http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
압력지연삼투(PRO) 공정에서 막 모듈 배치와 유입원수의 유입 흐름방식이 성능에 미치는 영향
고길현,김동현,박태신,강임석 대한상하수도학회 2016 상하수도학회지 Vol.30 No.3
Recently, reverse osmosis (RO) is the most common process for seawater desalination. A common problem in both RO and thermal processes is the high energy requirements for seawater desalination. The one energy saving method when utilizing the osmotic power is utilizing pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process. The PRO process can be used to operate hydro turbines for electrical power production or can be used directly to supplement the energy required for RO desalination system. This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of both single-stage PRO process and two-stage PRO process using RO concentrate for a draw solution and RO permeate for a feed solution. The major results, were found that increase of the draw and feed solution flowrate lead to increase of the production of power density and water permeate. Also, comparison between CDCF and CDDF configuration showed that the CDDF was better than CDCF for stable operation of PRO process. In addition, power density of two-stage PRO was lower than the one of single-stage. However, net power of two-stage PRO was higher than the one of single-stage PRO.
응집-UF 전처리 공정이 압력지연삼투 공정에 미치는 영향
고길현,김수현,김정선,강임석,Goh, Gilhyun,Kim, Suhyun,Kim, Jungsun,Kang, Limseok 대한상하수도학회 2021 상하수도학회지 Vol.35 No.4
Osmotic power is to produce electric power by using the chemical potential of two flows with the difference of salinity. Water permeates through a semipermeable membrane from a low concentration feed solution to a high concentration draw solution due to osmotic pressure. In a pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) process, river water and wastewater are commonly used as low salinity feed solution, whereas seawater and brine from the SWRO plant are employed as draw solution. During the PRO process using wastewater effluent as feed solution, PRO membrane fouling is usually caused by the convective or diffusive transport of PRO which is the most critical step of PRO membrane in order to prevent membrane fouling. The main objective of this study is to assess the PRO membrane fouling reduction by pretreatment to remove organic matter using coagulation-UF membrane process. The experimental results obtained from the pretreatment test showed that the optimum ferric chloride and PAC dosage for removal of organic matter applied for the coagulation and adsorption process was 50 mg/L as FeCl<sub>3</sub> (optimum pH 5.5). Coagulation-UF pretreatment process was higher removal efficiency of organic matter, as also resulting in the substantial improvement of water flux of PRO membrane.
응집-UF 전처리 공정에 의한 잔류 금속염이 역삼투막에 미치는 영향
고길현,강임석,김수현 대한상하수도학회 2019 상하수도학회지 Vol.33 No.6
Pretreatment system of desalination process using Seawater reverse osmosis(SWRO) membrane is the most critical step in order to prevent membrane fouling. One of the methods is coagulation-UF membrane process. Coagulation-UF membrane systems have been shown to be very efficient in removing turbidity and non-soluble and colloidal organics contained in the source water for SWRO pretreatment. Ferric salt coagulants are commonly applied in coagulation-UF process for pretreatment of SWRO process. But aluminum salts have not been applied in coagulation-UF pretreatment of SWRO process due to the SWRO membrane fouling by residual aluminum. This study was carried out to see the effect of residual matal salt on SWRO membrane followed by coagulation-UF pretreatment process. Experimental results showed that increased residual aluminum salts by coagulation-UF pretreatment process by using alum lead to the decreased SWRO membrane salt rejection and flux. As the salt rejection and flux of SWRO membrane decreased, the concentration of silica and residual aluminum decreased. However, when adjusting coagulation pH for coagulation-UF pretreatment process, the residual aluminum salt concentration was decreased and SWRO membrane flux was increased.
