『한서(漢書)ㆍ오행지(五行志)』를 통해 본 반고(班固)의 재이관(災異觀)

權珉均 ( Kwon Min Gyun ) 중국사학회 2020 中國史硏究 Vol.0 No.125

It was not until the Early Han Dynasty era that the Five Elements theory, which was popular in the Warring States Period had a complete structure and logic. Confucian scholars sought to expand their political position by emphasizing ‘Virtue [德]’ instead of honoring ‘Law[法]’. Such attempts began in earnest from the Wen-Di[文帝] period. In this social atmosphere, Dong Zhongshu[董仲舒] has begun to systematize and theoreticalize this theory. The Wu-hsing Chih[五行志] organized by the Pan-Ku[班固] includes discussions on Dong Zhongshu[董仲舒], Liu Xiang[劉向], and Liu Hsin[劉歆] about the occurrence of natural disasters caused by errors in ‘Wu-hsing[五行]’, ‘Wu-shi[五事]’, ‘Huang-ji [皇極]’. Looking at the structure, it seems that ‘control the emperor’ was not the only purpose, like the theory of Dong Zhongshu. In the ‘Wu-hsing’ stage, the government tried to restrict the behavior of officials, High-ranking officials, and out-relatives, and in the ‘Wu-shi’ stage, it is clear that it was intended to control Vassal King[諸侯王] as the will of heaven. In the Huang-ji phase, there is a calamity[災異] that could happen if emperor misled politics. Here, we can roughly guess the intention of the Pan-Ku to the emperor by writing Wu-hsing Chih.

漢代 碑刻 연구의 歷程

權珉均(Kwon Min-gyun) 중국고중세사학회 2017 중국고중세사연구 Vol.46 No.-

초등학생의 읽기동기에 관한 연구

권민균(Min Gyun Kwon) 한국아동학회 2002 아동학회지 Vol.23 No.3

This study analyzed various factors of reading motivation and motivational differences between grades and gender. An urban sample of first-, third- and fifth- grade children completed the Motivation for Reading Questionnaire (MRQ; Wigfield & Guthrie, 1997). The MRQ assesses such possible factors of reading motivation as self-efficacy, intrinsic-extrinsic reading motives, and social aspects of reading. Factor analyses and cronbach`s a demonstrated that 10 factors of children`s reading motivation could be identified and measured reliably. Mean scores on most of the factors differed by grade and gender, with girls and lower grades reporting stronger motivation. This study found that children`s reading motivation is various and decreases as children mature. Various efforts to encourage children`s motivation for reading are suggested in this study.

아동의 인터넷 경험과 읽기 능력에 관한 연구

권민균(Kwon Min Gyun) 한국아동학회 2004 아동학회지 Vol.25 No.1

This study of 322 elementary school children examined the interrelatedness of internet preference, frequencies of internet activities, usage of children`s popular internet sites, knowledge of internet sites, and children`s reading abilities. Usage of children`s popular internet sites and knowledge of internet sites are interrelated with decoding and comprehension. Age, knowledge of internet sites, and sex predicted children`s reading abilities. The extent of exposure to various internet activities differentiated children`s reading comprehension. Results show that processes of reading text information and multimedia materials through the internet involve not only the skills of reading traditional printed texts but also new reading strategies.

後漢〈張禹碑〉의 특징과 자료적 가치

권민균(Kwon Min-gyun) 중국고중세사학회 2018 중국고중세사연구 Vol.50 No.-

〈Zhangyu"s inscriptions〉 is one of the relatively high-level tombstones found so far. The inscription is largely consistent with the text of 〈Book of the Later Han〉 Zhangyu"s story. However, this 〈Zhangyu"s inscriptions〉 contains important information on the origin of the rainfall not listed in “Book of the Later Han.” In addition, also provides more detailed information about Zhangyanu"s lifetime achievement. We also expect to find the social meaning in the form and style of 〈Zhangyu"s inscriptions〉.

