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군간부 숙소에 적용된 중용량 및 멀티 보일러 시스템의 난방 및 급탕에너지 비교
김민용(Min-Yong Kim),김영일(Young Il Kim),정광섭(Kwang Seop Chung) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2014 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.10 No.3
Heating and hot water supply energy consumption of medium and multi boiler systems applied to military officer housing are compared with in-situ experiment and TRNSYS dynamic simulation program. In a multiple boiler system, small capacity boilers are connected in paralled to meet the required capacity. For handling partial loads, medium capacity boiler relies on on-off control, while multi boiler adopts PI control. Since multi boiler has higher efficiency and better control strategy, the results show that energy consumption can be reduced significantly with the multi boiler system.
호르몬 대치요법이 60세 이상의 폐경후 여성 골밀도에 미치는 영향
김우선 ( Woo Sun Kim ),윤병구 ( Byung Koo Yoon ),김지영 ( Ji Young Kim ),최두석 ( Doo Seok Choi ),이제호 ( Je Ho Lee ),김주한 ( Joo Han Kim ),김광원 ( Kwang Won Kim ),민용기 ( Yong Ki Min ) 대한폐경학회 2007 대한폐경학회지 Vol.13 No.2
연구목적: 호르몬 대치요법은 폐경후 여성의 골밀도 소실을 억제한다. 노인 인구가 증가하면서 골다공증 및 골다공증성 골절이 의학적, 사회 경제적 문제로 대두되고 있으나, 우리 나라 에서는 노인에게 시행한 호르몬 대치요법이 골밀도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구가 드물었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 60세 이상의 폐경후 여성에게 투여한 호르몬 대치요법이 골밀도에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 삼성 서울 병원을 방문한 폐경후 여성 86명을 대상으로 하였다. 60세 미만 (n=58)과 60세 이상 (n=28)을 두 군으로 분류하여, conjugated estrogen 0.625 mg/day 또는 이와 동등한 역가를 가진 여성호르몬을 매월 25일 이상 투여하였다. 자궁이 있는 여성에게는 프로게트토겐을 지속적 또는 순차적으로 병합투여 하였다. 요추와 대퇴부의 골밀도는 이중에너지 X-선 흡수 계측법으로 호르몬 대치요법 전, 개시 6, 12, 24 개월에 측정하였다 결과: 60세 이상의 폐경 여성의 호르몬 대치요법 시행 24개월 후의 골밀도는 60세 이하 폐경 여성과 마찬가지로 치료 전에 비하여 유의하게 증가하는 양상을 보였다. 특히, 60세 이상 폐경 여성군의 호르몬 대치요법 시행 6개월 후 요추 골밀도의 증가율은 60세 이하의 여성보다 더욱 현저하였다 (3.6±3.7% vs. 5.7±7.3%, P<0.05). 골교체율 생화학적 표지자는 치료 전 두 군간 차이가 없었으며, 호르몬 대치요법 3개월 경과 후 두 군 모두 유의하게 감소된 양상을 보였다. 결론: 호르몬 대치요법을 받은 60세 이상의 폐경후 여성의 골밀도 증가는 60세 미만의 여성과 유사하였다. 또한 호르몬 대치요법 개시 6개월 후 요추 골밀도의 변화는 60세 이상의 여성에서 더욱 현저하였다. Objectives: Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) prevents bone loss in postmenopausal women. We studied the effect of HRT on bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean women over the age of 60. Methods: We measured BMD at the lumbar spine and femur neck by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 6, 12, and 24 months after HRT in 86 Korean postmenopausal women (age over 60, n=28; below 60, n=58). Women were given 0.625 mg of conjugated estrogen or the equivalent for 25 days or more each month. Women with uterus received continuous or sequential progesterone additionally. Results: HRT in women over the age of 60 was equally effective as in younger women in increasing BMD. The percentage changes, especially of lumbar BMD at 6 months after HRT were greater in the older women (3.6±3.7% vs. 5.7±7.3%, P<0.05). There was no difference in biochemical markers of bone turnover (serum osteocalcin, urine deoxypyridinoline) at baseline between two groups, they decreased significantly in both groups at 3 months after HRT. Conclusion: Data shows that postmenopausal women over the age of 60 tend to respond to HRT with similar increments in BMD compared to those in women below the age of 60. Moreover, the increment in lumbar BMD of women over the age of 60 is greater than that of the women below the age of 60.
김민용(Min-Yong Kim),김영일(Young Il Kim),정광섭(Kwang-Seop Chung) 한국지열·수열에너지학회 2011 한국지열에너지학회논문집 Vol.7 No.1
Due to enhanced sealing and insulation of buildings, extensive use of glasses for building envelopes and increased use of heat generating office equipments, energy consumption of modern buildings for cooling is steadily increasing. With outdoor air cooling(ODAC) system, cooling load can be reduced by exchanging indoor air with the cold outdoor air during spring and fall seasons. If ODAC is operated based only on temperature, total cooling load may virtually increase if the outdoor humidity is high. To overcome this problem, ODAC should be controlled based on enthalpy. In this work energy saving characteristics of enthalpy controlled ODAC is studied using dynamic simulation. The result shows that cooling load can be reduced by 27% by adopting ODAC.
