생물막 여과장치에 의한 하수의 처리

강용태,조봉연,Kang, Yong-Tae,Cho, Bong-Yeon 한국상하수도협회 1986 水道 Vol.34 No.-

폭기생물막(曝氣生物膜) 여과지(濾過池)의 여과저항(濾過抵抗)에 관한 연구(?究)

강용태,현길수,Kang, Yong Tae,Hyun, Kil Soo 대한토목학회 1992 대한토목학회논문집 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구는 사여과지(砂濾過池)에 대한 여과저항이론(濾過抵抗理論)을 기초로 하여 폭기생물막(曝氣生物膜) 여과지(濾過池)의 여과저항이론을 구명(究明)하는 것이다. 여과저항(濾過抵抗)에 크게 영향을 미치는 인자로는 사여과지의 경우 주로 현탁성 부유물질인 반면에 폭기생물막 여과지의 경우는 여층(濾層)내의 여재(濾材)표면에 부착된 미생물막(微生物膜)의 증식(增殖)과 SS성분의 부착 그리고 상승하는 기포(氣泡)의 정체 등이 여충내의 여재간극(濾材間隙)을 폐새(閉塞)시킴으로서 여과저항(濾過抵抗)을 발생시킨다. 이러한 영향 인자들은 사여과저항(砂濾過抵抗) 이론(理論)에 접목시킨 결과 폭기생물막(曝氣生物膜) 이론식(理論式)을 도출할 수 있었다. 따라서 본 연구에서 제안된 폭기생물막 여과저항 이론식을 pilot plant를 통한 수처리실험(水處理實驗) 결과 이론치와 실험치가 잘 일치함을 보임으로서 실제 여과지(濾過池) 설계시 적용가능함을 알 수 있었다. The purpose of this research, through kinetic analyses and pilot plant experimentation of biofilm filtration reactor, is to study the theoretical equation of head loss in the Biofilm Reactor. The Head loss in the biofilm reactor has occurred due to the biofilm growth and the adhesion to the media surface and stagnation of upflow air bubble, which have caused the pore spaces to become smaller. On a basis of the head loss theory of sand filtration, therefore, the following equation of head loss for the biofilm reactor was proposed from this research results and proved to be possible to apply the equation for practical design of the biofilm filter. $h={\frac{h_o}{L}}{\int}^L_00.58\exp[-4.5){\sigma}_B)][{\frac{1-{\varepsilon}_o+({\sigma}_B)}{1-{\varepsilon}_o}}]^2{[\frac{{\varepsilon}_o}{{\varepsilon}_o-({{\varepsilon}_B)}}]^3dz$ here ${\sigma}_B=0.130+0.001{\theta}$.

도시하천의 초기월류수를 이용한 비점오염특성 연구

강용태(Kang, Yong-Tae),한상윤(Han, Sang-Yun),조용현(Cho, Yong-Hyun),송근관(Song, Kuen-Kwan),전종규 한국산학기술학회 2007 한국산학기술학회 학술대회 Vol.- No.-

비강우시와 강우시 학장천의 수질은 BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, SS에 대해 각각 11.0~31.3mg/L, 15.6~31.4mg/L, 5.762~15.937mg/L, 0.918~1.291mg/L, 18.1~31.4mg/L와 27.2~65.1mg/L, 32.1~73.2mg/L, 13.409~18.051mg/L, 1.263~2.282mg/L, 66.0~417.9mg/L로 나타나 학장천은 전형적인 생활하수의 특성을 지녔으며, 강우시 발생되는 초기월류수에 다량의 비점오염물질이 포함됨을 알 수 있었다. 강우시 발생된 월류수의 유량을 측정한 결과 학장천의 유출계수는 0.61~083의 범위였고, 초기세척효과는 SS>T-N>COD>BOD>T-P>1 의 순서로 그 정도가 크게 나타났다. 학장천 초기월류수의 유량가중평균농도를 산정한 결과 대부분의 항목에서 청천시의 수질농도보다 높게 나타나 강우에 의한 월류수의 비점오염물질의 유출이 심각함을 알 수 있다.