또래놀이 내러티브에서 리더가 나타나는 맥락 및 리더의 특성 탐구

김정민 ( Kim Jung-min ),권민균 ( Kwon Myn-gyun ) 한국아동교육학회 2020 아동교육 Vol.29 No.4

본 연구의 목적은 또래놀이 내러티브에서 리더가 나타나는 맥락 및 리더의 특성을 살펴보는데 있다. 본 연구의 대상은 B시에 소재한 A어린이집 만 5세 유아 19명(남아 10명, 여아 9명)으로 자료수집과 분석은 2018년 6월 1일부터 12월 31일까지 약 7개월간 이루어졌다. 자유놀이시간에 유아들의 또래놀이를 참여관찰하고 내러티브를 수집하고 분석하여 리더가 등장하는 맥락과 리더의 특성을 살펴 보았다. 필요에 따라 유아면담과 교사면담을 병행하였으며, 연구자 일지 등 추가 자료를 함께 분석하였다. 유아들의 또래놀이를 관찰하며 수집한 내러티브를 분석한 결과, 놀이의 확장이 이루어지는 맥락, 도움이 필요한 놀이 맥락, 유능성을 발휘하는 놀이맥락, 문제가 발생하는 놀이 맥락에서 리더가 나타났다. 또래놀이 내러티브에서 나타난 리더는 또래에 의해 리더의 자리가 인정되었고, 놀이의 흐름에 따라 새로운 리더로 변화되기도 하였으며, 하나의 놀이 속에 여러 명의 리더가 공존하는 특성을 보였다. 이는 리더는 또래보다 능력이 뛰어난 유아에게 고정되는 것이 아니며, 누구나 리더가 될 수 있음을 시사한다. 교사는 유아들이 정의하는 혹은 선호하는 능력 혹은 리더의 의미에 민감할 필요가 있으며 이를 위해 유아들의 놀이, 내러티브, 상상과 창의의 세계에 귀기울여야 함을 제안한다. The purpose of this study is to examine the context in which leaders appear in peer-play narratives and the characteristics of leaders. The subjects of this study were 19 five-year-old children (10 boys and 9 girls) at A daycare center located in B city, and the data collection and analysis were conducted for about seven months from June 1 to December 31, 2018. The children's free peer play were observed and their play narratives were collected and analyzed to examine the types and the characteristics of leaders. The children‘s and the teacher’s interview data and the researcher's field notes were utilized for verifying data classification and interpretation. An analysis of the narratives collected while observing children's peer play showed leaders in the context of the expansion of play, the context of play in need of help, the context of play in which play is played, and the context of play in which problems arise. Leaders could be characterized by being designated by their peers, moving or circulating among peers. More over several leaders were coexisting in one play episode. These findings suggest that a leader in children’s play is not fixed on a cognitively capable one, and that any child can be a leader. These findings may suggest that the adult’s idea of being a leader not be the same with the child’s.

정보그림책 연계활동을 통한 책 만들기 경험이 유아의 어휘력과 읽기태도에 미치는 효과

김정민 ( Kim Jung-min ),권민균 ( Kwon Myn-gyun ) 한국어린이문학교육학회 2017 어린이문학교육연구 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 정보그림책 연계활동을 통한 책 만들기 경험이 유아의 어휘력과 읽기태도에 미치는 효과에 대해 알아보는 것이다. 본 연구의 대상은 D시에 소재한 O초등학교 병설유치원 만 5세 유아 18명(남 10명, 여 8명)과 D유치원 만 5세 유아 18명(남 7명, 여 11명)을 실험, 통제 집단으로 배정하였다. 실험집단은 정보그림책 연계활동을 하고 책을 만들어보는 경험을 9주간 실시하였고, 통제집단은 정보그림책 연계활동을 9주간 실시하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 정보그림책 연계활동을 통한 책 만들기 경험은 유아의 어휘력 전체 및 이해어휘, 표현어휘 모두에서 효과를 나타냈다. 둘째, 정보그림책 연계활동을 통한 책 만들기 경험이 유아의 읽기태도에 긍정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 본 연구 결과는 정보그림책 연계활동을 통한 책 만들기 경험이 유아의 어휘력 발달과 읽기태도 형성에 효과적임을 알 수 있다. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of book making activities through informational picture books on young children`s vocabulary and reading attitude. The subjects of this study were 18 five-year-old children (10 boys and 8 girls)from a kindergarten annexed to O elementary school for the experiment group, 18 five-year-old children (7 boys and 11 girls) from D kindergarten for the control group in D Metropolitan City. The experimental group had activities that included reading informational picture books, observing objects, and making books for 9 weeks with 3 sessions per week for, a total of 20 sessions. The control group had activities that included reading informational picture books and observing objects for 10 sessions over 9 weeks. The vocabulary competence of the children was tested by adapting Song`s(2010) vocabulary test. Reading attitude was measured with Chae`s(1995) instrument. Each group`s mean scores and standard deviations for the pre-and post-tests were calculated with SPSS 19.0. ANCOVA using the pretest score as a covariate was done to dertermine statistical differences between the groups. The results are as follows, First, the score for overall vocabulary competence improved significantly in the experimental group. Receptive vocabulary, a sub-factor of the vocabulary competence was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Expressive vocabulary was significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group. Second, the experimental group showed significant improvement in reading attitude compared to the control group. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that book making activities through informational picture books are effective for develop the vocabulary and reading attitude of young children.

