치의학교육입문검사 개발이 기본방향

김관식,Kim, Gwan-Sik 대한치과의사협회 2002 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.40 No.10

구강영역 감염증의 향균요법

김관식,Kim, Gwan-Sik 대한치과의사협회 1989 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.27 No.9

Antigen Receptor-Mediated Induction of Cytolytic T cell-Specific Transcripts Expression

김관식,권병세,Kim, Gwan-Shik,Lancki, David W.,Kwon, Byoung-Se The Korean Society of Pharmacology 1987 대한약리학잡지 Vol.23 No.1

Cytolytic T cell(CTL)에서는 표현되나 다른 세포에서는 표현되지 않는 유전자를 검색하여 최근 저자는 3종의 CTL 특이 cDNA를 cloning하였다. CTL 특이 cDNA의 기능을 규명하기 위하여 CTL L3 cell을 항원수용체를 통하여 혹은 interleukin 2(IL-2)로 자극하여 활성화시킨 후 RNA blot analysis로 각 cDNA clone의 상응전사체 표현양상을 관찰, CTL활성화과정과의 연관성을 실험하였다. 이중 2종의 cDNA상응전사체표현은 항원수용체자극에 의해 현저히 증가된 반면 IL-2는 전혀 영향을 미치지 않았으며 이 같은 전사체표현증가는 cyclosporin A 처리로 완전히 억제되었다. 이상의 결과는 항원수용체자극으로 활성화되는 유전자가 IL-2에 의해 활성화되는 유전자와는 상이함을 보여주는 것이며 또한 2종의 cDNA clone이 IL-2에 의해 활성화되지 않으나 항원수용체를 통하여 중개되며 cyclosporin A에 예민하게 반응하는 CTL활성화과정의 특정경로에 관여하는 것으로 사료된다. Employing the approach to isolate the genes expressed preferentially in cytolytic T cell (CTL) but not in other types of cell, 3 CTL-specific cDNAs were recently cloned. To characterize these cDNA clones in relation to CTL activation, their expression pattern after T cell antigen receptor (TCR) or interleukin 2 (IL-2) stimulation were investigated by RNA blot analysis of cloned CTL L3 cells. Transcripts level of two cDNA clones were markedly elevated by TCR stimulation but not by IL-2. In addition, transcripts expression of both clones were abrogated by cyclosporin A treatment. These results indicated that gene activation mediated by TCR is distinct from that mediated by IL-2 and imply that those two unidentified cDNA clones are related to TCR-mediated, IL-2-independent but cyclosporin A-sensitive pathway for CTL activation.

보안 취약점 식별과 대응을 위한 웹 기반 위협 정보 제공 시스템

김관식(Kim Gwansik),한관희(Han Gwanhee),김가을(Kim Gaeul),김도훈(Kim Dohoon),김은한(Kim Eunhan) 한국정보기술학회 2024 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2024 No.5

불임환자에서 자궁근종절제술 후 임신성공률

김태실(TS Kim),김난경(NK Kim),조한구(HG Cho),김관식(KS Kim),류철희(CH Rhyu),김종덕(JD Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.10

Uterine myoma is the one of the most common tumor of female genital tract. It causes infertility and many other complications associated with pregnancy. This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of transabdominal myomectomy on 48 patients who suffered from infertility and hibitual abortion at the Department of Obstetricas and Gynecology in Chonbuk National Uniersity Hospital from 1985 to 1994. The results are as follos: 1. Average age of patients was 32.2. The number of nulligravida patients was 17 and infertility duration raged from 12 months to 156 months. 2. Twenty two out of 48 women(45.8%) were conceived. 3. Pregnancy rate after myomectomy showed some difference dependign on surgical indication. In case, the uterine myoma was the only surgical indication, the pregnancy rate was 68.8%, while the rate was 26.7% when other factors of infertility were combined with uterine myoma. 4. The average time period from operation to conception was 13.8 months. Fifteen of the 22(68.2%) conceived in the first year after operation and 19(80.4%) conceived within two years. 5. Pregnancy rate also depended on the age of patients. Forteen out of 21 patients of under 30th conceived, while only 18 out of 72 patients above 30th conceived and there was no pregnancy over 36 years of age. 6. Finally pregnancy rate according to the size and number of myoma was studies. Fifty percent of solitary myoma patients conceived, while only 35.7% of multiple myoma patients conceived. Pregnancy rate of the patient of solitary myoma with diffrent size was similar, indicating moma size was not an influencing factor to the pregnancy rate. In conclusion myomectomy can be strongly recommended with good success expectation for the infertile women if uterine myoma be considered as the main cause of infertility while other causes are not clear, particularly below 35 years of age.

