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Functional diversification of the two C-class MADS box genes OSMADS3 and OSMADS58 in Oryza sativa.
Yamaguchi, Takahiro,Lee, Dong Yeon,Miyao, Akio,Hirochika, Hikohiko,An, Gynheung,Hirano, Hiro-Yuki American Society of Plant Physiologists 2006 The Plant cell Vol.18 No.1
<P>The C-class MADS box gene AGAMOUS (AG) plays crucial roles in Arabidopsis thaliana development by regulating the organ identity of stamens and carpels, the repression of A-class genes, and floral meristem determinacy. To examine the conservation and diversification of C-class gene function in monocots, we analyzed two C-class genes in rice (Oryza sativa), OSMADS3 and OSMADS58, which may have arisen by gene duplication before divergence of rice and maize (Zea mays). A knockout line of OSMADS3, in which the gene is disrupted by T-DNA insertion, shows homeotic transformation of stamens into lodicules and ectopic development of lodicules in the second whorl near the palea where lodicules do not form in the wild type but carpels develop almost normally. By contrast, RNA-silenced lines of OSMADS58 develop astonishing flowers that reiterate a set of floral organs, including lodicules, stamens, and carpel-like organs, suggesting that determinacy of the floral meristem is severely affected. These results suggest that the two C-class genes have been partially subfunctionalized during rice evolution (i.e., the functions regulated by AG have been partially partitioned into two paralogous genes, OSMADS3 and OSMADS58, which were produced by a recent gene duplication event in plant evolution).</P>
A method of object tracking based on Particle Filter and Optical Flow
Takahiro Kodama,Teruo Yamaguchi,Hiroshi Harada 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
In this paper, we propose the technique for tracking the velocity of objects that combines the particle filter with optical flow. If color of the target or feature of its shape is unknown, some conventional particle filters are hard to apply because the prediction step of them are based on probabilistic theory. This problem can be solved by estimation method of optical flow. Experimental results show that unstructured objects can be tracked.
Significance of rescue hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection in difficult colorectal cases
Hayato Yamaguchi,Masakatsu Fukuzawa,Takashi Kawai,Takahiro Muramatsu,Taisuke Matsumoto,Kumiko Uchida,Yohei Koyama,Akira Madarame,Takashi Morise,Shin Kono,Sakiko Naito,Naoyoshi Nagata,Mitsushige Sugimo 대한소화기내시경학회 2023 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.56 No.6
Background/Aims: Hybrid endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), in which an incision is made around a lesion and snaring is per-formed after submucosal dissection, has some advantages in colorectal surgery, including shorter procedure time and preventing per-foration. However, its value for rescue resection in difficult colorectal ESD cases remains unclear. This study evaluated the utility of res-cue hybrid ESD (RH-ESD). Methods: We divided 364 colorectal ESD procedures into the conventional ESD group (C-ESD, n=260), scheduled hybrid ESD group(SH-ESD, n=69), and RH-ESD group (n=35) and compared their clinical outcomes. Results: Resection time was significantly shorter in the following order: RH-ESD (149 [90–197] minutes) >C-ESD (90 [60–140] min-utes) >SH-ESD (52 [29–80] minutes). The en bloc resection rate increased significantly in the following order: RH-ESD (48.6%), SH-ESD (78.3%), and C-ESD (97.7%). An analysis of factors related to piecemeal resection of RH-ESD revealed that the submucosal dis-section rate was significantly lower in the piecemeal resection group (25% [20%–30%]) than in the en bloc resection group (40% [20%–60%]). Conclusions: RH-ESD was ineffective in terms of curative resection because of the low en bloc resection rate, but was useful for avoid-ing surgery.