한국 창작 그림책에 나타나는 시기별(1995-2018) 어머니 모습과 역할 분석

김정민 ( Kim Jung-min ),이은진 ( Lee Eun-jin ),권민균 ( Kwon Myn-gyun ) 한국아동교육학회 2020 아동교육 Vol.29 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 한국 창작 그림책에 나타난 어머니의 모습과 역할을 시기별로 분석함으로써 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. ‘어머니’가 등장하는 국내 창작 그림책 41권을 선정하여 어머니의 모습과 역할을 분석하였다. 수집된 자료는 내용 분석 후, Excel 프로그램을 이용하여 빈도와 백분율을 산출하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 어머니의 모습은 2005년 이전에는 치마, 블라우스를 입고 아빠보다 작게 그려졌으며, 2005년 이후에는 다양한 헤어스타일, 바지 및 정장을 입은 모습으로 묘사되었다. 둘째, 어머니의 역할은 정서적 지지(35.2%)가 가장 많이 나타났으며, 그 중 애정표현하기(16.8%)의 비율이 높게 나타났다. 또한, 가사 활동을 하는 어머니의 모습은 2005년 이후부터 점차 감소하였으며, 직업 활동에 참여하는 어머니의 모습이 2005년 이후부터 등장하였고, 최근 3년간 급격히 증가하였다. 이를 통해 가정 및 사회에서 돌봄의 역할로 주로 묘사되던 어머니가 다양하고 복합적인 어머니로 변화되어 표현되고 있음을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this study was to find out mother's appearances and role changes according to the trend of the times by analyzing Korean creative picture books published from 1995-2018. The 41 Korean creative picture books published from 1995 to 2018 were analyzed according to mother's external image, mother's role, and mother's social position. The text a clauge was analyzed as a basic unit, the pictorial text was analyzed with color, line, location, and space layout. The frequency and percentage for mother’s external image and mother’s roleswere calculated using the Excel program. The study found that the mother's external image dressed in a skirt and blouse before 2005, while after 2005, she was depicted wearing various hairstyles, pants and suits was painted smaller than the father. Second, emotional support (35.2%) was the most common in the mother's behavioral patterns, and among them, the percentage of affection (16.8%) was the high test. Also, there have been many images of mothers engaged in housekeeping activities since 2005, but the figure of mothers participating in professional activities has increased rapidly in the last three years. This shows that the image of a mother as a caretaker in the home and society is being transformed into a diverse and complex mother figures.

前漢時期 정치에서 《尙書》의 활용

권민균 翰林大學校 泰東古典硏究所 2007 泰東古典硏究 Vol.23 No.-

이 논문은 전한시기 통치자나 정치가들의 《상서》활용 방식에 관하여 고찰한 것이다. 《상서》는 황제가 정치적 명령을 시행하고자 할 때 상고 제왕들의 행적을 모방하고 그 권위를 빌려 명령을 반포하기에 적합하였다. 황제는 조서(詔書)에 《상서》의 문장을 인용하여 정치적 명령을 반포했고, 《상서》의 기록방식을 모방하여 ‘고(誥)’체의 문장을 직접 만들기도 하였다. 또한 황족과 외척등 황실이나 고위 통치자들의 교육에 중요한 교재로 활용하였다. 더욱이《상서》는 무제시기 이후 유생(儒生)들이 전한황실 내에서 황제의 절대적인 신임을 얻게 되는 데에 중요하게 활용되기도 했다. 즉《상서》의〈홍범(洪範)〉은 유생들이 방사들과의 대립에서 효과적으로 이용할 수 있는 중요한 이론서였다. 유생들은《홍범오행전》을 지어 방술보다 더 체계적인 ‘유가의 방술’ 즉 경술(經術)로써 방사들과의 정치적 투쟁에서 승리하고 자신들의 정치적 지위를 확보하는 데에 큰 도움을 받기도 하였다. 이외에도 《상서》의 경의(經義)를 이용하거나 문장을 인용하여 대옥(大獄)이나 의옥(疑獄)을 효과적으로 해결하기도 하였다. 전한시기는 유가 경전이 복원됨과 동시에 국가의 지배 사상으로 확립되는 시기이므로 경전에 대한 이해는 전한의 사회와 정치를 이해하는데 매우 중요한 주제이다. 특히 《상서》는 전한의 정치에서 매우 중요하게 활용되었고 당시 통치자나 정치가들은《상서》를 이용하여 다양한 정치대책을 제시할 수 있었다. Since The Book of Documents was the document, recording the activities of kings and politicians, rulers and politicians of Han widely used it when they enforced the policy and suggested political views. That is, when emperor issued massage, he proclaimed the political commend by quoting the sentences of The Book of Documents, and created the stylish sentences by imitating the recording method of The Book of Documents. In addition, The Book of Documents was used in the education of imperial families, maternal side of imperial relatives, high ranking officials. Furthermore, The Book of Documents was importantly used in gaining the absolute confidence on the confucianism after the period of Wu ti within the imperial family. That is, ‘Hongfan(洪範)' in The Book of Documents' is the important theory book, which can be effectively used by confucian scholars. Confucian scholars won a victory in the political strife with taoists by writing the Hongfan Wuxingzhuan(洪範五行傳) which is the more systematic methods and techniques of scripture than those of Taoist. It gave the great help to the security of political position. In addition, The meaning or quotation of confucian scripture is frequently used in solving the lawsuit and criminal case. The early period of Han is the time of establishing the confucian scripture, and establishing confucianism as the dominant idea of a nation so that the understanding of scripture is very important in understanding the society and politics of the early period of Han. Especially, The Book of Documents was utilized very importantly in the Han period and rulers and politicians could suggest various and effective political commends and political measures by using the The Book of Documents.