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分生胞子穗 및 營養狀態가 고추 炭疸病菌(Colletotrichum dematium f. sp. capsicum)의 分子胞子 發芽에 미치는 影響
鄭鳳九,李相範 한국응용곤충학회 1986 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.25 No.1
Exogenous factor and nutrients affecting for conidial germination of Colletetrichum dematium f. sp. capsicum causing red pepper anthracnose were studied by slide germination test. Optimum temperature of conidial germination was at , ranging 15 to . Optimum pH was at 5.5, ranging 4.5 to 8.0, and more than 90% of relative humidity (RH) was optimum. Poor conidial germination of the fungus was observed on sterile distilled water, but potato sucrose broth (PSB), red pepper fruit broth (RPFB), green pepper fruit broth (GPFB) and pepper leaf broth (PLB) furnished a satisfactory nutrients for conidial germination. Exogenous supply of carbon and nitrogen sources were essential for conidial germination, while potassium, phosphorous and sulfur were not evident as that for carbon and nitrogen. Soluble starch was the most suitable as a carbon source for conidial germination and followed by D-glucose, D-galactose and lactose in that order. Maximum germination was attained in the conidia per ml. Germination was decreased with increment of conidial concentration, and in the density of conida per ml, germination was nearly supipressed. It suggested existing a self-inhibitor. Non-washed conidia germinated more than washed conidia, and conidial germination was also gradually decreased by increasing conidial density. 고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌)(Colletrichum denzatium f. sp. capsicum)의 발아(發芽)에 미치는 영양원(營養源) 및 환경요인(環境要因)의 영향(影響)을 구명(究明)코져 slide 발아법(發芽法)으로 실시(實施)하여 얻어진 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 1. 고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌) 분생포자(分生胞子) 발아(發芽)의 온도범위(溫度範圍)는 이고 최적온도(最適溫度)는 , pH 범위(範圍)는 이고 최적(最適) pH 는 5.5 였고 상대습도(相對濕度)는 포화(飽和)에 가까운 90% 이상(以上)의 상대습도(相對濕度)에서 발아율(發芽率)이 현저(顯著)히 좋았다. 2. 고추 탄저병균(炭疽病菌)의 포자발아(胞子發芽)는 PSB(potato sucrose broth), RPFD(red pepper fruit broth), GPFB(green pepper furit broth) 및 PLB (pepper leaf broth) 에서는 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었으나 살균증류수(殺菌蒸溜水)(D.W) 에서는 발아율(發芽率)이 현저(顯著)히 떨어지는 경향(傾向)이었다. 3. 탄소원(炭素源)과 질소원(窒素源)의 투여(投與)는 발아(發芽)에 절대적(絶對的)인 영향(影響)을 미치는 것으로 확인(確認)되었으며 K,P 및 S 등(等)의 무기염류(無機鹽類)는 뚜렷한 경향(傾向)을 보이지 않았다. 4. 탄소원(炭素源)이 발아(發芽)에 미치는 효과(效果)에서 단당류(單糖類)인 glucose 와 galactose 에서, 이당류(二糖類)인 lactose 에서 그리고 다당류(多糖類)인 가용성(可溶性) 전분(澱粉)에서 90% 이상(以上)의 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었다. 5. 현탁액(懸濁液)의 분생포자(分生胞子) 밀도(密度)가 일때 가장 높은 발아율(發芽率)을 나타내었고 이상(以上)일 때 발아율(發芽率)은 현저(顯著)히 감소(減少)되었으며 의 포자밀도(胞子密度)에서는 극(極)히 낮은 발아율(發芽率)을 보이는 것으로 미루어 포자밀도(胞子密度)의 증가(增加)가 self-inhibitor 로 작용(作用)하는 것으로 추측(推測)되며 기질(基質)을 제거(除去)한 분생포자(分生胞子)의 발아율(發芽率)은 기질(基質)을 제거(除去)하지 않은 분생포자(分生胞子)의 발아율(發芽率)보다 낮은 경향(傾向)을 보였으며 분생포자(分生胞子) 밀도(密度)가 증가(增加)할수록 더욱 현저(顯著)한 발아율(發芽率)의 감소(減少)를 가져왔다.
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木炭의 水蒸氣賦活法에 依한 粉末活性炭의 製造에 關한 硏究 : 原料木炭과 賦活條件이 粉末活性炭의 性能에 미치는 影響
鄭鍾九 동국대학교 농림과학연구소 1971 農林科學 論文集 Vol.4 No.-
The results of the experiment are summarized as follows: 1. The activation of charcoal varies according to its kind. The soft charcoal of small apparent specific gravity is great in reaction and readily activated as compared with the hard charcoal of large apparent specific gravity. The charcoal of Pinus is suitable to be used as the raw material of activated carbon, while the charcoals of Betula, Castanea and Quercus are considered unsuitable. The apparent specific gravity of charcoal increases as the carbonization temperature rise. This indicates, therefore, that the pine charcoal carbonized at low temperature is the most suitable raw material of activated carbon. In addition, as the activated carbon made by the soft charcoal is multihole type and cooled down rapidly even in the air, it is rarely reduced to ashes. 2. The yielding ratio increases as the hours of activation are shortened. However the yielding ratio may not be considered prerequisite, because the activity is the most important factor of the activated carbon. 3. The effect of decolorization is great in case of small yielding ratio. 4. In the relationship between the activation temperature and activity (decolorization), the higher temperature is strong in decolorization within the scope of the present experiment. 5. The longer hours of activation are great in the activity. 6. It was expected that the activation would be enhanced by expanding rapidly the internal moisture with the pretreatment of boiling charcoal grains and water in order that the grain may contain as much water as possible. However, the result of the experiment revealed futility of such expectation. 7. There was observed no effect on the quality however much vapour was added within the limit of minimum amount required for the activation. The air did not affect the quality of the activated carbon, while the yielding ratio decreased together with an increased amount. 8. In the activation experiment of fixed layer with the scale as performed, the activated carbon of 8-50 meshes brought about the best results. However, it will vary in case of scale up. 9. Chloro-picrin is effective for activation. The heat is dissolved at the activation temperature, and it contributes to reaction as Cl gas. Both the yielding ratio and caramel decolorization are enhanced, ash content decreases slightly and PH is nearly neutrality.
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