Radiotherapy for locally recurrent rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as the initial treatment
Tanaka, Hidekazu,Yamaguchi, Takahiro,Hachiya, Kae,Okada, Sunaho,Kitahara, Masashi,Matsuyama, Katsuya,Matsuo, Masayuki The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: Although the technical developments of radiotherapy have been remarkable, there are currently few reports on the treatment results of radiotherapy for local recurrence of rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as initial treatment in this three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy era. Thus, we retrospectively evaluated the treatment results of radiotherapy for local recurrence of rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as the initial treatment. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients who underwent radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. The dose per fraction was 2.0-3.5 Gy. Because the treatment schedule was variable, the biological effective dose (BED) was calculated. Results: Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) rates from the completion of radiotherapy were calculated. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year LC rates were 51.5%, 24.5%, 19.6%, 19.6%, and 13.1%, respectively. LC rates were significantly higher for the high BED group (${\geq}75Gy_{10}$) than for the lower BED group (<$75Gy_{10}$). All patients who reported pain achieved pain relief. The duration of pain relief was significantly higher for the high BED group than for the lower BED group. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS rates were 82.6%, 56.5%, 45.2%, 38.7%, and 23.2%, respectively. There was a trend toward higher OS rates in with higher BED group compared to lower BED group. Conclusion: For patients with unresectable locally recurrent rectal cancer treated with surgery alone, radiotherapy is effective treatment. The prescribed BED should be more than $75Gy_{10}$, if the dose to the organ at risk is within acceptable levels.
Evo- Devo of Leaf Shape Control with a Special Emphasis on Unifacial Leaves in Monocots
Hirokazu Tsukaya,Takahiro Yamaguchi 한국식물분류학회 2007 식물 분류학회지 Vol.37 No.4
In angiosperms, leaves typically develop as three-dimensional structure with dorsoventral, longitudinal, and lateral axes. We have shown that the control of two axes of leaves, longitudinal and lateral axis, can be genetically separable, and four classes of genes are responsible for the polar cell expansion and polar cell proliferation in Arabidopsis. In monocots, unifacial leaf, in which leaf surface consists only of abaxial identity, has been evolved in a number of divergent species. The unifacial leaves provide very unique opportunities for the developmental studies of the leaf axes formation in monocots, because their leaf polarities are highly disorganized. In addition, the mechanism of the parallel evolution of such drastic changes in leaf polarities is of interest from an evolutionary viewpoint. In this article, we describe our recent approaches to reveal the mechanism of unifacial leaf development and evolution, including recent advances in the leaf polarity specification in angiosperms.
Radiotherapy for locally recurrent rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as the initial treatment
Hidekazu Tanaka,Takahiro Yamaguchi,Kae Hachiya,Sunaho Okada,Masashi Kitahara,Katsuya Matsuyama,Masayuki Matsuo 대한방사선종양학회 2017 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.35 No.1
Purpose: Although the technical developments of radiotherapy have been remarkable, there are currently few reports on the treatment results of radiotherapy for local recurrence of rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as initial treatment in this three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy era. Thus, we retrospectively evaluated the treatment results of radiotherapy for local recurrence of rectal cancer treated with surgery alone as the initial treatment. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients who underwent radiotherapy were enrolled in this study. The dose per fraction was 2.0–3.5 Gy. Because the treatment schedule was variable, the biological effective dose (BED) was calculated. Results: Local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) rates from the completion of radiotherapy were calculated. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year LC rates were 51.5%, 24.5%, 19.6%, 19.6%, and 13.1%, respectively. LC rates were significantly higher for the high BED group (≥75 Gy10) than for the lower BED group (<75 Gy10). All patients who reported pain achieved pain relief. The duration of pain relief was significantly higher for the high BED group than for the lower BED group. The 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-year OS rates were 82.6%, 56.5%, 45.2%, 38.7%, and 23.2%, respectively. There was a trend toward higher OS rates in with higher BED group compared to lower BED group. Conclusion: For patients with unresectable locally recurrent rectal cancer treated with surgery alone, radiotherapy is effective treatment. The prescribed BED should be more than 75 Gy10, if the dose to the organ at risk is within acceptable levels.