Modeling, Preparation, and Elemental Doping of Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ Garnet-Type Solid Electrolytes: A Review

Cao, Shiyu,Song, Shangbin,Xiang, Xing,Hu, Qing,Zhang, Chi,Xia, Ziwen,Xu, Yinghui,Zha, Wenping,Li, Junyang,Gonzale, Paulina Mercedes,Han, Young-Hwan,Chen, Fei The Korean Ceramic Society 2019 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.56 No.2

Recently, all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) have attracted increasing interest owing to their higher energy density and safety. As the core material of ASSBs, the characteristics of the solid electrolyte largely determine the performance of the battery. Thus far, a variety of inorganic solid electrolytes have been studied, including the NASICON-type, LISICON-type, perovskite-type, garnet-type, glassy solid electrolyte, and so on. The garnet Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) solid electrolyte is one of the most promising candidates because of its excellent comprehensively electrochemical performance. Both, experiments and theoretical calculations, show that cubic LLZO has high room-temperature ionic conductivity and good chemical stability while contacting with the lithium anode and most of the cathode materials. In this paper, the crystal structure, Li-ion transport mechanism, preparation method, and element doping of LLZO are introduced in detail based on the research progress in recent years. Then, the development prospects and challenges of LLZO as applied to ASSBs are discussed.

Study on Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Composites Reinforced by Hybrids of Chitosan and Bamboo Charcoal/Silica

Xiang Xu Li(리시앙수),Ur Ryong Cho(조을룡) 한국고분자학회 2018 폴리머 Vol.42 No.5

키토산-폴리(비닐 알코올)(CS-PVA) 젤 및 충전제[뱀부차콜(BC) 및 실리카(SI)] 첨가에 대한 스티렌-부타디엔 고무의 점탄성 물성을 조사하였다. 스디렌-부타디엔 고무 라텍스에 상호 침투 가교 방법으로 제조된 키토산-PVA-뱀부차콜/실리카(BC/SI-CS-PVA) 혼성체를 혼합하여 고무복합체를 제조하였다. 고무 가공분석기의 변형 스윕(strain sweep) 및 주파수 스윕(frequency sweep) 기능을 사용하여 제조된 복합체(composites) 및 가황체(vulcanizates)의 점탄성을 조사하였다. 주사전자현미경 및 내마모성 측정을 통해서 가교 구성 및 기계적 물성을 확인하였다. 충전제의 종류에 따라서 스티렌-부타디엔 고무의 저장 탄성률(G") 및 탄성 토크(S")는 현저하게 증가하였다. 실험 결과를 통해서 BC-CS-PVA 혼성체가 가장 높은 저장 탄성률(G"), 탄성 토크(S") 및 내마모성의 결과를 보였다. 따라서 BC-CSPVA 혼성체가 SBR 복합체에 가장 좋은 점탄성 물성 및 기계적 물성의 보강 효과를 보였다. The influences of chitosan-poly(vinyl alcohol) (CS-PVA) gel and different fillers [bamboo charcoal (BC) and silica (SI)] on the viscoelastic properties of styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were studied in this work. The chitosan-PVAbamboo charcoal/silica (BC/SI-CS-PVA) hybrid fillers compatibilized SBR composites were fabricated by interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) method. The viscoelastic behaviors of the rubber composites and their vulcanizates were explored using a rubber processing analyzer (RPA) in the modes of strain and frequency sweeps. Storage modulus (G") and elastic torque (S") of the SBR increased significantly with the incorporation of different hybrid filler. BC-CS-PVASBR composite showed the highest storage modulus and elastic torque and abrasion resistance, which means BC-CSPVA hybrid filler could make the best reinforcement of viscoelastic and mechanical properties for SBR material in this research.

Mechanical Properties of Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Reinforced with Hybrids of Chitosan and Bamboo Charcoal/Silica

( Xiang Xu Li ),( Ur Ryong Cho ) 한국고무학회 2019 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.54 No.1

Chitosan-polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) -bamboo charcoal/silica (CS-PVA-BC/SI) hybrid fillers with compatibilized styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites were fabricated by the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) method. The structure and composition of the composite samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The viscoelastic behaviors of the rubber composites and their vulcanizates were explored using a rubber processing analyzer (RPA) in the rheometer, strain sweep and temperature sweep modes. The storage and loss moduli of SBR increased significantly with the incorporation of different hybrid fillers, which was attributed to the formation of an interphase between the hybrid fillers and rubber matrix, and the effective dispersion of the hybrid fillers. The mechanical properties (hardness, tensile strength, oxygen transmission rate, and swelling rate) of the composite samples were characterized in detail. From the results of the mechanical test, it was found that BC-CS-PVA0SBR had the best mechanical properties. Therefore, the BC-CS-PVA hybrid filler provided the best reinforcement effects for the SBR latex in this research.