8체질(體質) 설문지(說問紙)의 타당도(妥當度), 신뢰도(信賴度)에 관한 연구(硏究)
민재영 ( Jae-young Min ),김민용 ( Min-yong Kim ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.2
Background: Eight-Constitution Medicine (ECM) classifies the human body into eight constitutions. Diagnosis of discrimination of the eight constitutions depends on a unique pulse diagnosis. However, pulse diagnosis is subjective and requires vigorous training. Objectives: This study aims to analyze the validity and reliability of the Eight-Constitution Questionnaire as a diagnostic method. Methods: Participants of this study were outpatients in six ECM clinics located in Seoul. The resources were collected from 409 patients who were classified into one of the eightconstitutions according to their pulse types and their responses to constitution-acupuncture therapy. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for statistical analysis: factor analysis, reliability analysis, independent sample t-test, and multinomial logistic regression were used to verify the results. Results and Conclusions: 1. The proportion of participants` constitutions is in the order of Pancreotonia (23.7%), Colonotonia (19.8%), Pulmotonia (18.1%), Hepatonia (16.9%), Vesicotonia (8.1%), Cholecystotonia (7.3%), Renotonia (5.3%) and Gastrotonia (0.7%). 2. Sevencomponents and 74 items were selected through factor factor and relaibility analysis performed on about 251 items. 3. The firstcomponent`s mean is significantly higher in Pancreotonia than that in other constitutions (p<0.05). The second is in Pulmotonia and Colonotonia, whereas the third is in Hepatonia and Cholecystotonia. Fifth is in Vesicotonia, the sixth is in Colonotonia, and the fourth and seventh are not significant in specific constitutions. 4. The percentage that Pancreotonia is correctly predicted is 96.9%, Pulmotonia is 91.9%, Colonotonia is 91.4%, Hepatonia is 88.4%, Vesicotonia is 81.8%, Gastrotonia is 66.7%, Renotonia is 66.7%, Cholecystotonia is 30.0%, and the total percentage is 85.3%.
민재영 ( Jae-young Min ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),박재성 ( Jae-sung Park ),신용섭 ( Yong-sup Shin ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ),이상철 ( Sang-chul Lee ),김민용 ( Min-yong Kim ) 대한한의진단학회 2007 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.11 No.1
Objectives: The purpose of this research is to obtain basic data about the effects of Constitution-Acupuncture (CA) based on Eight-Constitution Medicine (ECM) by the expert CA Oriental Medical Doctors. Methods: The resources were collected from the internet survey method. 35 samples were collected. The SPSS 13.0 for windows and Answer Tree 3.0 was used for statistical analysis. Results: The results from this research are as follow. 1. The motivation that apply ECM to clinic are `Because ECM is effective for diagnosis, treatment and prevention against disease` 48.6% and `Because CA therapy is effective` 25.7%. 2. The advantage that CA therapy compare to the other acupuncture therapy are `Management and prevention against disease are available by ECM theory to a person who exact constitution is confirmed` 82.9%, `CA therapy is superior in treatment of hard symptoms to treat by the other acupuncture therapy` 80%, `Treatment effect is good` 77.1%, `Needle manipulation of CA is simple comparatively` 57.1%, `It is definite whether treatment effect is good or not` 54.3% and CA therapy is superior all in diseases of twelve category. 3. When the effects of CA is good, patients expressed much `Eyesight lightened`, `Took deep sleep at night`, `Fatigue decreased`, `Body is light`, `Feelings became refreshing` as well as `Symptoms were improved` and also physicians confirmed as those reactions whether treatment is effective. Conclusions: The research suggest that CA is effective therapy in clinic, and so further study is needed for CA therapy.
김희주 ( Hee-ju Kim ),신용섭 ( Young-sup Shin ),민재영 ( Jae-young Min ),김민용 ( Min-yong Kim ),박영재 ( Young-jae Park ),박영배 ( Young-bae Park ) 대한한의진단학회 2008 大韓韓醫診斷學會誌 Vol.12 No.1
Background: Eight-Constitution Medicine (ECM) devides the human body into eight constitutions. Up until now, checking the pulse types is only way to classify the eight constitution. Recently we try to make a questionnaire that is based on the Eight-Constitution characters and analyze the answer from patients who were classified into one of the eight constitutions according to their pulse types and their responses to constitution-acupuncture therapy Objective: This study intends to analyze each answer of the Eight-Constitution Questionnaire with independent sample t-test. Methods: Participants of this study were outpatients in ECM clinics located in Korea. The resources were collected from 925 patients who were classified into one of the eight constitutions according to their pulse types and their responses to constitution-acupuncture therapy. SPSS 13.0 for Windows was used for independent sample t-test. Results and Conclusions: 1. The proportion of participants` constitutions is in the order of Pancreotonia (28.0%), Colonotonia (17.3%), Pulmotonia (18.1%), Hepatonia (18.1%), Vesicotonia (8.5%), Cholecystotonia (7.0%), Renotonia (2.6%) and Gastrotonia (0.4%). 2. Eight-Constitution Questionnaire consists of 5 parts; Appearance, Character, Body reaction, Physiology & Pathology and Food reaction. 3. 10 items were chosen among 42 question about Appearance. 4. Due to the deficiency of Gastrotonia examples, useful items have to be given up. If we can gather Gastrotonia examples, we can use meaningful items more than 10.