Mixed Singal Process 를 이용한 System On Chip ABS/ECU 구현

김관식(KwanSeek Kim),독고종훈(JongHun Docko),유동현(DongHyun Yoo),오준남(JunNam Oh) 한국자동차공학회 2003 한국자동차공학회 춘 추계 학술대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-

There is a strong trend to apply electrical system in automotive products. This trend comes from customer's request-a system with low cost, small size, many functionalities and robustiness. And ABS(Anti-lock Brake System) is a good example. We have developed ABS/ECU(Elecrical Control Unit) to satisfy this requirement with Mixed Singal Process as well as System on Chip Solution. This paper describes some design consideration for develping ABS/ASlC(Application Specific of Integrated Circuit) and summarize some benefits and futher plan.<br/>

난관복원술 후 지속적 불임환자에 관한 임상적 연구

김관식(KS Kim),양기환(GH Yang),최범석(BS Choi),류철희(CH Rhyu),두재균(JK Doo),김종덕(JD Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1996 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.39 No.6

We have studied continuous infertility rate and what factors influence the non-pregnancy outcome in the effect to lower the non-pregnancy rate after the microsurgical reversal of female sterilization. Three-hundred and eighty-seven microsurgical reanastomosis were performed during 11 years and 10 monthes between March 1892 and January 1994. The postoperative outcomes of 359 patients were identified by telephone, letters and direct interviews. The continuous infertility rate was 8.4%. Almost all the pregnancies occurred within 12 months postoperatively. Non-pregnancy rate at 12 months after the tubal reversal was 16.4% and after that there was no significant decrease of non-pregnancy cases. Non-pregnancy rates, according to the type of sterilization, were 5.7% for the Falope ring or clip group, 15.5% for the electrocauterization group and 17.1% for the Pomeroy`s procedure group. The patients with Fallopian tube a

프랜차이즈 레스토랑의 브랜드 이미지, 인지도와 서비스품질이 가맹의도에 미치는 영향

김관식(Kim, Kwan-Sik),채신석(Chae, Shin-Seok) 한국외식산업경영학회 2005 외식산업경영연구 Vol.1 No.1

자궁부속기 질환의 치료에 있어서 골반경 수술과 개복수술의 비교연구

김관식(KS Kim),오병찬(BC Oh),류철희(CH Rhyu),김종덕(JD Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1999 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.42 No.4

Objective: To increase proportion of pelviscopic surgery, and besides, avoid unnecessary laparotomy for benignity and pelviscopic surgery of malignancy in adnexal masses. Methods: Adnexal masses were managed by laparotomy or laparoscopy under the stated guideline. We analyzed data of the surgical procedure, operative time, hospital stay, and complication, guideline applied and the operator`s opinion on the adequacy of each laparotomy. Results: Over an 18-month period, laparotomy [n=159] or pelviscopy [n=129] were performed. Mean operative time and hospital stay in the pelviscopy group were shorter than those in the laparotomy group. The proportion of laparotomy/pelviscopy were 55.2%/44.8% in overall, 44.5%/55.5% in non-neoplastic tumors, 58.1%/41.9% in benign neoplasm, 100.0%/0.0% in borderline tumor and 91.7%/8.3% in malignancy. The main reasons of laparotomies were unstable vital sign with some symptoms and signs of generalized peritonitis or hemoperitoneum[32.1%] and suspected severe pelvic or abdominal adhesion [24.5%] in non-neoplastic tumor. The patients of benign neoplasms had laparotomies chiefly due to elaborate enucleation in the cyst of diameter 6cm for fertility[26.7%] and suspected severe pelvic or abdominal adhesion [18.6%]. Pelviscopic surgery of ovarian cancer was 1 case [0.78%]. Operator was of opinion that the rate of inadequacy in laparotomies was 28.9% in overall. Conclusion: Pelviscopic surgery is superior to laparotomy in the management of adnexal masses and may be considered prudently in patients of pelvic adhesion suspected and in adnexal tumors those can`t confirm as benignancy. In addition to preoperative evaluations, operative findigs and frozen biopsy should be obtained more carefully for pelviscopy of adnexal tumors.