낙동강 하류부 유입지천의 초기 강우 유출특성과 비점오염부하량 연구

강용태(Kang yong-tae),한상윤(Han sang-yun),전종규(Jeon jong-gyu),송근관(Song kune-kwan),조용현(Cho yong-hyun) 한국콘텐츠학회 2007 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 낙동강 하류부의 도심하천인 학장천 하류부에서 유출되는 강우월류수를 실험대상으로 선정하여, 강우시 유출되는 월류수의 유량 및 수질특성을 조사하고, 이로부터 유출계수, 유량가중평균농도(EMC), 수질항목별 초기세척효과, 유출량-오염부하량의 상관관계를 조사 및 분석하여 학장천의 강우월류수에 포함된 비점오염원의 부하량을 산정하였다. 조사결과 학장천의 유출계수는 0.61~0.83의 범위로 나타났고, 유량 가중 평균농도(EMCs)의 범위는 BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, SS에 대해 각각 24.0~55.0㎎/L, 21.04~40.82㎎/L, 11.5~48.1㎎/L, 0.8~1.6㎎/L, 33.3~191.5㎎/L임을 알 수 있었다. 초기세척효과는 BOD, COD T-N, T-P, SS에 대해 모두 기울기가 1이상의 값을 나타내었고, SS>T-N>COD>BOD>T-P의 순서로 그 정도가 크게 나타났다. 유출량-오염부하량의 상관관계에서 SS가 유출량에 가장 영향을 많이 받는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study is firstly to evaluate the quantity and quality of the stormwater during precipitation and drought in Hak-jang stream, secondly to calculate runoff coefficient, EMCs(event mean concentrations), first flushing effect, relationship between the runoff volume and pollutant loading and finally to analysis the quantitative of the occurrence characteristics of non-point sources in Hak-jang. The calculated runoff coefficient range of Gam-jeon stream were 0.77~0.84, Hak-jang stream's runoff coefficient range were 0.61~0.83. Measured EMCs ranges of BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, SS in Hak-jang stream were 24.0~55.0㎎/L, 21.04~40.82㎎/L, 11.5~48.1㎎/L, 0.8~1.6㎎/L, 33.3~191.5㎎/L respectively. The slope value of the first-flush effect was over 1 in all of the BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, SS and SS>T-N>COD>BOD>T-P was in order. The result of relationship between the runoff volume and pollutant loading was that SS loading was seriously affected by rainfall event.

기존하수처리장의 고도처리 개선방안에 관한 연구

강용태(Yong Tae Kang),김태형(Tae Hyung Kim) 한국수처리학회 1996 한국수처리학회지 Vol.4 No.3

Nutrients of nitrogen and phosphorus in the effluent inadequately treated by the existing wastewater treatment system have aggregated the contamination of the river, estuary, and coastal areas. In order to improve the effluent, the introduction of an advanced treatment processes into the existing wastewater treatment system have required. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate and investigate on the conversion of the existing wastewater treatment system to an advanced wastewater treatment system through the investigation of characteristics of wastewater in our country. This experiment was carried out pilot-scale plant of Advanced Step Aeration (ASA) system at D Wastewater Treatment Plant in M city. The results of this study showed that the ASA system was very effective in improving the effluent compared to the existing wastewater treatment system. The percentages of nitrogen and phosphorus removals by ASA system were more than 80% as well as more than 85% removal of BOD, COD and SS. Compared to Bardenpho, VIP, A₂O and AO systems, the ASA system deviced from this study was the cost-effectiveness for required land area, control and management, and cost in retrofiting the existing wastewater treatment system largely depending on conventional activated sludge processes.

하수 재이용을 위한 처리시스템의 구성 및 처리특성

강용태(Yong-Tae Kang),김화석(Hwa-Suk Kim),조용현(Yong-Hyun Cho) 동아대학교 해양자원연구소 2002 동아대학교 해양자원연구소 연구논문집 Vol.14 No.-

Experimental study of Pilot-plant scale has been performed with ASA system connected with Sand filter, GAC, and RO as wastewater reusing system. As the results of the batch test performance of ASA + Sand filter + GAC connecting with RO, Cl?, COD, NH₄-N and PO4-P were over 99% in all cases of 20 bar, 30 bar and 40 bar. Especially, Cl? level was shown with excellent removal rate of over 99%. It was sure that all the items had over 90% removal. 20 bar selected in RO batch test was adopted to continuous test. The results have it that Cl?, COD, NH₄-N, PO₄-P and Ca²? except for turbidity were over 91%. Through the assessment of wastewater reuse, only the treatment by ASA + Sand filter or ASA + Sand filter + GAC system is applicable to toilet flushing or cleaning. Particularly, it is considered that ASA + Sand filter plus RO system is very effective as dyeing industy water which need high water quality.

