Joint Effects of Photoactive TiO2 and Fluoride-Doping on SnO2 Inverse Opal Nanoarchitecture for Solar Water Splitting

강순형,윤건 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Nowadays, the exploration of new photoelectrode architectures to improve the light-harvesting and charge-collection properties of photoelectrochemical cells and related devices have been regarded as a challenging work. Here, we synthesized the inverse opal SnO2 for photoelectrochemical water splitting by the spin-coating method exploring the polystyrene beads with a size of approximately 350 nm. The SnO2 inverse opal structure shows the photonic crystal effect with a wellordered hexagonal structure packing. Upon this film, the photoactive TiO2 layer with various thicknesses from 10 nm to 40 nm was deposited by atomic layer deposition. Herein, it is expected that an optimal TiO2 layer takes part in a role as a photoactive material. Adding to these results, the F doping on the SnO2 inverse opal film was also examined with the TiO2 layers. These results were confirmed using Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.

Formation and mechanistic study of self-ordered TiO2 nanotubes on Ti substrate

강순형,Jae-Yup Kim,Hyun Sik Kim,성영은 한국공업화학회 2008 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.14 No.1

The formation of anatase TiO2 nanotubes by anodic oxidation on a pure titanium substrate in an aqueous solution containing 0.5 wt.% NaF wasinvestigated.Nanotubeswithalengthof3mminananotubularTiO2lmwereobtainedinthepH4.2electrolyte.Instrongacidicsolution(pH1.5),TiO2 nanotubes of short length were formed due to the fast chemical dissolution rate. In this case, there was no variation of the average porediameter and wall thickness of the TiO2 nanotubes. From this experiment, it was again conrmed that the pH value of the electrolyte controls thethickness of thewell-aligned TiO2 nanotubes. A mechanistic study of the formation of the TiO2 nanotubes was performed based on the observationofthesurfacemorphology(top-viewandcross-sectionalview)usingFE-SEMandtheanalysisofthecurrentdensitytimecurves.Furthermore,themorphology of the anodized TiO2 lm shows a rough surface and irregular wall thickness, since the anodic reaction was performed in an aqueoussolution containing F. ions. The origin of this morphology was dealt with in detail in the FE-SEM study. The crystal structure of the TiO2nanotubes was conrmed using XRD and Raman analyses.# 2007 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

천연 염료를 이용한 염료 감응형 태양 전지 제작 및 평가

강순형 全南大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 2013 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.37 No.1

by doctor-blade method as a photoanode of dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Herein, natural dyes including blueberry, eggplant, grape, red cabbage, mango and spinach were extracted using the boiling and grinding methods, respectively. As a control sample, the commercial N719 dye was also prepared. Among various natural dyes, the absorbance of blueberry, grape and red cabbage dyes is quite similar to that of N719 dye, while mango and eggplant dyes shows the exponential increase of absorbance toward ultraviolet wavelength. But, in the case of spinach dye including the chlorophyll b, the absorbance was displayed in the certain range of ultra-violet wavelengths. Based on the absorbance of natural dyes, the photocurrent-voltage curves were evaluated under solar simulator (AM 1.5, 100 mW/cm2). Among them, only red cabbage, blueberry and eggplant dyes based sensitized solar cells exhibit the meaningful conversion efficiency above 0.02 % with a open-circuit voltage (Voc) of above 0.4 V, a short-circuit photocurrent (Jsc) of above 0.07 mA/cm2, a fill factor of above 50 %. Except for three dyes, other natural dyes exhibit the meaningless efficiencies. However, the conversion efficiency of three dyes based DSSCs are still low rather than that of N719 based DSSCs, being necessary for further investigation.

소자 적용을 위한 undoped와 n - 형 아연산화물 박막의 습식 식각 특성

강순형,임재홍,황대규,오진용,박성주 한국진공학회 2004 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

신라사리그릇 틀론(新羅舍利器 形式論) 1-1

강순형 국립문화재연구원 1994 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.27 No.-

Visible light absorbing TiO2 nanotube arrays by sulfur treatment for photoelectrochemical water splitting

강순형 한국공업화학회 2015 한국공업화학회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.2015 No.0

Herein, we report the preparation and characterizations of the sulfur (S)-doped TiO2 nanotube (TONT) arrays prepared by a sulfurization process of TONT arrays via electrochemical anodization on a Ti substrate with a pure TONT arrays The S-doped TONT arrays were prepared with the annealing temperature from 450ºC to 550ºC under H2S gas for 10 min, and these reaction conditions corresponded to no modification of the morphological features relative to that of the TONT arrays. Furthermore, the 500ºC annealed S-doped TONT arrays showed enhanced visible light absorption and high electric conductivity, thus resulting in the most improved photocurrent density (2.92 mA cm-2 at 1.0 V vs sat. Ag/AgCl) in the 0.1 M KOH solution as compared with that (0.965 mA cm-2 at 1.0 V vs sat. Ag/AgCl) of TONT arrays. In addition, the small photoactivity in the visible light region for the S-doped TONT arrays was observed up to a 600-nm wavelength. Related work would be discussed.