컴퓨터프로그램의 특허법상 보호에 관한 특허법 제2조 개정시안의 법적 의의 및 과제

김관식(Kwan-Shik Kim) 충남대학교 법학연구소 2012 法學硏究 Vol.23 No.1

컴퓨터프로그램 관련 발명이 특허법상 특허의 대상이 되는지의 여부 즉 발명의 성립성에 대해서는 오랫동안 논쟁의 대상이 되어 왔으나 현재는 전면적으로 발명의 성립성이 부정되지는 않고 일정한 경우 이를 인정하고 있다는 점에서 국제적으로 그 견해가 통일되어 있으며, 우리나라에서도 일정한 요건을 충족하는 경우에는 성립성이 인정되어 컴퓨터프로그램 관련 발명에 대한 특허 획득이 가능하다. 그런데 특허획득이 가능한 구체적인 청구항의 유형으로 특허법상 물건의 발명으로서는, 컴퓨터프로그램이 수행하는 시스템에 관한 장치를 청구하는 방법 또는 컴퓨터프로그램이 수록된 매체를 청구하는 방법이 있고, 특허법상 방법의 발명으로서는 컴퓨터 프로그램이 수행하는 단계를 시계열적으로 규정한 방법 청구항으로서 청구하는 방법이 있을 뿐으로, 물건의 발명으로서 ‘컴퓨터프로그램’을 청구하는 것은 현행의 실무상 허용되지 않고 있다. 이러한 점에 의하여 인터넷상으로 프로그램이 유통되는 행위에 대해서는 특허법상의 권리가 미치지 않는 영역으로 남아 있으며, 이를 해소하기 위한 구체적인 노력의 일환으로 컴퓨터프로그램을 특허법상 물건 발명의 일종으로 명확하게 규정하고자 하는 시도가 간간히 이루어지고 있으나, 이러한 시도에 일각에서는 반대의견이 표명되기도 하여 아직 입법화에는 미치지 못하고 있는 것이 현실이다. 본고에서는 특허법 개정을 위하여 추진되고 있는 개정시안의 내용 및 이에 대하여 일각에서 제기되고 있는 반대 견해와 그 논거를 소개하고, 이러한 반대의 견해 중에서 기존에 논의가 충분하지 않거나 새롭게 제기되어 특별히 추가적인 논의가 필요한 몇 가지 중요한 쟁점, 즉 특허권에 의한 보호는 저작권에 의한 보호와 중복되므로 불필요하다는 주장, 민법상의 물건의 개념 및 판례와 저촉하게 된다는 주장 및 기타 특허법상 On-line Service Provider의 면책규정의 도입 필요성 등의 논점에 관하여, 그 주장의 타당성에 대하여 검토하고 결국 이러한 반대의 견해들은 특허법, 민법등의 법리에 비추어볼 때 그 근거가 미약하다는 점을 보이고 있다. 현재에도 컴퓨터프로그램 관련 발명이 특허법상 전혀 보호가 되지 않는 것은 아닐 것이지만 컴퓨터프로그램이 네트워크를 통하여 전송되는 것은 전통적인 실시의 양태와는 일정한 차이가 있으므로 현행법 하에서는 그 보호에 일정한 한계가 있음을 부정할 수 없고, 더욱이 동일한 컴퓨터프로그램이 단순히 매체에의 기록 여부에 따라 그 보호의 정도에 차이가 발생한다는 점에 대해서는 그 논리 필연적 근거를 발견할 수 없다는 점 등에 비추어 보면, 결국 현행 실무상 인정되지 않고 있는 ‘컴퓨터프로그램 형식의 청구항’을 명시적으로 허용하는 입법을 통하여 컴퓨터프로그램 관련 발명을 보호하는 것이 발명자의 권리를 가장 효율적으로 보호할 수 있다는 점에서 궁극적인 해결책이 될 것으로 생각된다. The subject-matter patentability of computer program has been debated for a long time since the advent of computer technology. These days, however, the subject-matter patentability is not always disapproved. Provided with some prerequisites, patents can be awarded to inventions regarding computer programs. One of the prerequisites is that the patent claim should be in one of the forms of information processing system, information processing method or computer-readable media. This requirement results that patent claims where inventions are claimed in the forms of computer programs, are not deemed to be legal under the Patent Act. This makes proper protection of inventions regarding computer programs especially against unauthorized transmission of the patented program impossible. One of the reasons for the requirement in the aspect of the type of the claim, is based on the argument that the intangible in principle can not be regarded as things within the meaning of the patent law. There being some plausible arguments that the obstacles can be surmounted by the interpretation and application of the provisions regarding the definition of things, a revision of the Patent Act to provide a provision to deem computer program as a product within the meaning of Patent Act has been proposed to circumvent these obstacles explicitly. This paper introduces and discusses the legal implication of the revision of the article two of the Korean Patent Act. Some of the dissenting opinions from the related institutions especially from within the government branch in charge of the protection of computer programs as copyrightable works, are critically reviewed and showed that the argument is not well grounded. And the necessity of the clarification of the relations especially in the aspects of the ‘use’ and the ‘conflict’ between the intellectual property rights is also proposed.