A Study on Surface Treatment for Rubber Materials with Low Friction Factor

( Xiang Xu Li ),( Ur Ryong Cho ) 한국고무학회 2016 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.51 No.1

Multi-Surface (MS) treatment is a new technique of surface treatment to reduce the static friction factor on the surface of rubber. MS treatments include 4 methods which names are MS-V (UV-irradiation on the rubber surface), MSM (doing the chemical reaction with double bond of rubber), MS-Q (dilution of rubber surface by silicone surfactant), and MS-P (coating and heating of rubber surface). The experiment and test of every MS-treatment had been carried out using acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR), ethylene-propylene-diene rubber (EPDM), and chlorosulphonated rubber (CSM) as rubber materials. It had introduced the steps of every MS-treatment process and the result of the properties test. From the research, it was found that the best method was MS-V treatment because it suited all the samples and the effect was obviously.

Fibulin2: a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation in infected bone fracture healing

Li Shi-Dan,Xing Wei,Wang Shao-Chuan,Li You-Bin,Jiang Hao,Zheng Han-Xuan,Li Xiao-Ming,Yang Jing,Guo De-Bin,Xie Xiao-Yu,Jiang Ren-Qing,Fan Chao,Li Lei,Xu Xiang,Fei Jun 생화학분자생물학회 2023 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.55 No.-

Bone fracture remains a common occurrence, with a population-weighted incidence of approximately 3.21 per 1000. In addition, approximately 2% to 50% of patients with skeletal fractures will develop an infection, one of the causes of disordered bone healing. Dysfunction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) plays a key role in disordered bone repair. However, the specific mechanisms underlying BMSC dysfunction caused by bone infection are largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that Fibulin2 expression was upregulated in infected bone tissues and that BMSCs were the source of infection-induced Fibulin2. Importantly, Fibulin2 knockout accelerated mineralized bone formation during skeletal development and inhibited inflammatory bone resorption. We demonstrated that Fibulin2 suppressed BMSC osteogenic differentiation by binding to Notch2 and inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway. Moreover, Fibulin2 knockdown restored Notch2 pathway activation and promoted BMSC osteogenesis; these outcomes were abolished by DAPT, a Notch inhibitor. Furthermore, transplanted Fibulin2 knockdown BMSCs displayed better bone repair potential in vivo. Altogether, Fibulin2 is a negative regulator of BMSC osteogenic differentiation that inhibits osteogenesis by inactivating the Notch2 signaling pathway in infected bone.

Study on Mechanical Properties Modification of Styrene Butadiene Rubber Composites Filling with Graphene and Molybdenum Disulfide

Xu, Li Xiang,Sohn, Mi Hyun,Kim, Yu Soo,Jeong, Ye Rin,Cho, Ur Ryong The Korean Society Of SemiconductorDisplay Technol 2019 반도체디스플레이기술학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites, incorporated with graphene, molybdenum disulfide and their hybrid in different filling ratio, were fabricated by a two roll-mill. The dispersion states of all the samples' matrix were employed by carbon black dispersion tester. The curing properties of the pre-vulcanized rubber composites were investigated, after molding by heating press machine, the tensile strength, storage modulus, friction coefficient, the swelling property had also been tested according to ASTM. The composite G1M10 (filling with 1 phr graphene and 10 phr molybdenum) showed the best mechanical properties and viscoelastic properties in this research with a better filler dispersion state and more compact matrix structure.

Reinforcement Effects of Sulfonated Bamboo Charcoal-Chitosan (sBC-CS) Hybrid for Styrene-Butadiene Rubber Latex

Xiang Xu Li(리시앙수),Ji Hwan Oh(오지환),Shin Hye Kang(강신혜),Sun Ho Jang(장선호),Dam Hee Lee(이담희),Ur Ryong Cho(조을룡) 한국고분자학회 2017 폴리머 Vol.41 No.5

