 ± 2.9 μL for males and 1.7 ± 0.5 μL for females) and the dried nectar volume (2.2 ± 0.6 μL for males, 0.8 ± 0.3 μL for females) during the blooming period. The free sugar content of floral nectar was 54.6 ± 15.4 μg/μL for males and 20.5 ± 4.9 μg/μL for females, and the sugar content per flower was higher in males (170.7 ± 15.4 μg) than in females (24.9 ± 5.5 μg). Our analysis of the amino acid content showed that 20.4 ± 3.9 mg/L (comprised of 19 amino acids) is produced in male flowers and 3.2 ± 0.1 mg/L (11 amino acids) in female flowers. In the male flower, the main amino acid was glutamine, followed by asparagine and proline, whereas in the female nectar, asparagine was the main amino acid, followed by glutamic acid and glutamine. Idesia polycarpa blooms after the blooming period of a major honey plant, Robinia pseudoacacia, and its nectar volume and nectar characteristics, such as free sugar content and amino acid content, make it a viable honey plant.
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왕벚나무와 산벚나무의 화밀분비량, 당 함량 및 아미노산 분석
김영기(Young Ki Kim),김세현(Sea Hyun Kim),송정호(Jeong Ho Song),남재익(Jae Ik Nam),송재모(Jae-Mo Song),김문섭(Mun Seop Kim) 한국양봉학회 2019 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.34 No.3
The purpose of this study is to objectively evaluate the value of honey source by analyzing nectar characteristics of Prunus yedoensis Matsum. (Korean flowering cherry, KFC) and P. sargentii Rehder (Sargent’s cherry, SC) such as the volume of secreted nectar, free sugar composition and amino acid content in floral nectar. Both species bloomed for about 10 days, but KFC bloomed about four days earlier than SC. As a result of analyzing the nectar secretion pattern by using 3 μL micro-capillary tube, it was the highest on the second day since the flower bloom. In the volume of total secreted nectar and dried nectar per flower during two days, KFC was 7.6±2.8 μL and 0.89±0.40 μL, and SC was 8.5±3.3 μL and 0.95±0.37 μL, respectively. The free sugar content of nectar in KFC and SC show 47.9±13.0 μg/μL and 25.5±10.7 μg/μL, respectively. The amount of sugar per flower of KFC and SC was 73.7±39.7 μg and 71.4±40.4 μg, and there is no significant difference between two species. But, sucrose/hexose ratio of KFC and SC show 10.3±1.9 and 2.3±0.2, and there is significant difference (t=7.320, p=0.002). The total free amino acid content of KFC and SC was 55.2±14.6 μg/μL and 25.1±8.2 μg/μL, respectively. Among the amino acids, Proline, Glutamine, Asparagine, Glutamic acid and Arginine accounted for more than 80.0% of the total amino acids. Especially, glutamic acid, glutamine, lysine, proline, serine and tryptophan showed significant differences between two species.
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김세현(Sea Hyun Kim),남재익(Jea Ik Nam),김영기(Young Ki Kim),김문섭(Mun Seop Kim),송정호(Jeong Ho Song),박인협(In Hyeop Park),고영석(Young Seok Go) 한국양봉학회 2019 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.34 No.3
Sorbus alnifolia (Siebold & Zucc.) K. Koch were usually distributed in the middle or the top of the mountain under 1,100 m of sea level as a small population. Based on physiognomy, the predominant species in the natural populations of S. alnifolia can be summarized as follows; Quercus aliena-S. alnifolia in Mt. Mani; Q. varirabilis-S. alnifolia in Mt. Bawang and Mt. Geumo; S. alnifolia in Mt. Gaji, Mt. Duryun and Wando. On the other hand, in the case of Anmyundo population, there were no predominant species and S. alnifolia were growing with Q. serrata, Q. varirabilis, Pinus densiflora and P. thunbergii. The four species (Q. serrata, Prunus sargentii, Lindera obtusiloba and Smilax chian) appeared in all the natural populations of S. alnifolia. The sums of important values of S. alnifolia for each layer were 230.3% in tree layer, 124.3% in subtree layer, and 9.1% in shrub layer, respectively. The Morista’s indexs of S. alnifolia were 1.12 in tree layer, 1.00 in subtree layer, and 0.28 in shrub layer, respectively. This result shows that S. alnifolia occurs randomly in tree and subtree layer but regularly in shrub layer. A total of 91 species was found in all the surveyed plots. Species diversity of S. alnifolia populations ranged from 0.78 to 1.30. Evenness and dominance showed the ranges of 0.75~0.89 and 0.11~0.25, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the species composition showed that Wando, Mt. Duryun, Mt. Gaji, and Mt. Mani composed one group and Anmyundo, Mt. Geumo and Mt. Balwang made up the other group.
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아까시나무 (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)와 분홍아까시나무 (R. margarettae ‘Pink Cascade’) 향기성분 조성 비교
이수진(Sujin Lee),김영기(Yeonggi Kim),노광래(Gwang Rae Noh),이현숙(Hyun Sook Lee),김문섭(Mun Seop Kim),김세현(Sea Hyun Kim),권형욱(Hyung Wook Kwon) 한국양봉학회 2019 韓國養蜂學會誌 Vol.34 No.3
Plants release a large variety of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the surrounding atmosphere. Floral volatile compounds (FVCs) emitted from many plants is the critical factors for pollinator attraction and defense for adaptation in environments. Recent studies indicate that the chemical components contributing to FVCs play an important role in the honeybee attractiveness to flowers. Olfactory signals are rapidly learned, indicating that foraging behavior results from the association of plant chemicals acting as chemosensory cues for the bees. Solid phase microextraction (SPME)-GC/MS method was applied to analyze the chemical composition of FVCs according to the different species of Robinia spp. The abundant compounds identified in R. pseudoacacia were (Z)-β-ocimene (34.86%) and linalool (35.47%). Those of the tetraploid R. pseudoacacia were (Z)-β-ocimene (35.42%) and α-Farnesene (33.94%). The volatiles of R. margarettae Pink Cascade comprised an abundance of (Z)-β-ocimene (42.73%), (E)-4,8- Dimethylnona-1,3,7-triene (37.23%). Differences in FVCs of the different species of Robinia spp. are discussed in light of biochemical constraints on volatile chemical synthesis and of the role of flower scent in ecology of pollination.
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