나권형 모듈을 이용한 압력지연삼투 공정의 에너지생산에 관한 연구
고길현(Gil hyun Go),박태신(Tae shin Park),강임석(Lim seok Kang) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.9
압력지연삼투는 삼투압을 구동력으로 하여 에너지를 생산하는 새로운 막 기술이다. 압력지연삼투는 반투과성 막을 사이에 두고 삼투압으로 인해 저농도의 유입원수가 고농도의 유도용액으로 이동하는 것이다. 본 연구는 역삼투 공정의 농축수를 유도용액으로, 역삼투 공정의 생산수를 유입원수로 하여 8인치 나권형 막모듈의 성능을 평가 하였다. 실험에 사용된 유입원수와 유도용액의 유량은 2.4 L/min, 5.0 L/min, 10.0 L/min, 압력범위는 5 bar에서 30 bar이다. 유입원수와 유도용액의 농도, 유입유량, 유입비에 따른 공정 성능의 영향을 본 연구에서 확인 하였다. 중요 결과로 유도용액의 농도의 증가는 압력지 연삼투 공정의 전력밀도, 투과수량을 향상시키는 결과를 보였다. 유입유량의 증가 또한 전력밀도와 투과수량을 향상시키는 결과를 보였다. 또한 최대 전력밀도를 형성하는 유입원수와 유도용액의 최적 유입비는 1:1의 비에서 나타났다. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is a quite new technique for power generation using an osmotically driven membrane process. In the PRO process, water permeates through a semipermeable membrane from a low concentration feed solution to a high concentration draw solution due to osmotic pressure. This study carried out to evaluate the performance of the 8 in spiral wound membrane module using reverse osmosis concentrate for a draw solution and reverse osmosis permeate for a feed solution. Three different flowrates of draw and feed solution, such as 2.4 L/min, 5.0 L/min, and 10.0 L/min were used to estimate the power density and water flux under various range of hydraulic pressure differences between 5 bar and 30 bar. In addition, the effects of feed and draw solution concentration, flowrate, and mixing ratio on 8 in spiral wound PRO membrane module performance were investigated in this study. As major results, increases of the draw solution concentration lead to the improvement of power denstiy, and water flux. Also, increase of flowrate resulted in the improvement of power density and water flux. In addition, optimal mixing ratio of draw and feed solution inlet flowrate was found to be 1:1 to attain a maximum power denstiy.
소독부산물 전구물질(NOM) 제거를 위한 응집공정의 최적화에 관한 연구
고길현(Gil hyun Go),전영욱(Young-wook Jeon),김수현(Suhyun Kim),강임석(Lim seok Kang) 대한환경공학회 2019 대한환경공학회지 Vol.41 No.6
소독부산물이 전 세계적으로 문제가 제기되면서 보다 신뢰성 있고 효율적인 수처리 공정 기술 개발에 많은 관심이 집중되고 있다. 소독부산물 형성을 줄이기 위한 NOM 제거의 중요성은 증가하고 있다. 응집 공정은 NOM을 용이하게 제거 하기 위한 하나의 방법이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 NOM의 특성과 소독부산물 형성의 관계를 조사하고, 소독부산물의 감소를 위해 NOM의 효율적인 제거를 위한 최적의 응집 조건을 알아내는 것이다. 황산알루미늄과 제2염화철의 최적 응집 조건은 0.15 mM 응집제 주입량에서 pH 5.5로 나타났다. pH 5.5 조건에서 0.15 mM의 제2염화철의 주입한 경우 용존유기탄소는 55% 제거, 트리할로메탄은 65%, 할로아세틱애시드는 67% 감소하였다. 황산알루미늄의 경우 용존유기탄소는 46.3%, 트리할로메탄은 61%, 할로아세틱애시드는 49% 감소하였다. 원수의 pH가 낮을수록 응집공정에 의해 NOM의 제거는 증가하였고 소독부산물 생성은 감소하였다. 또한 제2염화철이 황산알루미늄보다 NOM을 제거하고, DBPs 생성을 감소시키는데 더 효과적이었다. As the problems of disinfect by-products (DBPs) around the world become an issue, much attention has been focused on developing more reliable and efficient water treatment processing technologies. The removal of NOM to reduce the formation of DBPs is increasingly important. Facilitating the removal of NOM is one of the key reasons for using coagulation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate relationships between the properties of NOM precursors and DBPs formation, and find out the optimum coagulantion conditions for efficient removal of NOM to reduce the amount of DPBs formation. The optimum conditions for the alum and ferric chloride coagulation pH for removal of NOM was 5.5 with 0.15mM coagulant dose. When adjusting pH to 5.5 with 0.15 mM ferric chloride 55% DOC removal, 81.7% THMs reduction and 89.4% HAAs reduction was achieved. when using alum 46.3% DOC removal, 70.2% THMs reduction and 74.7% HAAs reduction was achieved. The results showed that lowering pH of raw water increased the removal of NOM during coagulation process and reduced DBPs formation. Also, ferric chloride was more effectively than alum for remove NOM and reduce DBPs formation.