스티렌-부타디엔 고무에 4가지 충전제(키토산, 뱀부차콜 분말, 술폰화된 뱀부차콜, 술폰화된 뱀부차콜-키토산 혼성체)를 사용하여 라텍스 컴파운드법으로 고무복합체를 제조하였다. 주사전자현미경과 카본블랙 분산 테스트를 통해서 균일하게 충전제가 고무 매트릭스 내에 분산되었음을 확인하였으며, 가황된 고무복합체의 인장강도, 저장 탄성률, 내마모성, 마찰 계수, 팽윤 특성, 산소 투과도를 조사하였다. 술폰화된 뱀부차콜-키토산 혼성체가 다른 충전제보다 고무 매트릭스에 분산된 입자가 더 작고 잘 분산된 상태를 보였다. 또한 좋은 소수성 성질과 균일한 분산도로 충전제 중 가장 우수한 보강 성능을 보였다. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) composites, incorporated with four kinds of fillers (chitosan, bamboo charcoal powder, sulfonated bamboo charcoal and sulfonated bamboo charcoal-chitosan hybrid) with similar filling ratio, were fabricated by a latex compounding method. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and carbon black dispersion tests were employed to confirm the uniform dispersion of filler in the matrix. The tensile strength, storage modulus, abrasion resistance, friction coefficient, swelling property, and oxygen transmission rates of the vulcanized rubber composites were investigated. The sulfonated bamboo charcoal-chitosan hybrid (sBC-CS) showed a smaller particle size and a better dispersion state compared with those of other fillers. In addition, this compound exhibited the best mechanical reinforcing performance among the four fillers with its great hydrophobic property and good dispersion rate.

Study on Properties with Different Plasticizers in the Preparation of Polymer Compounds for Cable Sheath

( Xiang Xu Li ),( Sang Bong Lee ),( Ur Ryong Cho ) 한국고무학회 2019 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.54 No.1

Four different polymer compounds were prepared from four kinds of plasticizers, viz. di-2-ethylhexyl azelate (DOZ), di-2-ethylhexyl adipate (DOA), di-2-ethylhexyl sebacate (DOS), and di-2-butyl sebacate (DBS), for making cable sheaths for ships. Ethylene-vinyl acetate and ethylene-propylene-diene-copolymer as matrix polymers and ethylene-vinyl acetate grafted maleic anhydride as a coupling agent were compounded with a flame retardant, crosslinking agent, filler, and other additives, besides the plasticizer to obtain the polymer compounds. The polymer containing DOZ showed the highest MH and ΔT in the rheology test, while that containing DBS was found to have the lowest tensile strength and highest elongation because of low ΔT. The four polymers showed similar values (31.7-31.9) for flame resistance, while the polymer containing DOZ showed the highest value for cold resistance.

Effect of fermented biogas residue on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality in pigs

Xu, Xiang,Li, Lv-mu,Li, Bin,Guo, Wen-jie,Ding, Xiao-ling,Xu, Fa-zhi Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2017 Animal Bioscience Vol.30 No.10

Objective: This study investigated the effect of fermented biogas residue (FBR) of wheat on the performance, serum biochemical parameters, and meat quality in pigs. Methods: We selected 128 pigs (the mean initial body weight was $40.24{\pm}3.08kg$) and randomly allocated them to 4 groups (1 control group and 3 treatment groups) with 4 replicates per group and 8 pigs per pen in a randomized complete block design based on initial body weight and sex. The control group received a corn-soybean meal-based diet, the treatment group fed diets containing 5%, 10%, and 15% FBR, respectively (abbreviated as FBR5, FBR10, and FBR15, respectively). Every group received equivalent-energy and nitrogen diets. The test lasted 60 days and was divided into early and late stages. Blood and carcass samples were obtained on 60 d. Meat quality was collected from two pigs per pen. Results: During the late stage, the average daily feed intake and average daily gain of the treatment groups was greater than that of the control group (p<0.05). During the entire experiment, the average daily gain of the treatment groups was higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). Fermented biomass residue did not significantly affect serum biochemical parameters or meat quality, but did affect amino acid profiles in pork. The contents of Asp, Arg, Tyr, Phe, Leu, Thr, Ser, Lys, Pro, Ala, essential amino acids, non-essential amino acids, and total amino acids in pork of FBR5 and FBR10 were greater than those of the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: These combined results suggest that feeding FBR could increase the average daily gain and average daily feed intake in pigs and the content of several flavor-promoting amino acids.

Distribution characteristics of fungal communities with depth in paddy fields of three soil types in China

Xu Li,Huanhuan Wang,Xiang Li,Xinyu Li,Huiwen Zhang 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.4

Little is known about the distribution of fungal communities with soil depth on relatively large scales. In this study, typical paddy soils in three regions (Hailun, Changshu, and Yingtan) from north to south China were selected to investigate the vertical distribution (0-100 cm) of the fungal community by Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and to identify the main factors influencing the fungal community distribution. The results indicated that the structure of the soil fungal community changed significantly with region and soil depth. Soil fungal taxa such as Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Saccharomycete, Kazachstania, Mortierella, Massariosphaeria, Hypholoma, and Zopfiella were enriched at depths of 0–20 cm, whereas Dothideomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Sporobolomyces, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula, Fusarium, and Pyrenochaetopsis had high relative abundances at 80–100 cm. Variance partitioning analysis indicated that the geographic distance contributed more to the fungal community variation than environmental variables on a large scale. In addition, soil total carbon and nitrogen contents were the main environmental factors driving the vertical distribution of the fungal community in paddy soils.