신라사리그릇 틀론(新羅舍利器 形式論) 2-1

강순형 국립문화재연구원 1994 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.27 No.-

수정박이 금동초꽂이 살핌 (수정감장금동촉대론) (水晶嵌裝金銅燭臺論)

강순형,Gang, Sun-Hyeong 국립문화재연구원 1995 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.28 No.-

신라사리그릇 틀론 -新羅舍利器形式論-

강순형,Gang, Sun-Hyeong 국립문화재연구원 1994 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.27 No.-

정병 받침그릇(淨甁承盤) 살핌 高麗불화(佛畵) : 수월관음그림(水月觀音圖)으로

강순형 국립문화재연구원 2001 헤리티지:역사와 과학 Vol.34 No.-

Among many different types of wares, we have amazing Sacred Water-pot(따르개,注子) from Gotyo-period(고리,高麗,918-1392). The stylistic peculiarity of Jung-Byoung(정병,淨甁) is described in 《Goryo-Dhogyoung,고리도경,高麗圖經》, thr classical design canon. it is said, "A sharpened mouth with narrow and prolonged neck is attached upon the broad mouth with thicker and even longer neck of the pot whose body intimates to the shape of melon." One could find this Jung-Byoung similar to the Indian drinking water jar,Kundika, which has been. even today, an everyday article in houses as well as in temples. In the early Buddhist cult, the object had been adopted as personal belonging of the Bodhisattvas(보살,菩薩), especially of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara(관세음보살,觀世音菩薩). In short, the purifying character of water is met by the sacred ware to deliver the refreshing Sweet-Water(Holy-Water, 깨맑물, 단물, 단이슬물, 정수, 감로, 감로수, 성수, 단물, 淨水, 甘露, 甘露水, 聖水):For the holy purpose of fulfilling the thirst of people, of symbolozing the virtuous dharma. Thus, Ggamslkh-Byoung(깨맑병,淨水), the literal Korean name, denotes purifying and clarifying and clarifying water-pot to us. Among many other Asian countries, India, China, Korea, and Japan have a profound cult of the sacred water-pot(Ggamalkh-Byoung, Jung-Byoung, 깨맑병,정병,정수병,감로병,감로수병,淨甁,淨水甁,甘露甁,甘露水甁). Therefore, this charming holy object drew much attention not only from master artisans to shape and deliver them to people but also from painters and sculptor for their endowment of thr sacred images dedicated to Buddha(부처,佛,佛陀). In China, the sacred water pot emerged in the period of Tang(당,唐,618-~907)-Period and underwent much sophistication later on, I. e., from earthenware, ceramic-porcelain, bronze, and silver. However, the following represents a challenge to the well-known Goryo-Than함(고리불화,高麗佛?) Painting of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara to our speculation on the Sacred Water-pot(정병,淨甁). The image suggests, when examined closely, that the Sacred Water-pot has been accompanied by, or placed in a transparent glasswere(유리그릇) or crystalbowl(수정그릇)! We have no other physical proof of the existence of such a Holding-Bowl(받침그릇,承盤), except for in this particular painting. This Holding-Bowl would have not been a mere elaboration on the practicality of controling the drips from the 《Goryi-Dhogyoung》it advises readers that this style of bowl is to be filled with hot water, and thus function as a preserver of heat in the water inside the pot. As an offering to the Buddha, the Sacred Water-pot could have been used for serving him hot tea. Hence the sacred bottle is to contain the refreshing water, the water transcends to nectar, and the nectar is prepared as a nectar tea to offer the Buddha. For both the Holding-Bowl of Gfamalkh-Byoung(Jung-Byoung)and the Celestial-Robe(날개옷,天衣) of the Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara, whose specified character is the Water-Moon(수월,水月) in this particular Thangka(불화,佛?) painting, the transparency is eddential. This is to refer to the purity and the lucid clarity of Bodhisattva Avalokitesvara and at a deeper level, to refer to the world of Buddhas-the Tushita(Paradise, Heaven,Eden,극락,불세계,極樂,佛世界). Howerver, without the discovery of an actual Holding-Bowl, accompanied by a Sacred Water-pot, such speculation will necessarily remain hypothetical. Nevertheless, there is an abundance of evidence of our ancient craftsmanship in jade and ctystal, dating back to the Bronze Age(1000~2B.C.) in Korea. By the time of the Three Kingdom0Period(삼국시대,三國時代,57B.C.~935A,D.), and especially the Silla(신라,新羅,57B.C.~935A.D.)-Empire, the jade and crystal ornamentation had become very intricate indeed. By the Goryo-Period(918~1392) and Chosun-Period(조선,朝鮮,1392~1910),crystal. By the Goryo-Period(918-1392) and Buddjist temples, whose master artsanship was heightened in the numerous Sarira-Cases(사리그릇,舍利器), containing relics and placed inside Stupas(탑,투,搭)! Therefore, duscovering a tiny part of the crystal or jade Holding-Bowl for the Sacred Water-pot and casting full light on this subject, would not be totally impossible. Lastly the present article shares the tiny hope for a sudden emergence of such a Holding-Bowl.