낙동강 수계 수질예측과 물처리기술대책

강용태(Yong Tae Kang),양희천(Hee Cheon Yang) 한국수처리학회 1996 한국수처리학회지 Vol.4 No.4

The Nakdong river being used as drinking water sources for Pusan metropolitan city has contaminated due to inflow of inadequately treated wastewater from the tributaries into the river. In order to predict the characteristics of the river according to the variations of the flow and contaminants loading, water quality of the Nakdong river for a year was simulated by QUAL2E. The intensive surveys for the characteristics of the river section from Dalsung to Mulgum the downstream end of the Nakdong river were conducted during December 1995 to November 1996. The results of this study were summarized as follows. 1. In the lower reaches of the Nakdong river under Hanam the velocity of flow was quite slow like a lake. In case of COD the levels in Mulgum was from 7.0㎎/ℓ to 11.2㎎/ℓ and these values turned out to be fifth grade in the water quality criteria of the lake water. 2. The Nakdong river is a river in which the coefficient of riverbed that is presented as the ratio of maximum flow to minimum flow is too large. During the period of investigation the maximum value for the instance of a branch stream was 1:487.3 in the point of Milryang river and for a main stream, 1:124.6 in the point of Samryangjin. Therefore, the phenomenon of water shortage was too heavy in a period of dry season. 3. In order to improve the quality of the river the Master Plan of the all area of the river basin needs over all. 4. T-N, T-P levels ranged from 4.123㎎/ℓ to 25.361㎎/ℓ and from 0.475㎎/ℓ to 2.458㎎/ℓ, respectively, in the middle and upper part of Nakdong river and due to these effects Chlorophyll-a in Mulgum area that is clean water resource of Pusan metropolitan city was very significant and ranged from 57.1㎎/㎥ to 209.5㎎/㎥. Accordingly the results have it that existing wastewater, livestock wastewater and urgently industrial wastewater treatment systems should be converted to advanced wastewater treatment system or wastewater reuse system. 5. In a wide water supply scheme of abstrating on the lower of Hapchun Dam, the usual abstraction of 100 million ㎥/day aggravates the water quality of Mulgum that is the water resource of Pusan metropolitan city. Therefore, in order to settle these problems, the optimum operating method after hanging Hapchun Dam into water supply exclusive dam should be examined so that water quality improvement could be achieved by supplying water for river maintenance. 6. It could be realized that the creation of Wichun industrial complex would make much worse the water quality in Mulgum in the value of BOD: 0.2㎎/ℓ, COD: 0.3㎎/ℓ. And also it will not be feasibable to introduce a perfect non-discharge system of industrial wastewater in current domestic situations because the development of water treatment technology for 100 percent of treated effluent reuse and the rise of cost of production were not under consideration. 7. It is very urgent as a short term counter measure to introduce pretreatment facility by way of Aerated Biofilm filtration for the water quality improvement of clean raw water of Pusan metropolitan city because a long period is needed to regenerates all the water of river. 8. Non-point sources in the area of the Nakdong river and contaminated sludge layer on riverbed should be analyized as soon as possible, and then the counter plan for the treatment removal scheme, which is included in the content of general Master Plan, also should be settle by the prior orders.

논문 : ABF 시스템에 의한 하수의 고도처리에 관한 연구

강용태(Yong Tae Kang),현길수(Kil Soo Hyun),김정현(Jeong Hyun Kim) 대한상하수도학회 1992 상하수도학회지 Vol.5 No.1

RFAA 시스템을 이용한 처리특성에 관한 연구

강용태(Kang yong-tae),조용현(Cho yong-hyun),송근관(Song kune-kwan),원태준(Won tae-jun),한상윤(Han sang-yun) 한국콘텐츠학회 2007 한국콘텐츠학회 종합학술대회 논문집 Vol.5 No.1

일반적으로 염색폐수는 높은 COD와 색도, 독성을 유발하는 다양한 염료를 함유하고 있어 그 처리에 많은 어려움을 안고 있으며, 기존의 염색폐수의 처리에 적용된 화화적/물리적 처리시스템은 대부분 고비용과 처리 후에 발생되는 폐기물에 대한 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구는 N염색산업공단에서 발생되는 염색폐수를 RFAA(Rapid Filtration Anaerobic-Aerobic)공정을 구성하여 처리하였다. 생물반응조의 HRT는 혐기/호기 각각 8hr이며, 고속응집침전여과기와 생물막여과조의 EBCT는 각각 7.2min과 3hr으로 운전되었다. Textile wastewater contains high concentrations of BOD, SS, COD, color, toxicity from residual dye. and various types of technologies can be applied chemical and physical treatment systems are mostly not cost effective and produce waste streams. Textile wastewater from the N' dye industrial park was treated by means of a RFAA(Rapid Filtration Anaerobic-Aerobic) process. Hydraulic retention time of anaerobic-aerobic reactor was 8h. Rapid filtration and biofilter was operated respectively at 7.2min and 3hr.

TRNSYS를 이용한 동적열부하 및 태양열 시스템의 최적화 계산

강용태(Yong Tae Kang),김효경(Hyo Kyong Kim),노승탁(Sung Tack Ro) 대한설비공학회 1988 대한설비공학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.1988 No.11