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A Study of Calligraphic Skill by Virtual Brush-Writing with Haptic Device
Toshio HIRA,Kenichi IIDA 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10
Handwritten characters involve much variant appearance by each individual. Especially, brush-writing, such in Japanese or Chinese calligraphy, is very skillful action, since the writer is required to activate the calligraphic technique, such as the pullout, the stop, and flick, with softness of the brush. In this article, we implemented a virtual brush-writing system with the pen-style haptic device which enables human-computer interaction through the touch with force-feedback. The system provides the reaction force against the virtual paper, and records the brush stroke by means of brush-tip position and pressure during the virtual writing. In order to describe the strokes by each writer, we utilized Hidden Markov model (HMM). It is regarded as that the observation sequence and hidden state, in terms of HMM, are corresponding to the stroke (pressure and velocity sequence) and the calligraphic technique. The model was trained by the stroke of six writers, and these models were experimentally verified for classification and evaluation of the similarity among the strokes of each writer. It might be considered that the likelihood through the HMM parameters suggests the measure of calligraphic skill of writer.
HIRA Toshio,IIDA Kenichi 제어로봇시스템학회 2022 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2022 No.11
It is illustrated in general that the design process at the conceptual stage is highly dependent on individual skills and aesthetic sense. However, even in a subjective phase, objective aspects such as mechanical rationality are implicitly considered, and these two perspectives are inseparable. A concept of Mechanical Kansei defined as “the capability to evaluate and judge impressions in terms of unconscious, intuitive, and integrative information in mechanics,” has been proposed as a clue for interpreting the relationship between such impressions of objects and structural rationality in civil engineering and architecture fields. In this paper, we considered the Mechanical Kansei as the ability to intuitively recall shapes and forms that reflect the flow of forces from the given design domain and boundary conditions. The topology-optimized shape was taken as the structure that visualizes the flow. A Variational Autoencoder (VAE) was used to learn a set of shapes topology-optimized to the randomly located supports of a simple beam. The result shows that a two-dimensional latent variable space can derive the rational structures through the decoder without the mechanical model. This latent representation of topology-optimized shapes can be a clue to understanding the Mechanical Kansei.
Development of Omnidirectional Electric Wheelchair with Zabuton Sensor
Kenichi Iida,Hisao Yoshikawa,Taichi Mori,Toshio Hira 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
In this paper, we propose an Omnidirectional Electric Wheelchair (OEW). The proposed OEW has four omniwheels for the omnidirectional movement. Two of the omniwheels are arranged to X-axis direction and the other two are arranged to Y-axis direction. By controlling the movement of the omniwheels, the OEW can instantaneously rotate and move in all directions. Hence that, especially in the narrow spaced indoor environment, the omnidirectional nature of the OEW has an advantage over the standard wheelchair. Furthermore, the operator’ posture is used as signal to the OEW. The operator’ posture is measured by a “abuton sensor”which uses a pressure sensor to measure the pressure distribution. The effectiveness of proposed the system is reflected by the experimental results of the prototype OEW and Zabuton sensor system.
Radiographic and Clinical Results of C1 Laminoplasty for the Treatment of Compressive Myelopathy
Tarukado Kiyoshi,Ikuta Ko,Iida Keiichiro,Tono Osamu,Doi Toshio,Harimaya Katsumi 대한척추외과학회 2020 Asian Spine Journal Vol.14 No.4
Study Design: Case series.Purpose: To evaluate the radiographic and clinical results of C1 laminoplasty without fusion.Overview of Literature: C1 laminectomy has been the standard procedure for decompression at the C1 level. However, there have been some reports of trouble cases after C1 laminectomy. C1 laminoplasty might be superior to C1 laminectomy with regard to maintaining the original C1 anatomical shape, preventing compression from the posterior soft tissue, and ensuring an adequate bonegrafting site around the C1 posterior part if additional salvage fusion surgery is necessary afterward.Methods: Seven patients with spinal cord compression without obvious segmental instability at the C1/2 level treated by C1 laminoplasty were included. The indication of C1 laminoplasty was same as that of C1 laminectomy. C1 laminoplasty was performed in the same way as subaxial double-door laminoplasty. The imaging findings were evaluated using X-ray, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. The clinical results were evaluated using the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) Cervical Myelopathy Evaluation Questionnaire (JOACMEQ) and JOA score. Peri- and postoperative complications were also investigated.Results: No patient showed increased C1/2 segmental instability after the surgery. The mean pre- and postoperative JOA scores were 8.6 and 11.7, respectively. The mean recovery rate was 40.2%. The effective rate in the JOACMEQ was 50% for the cervical spine function, 33% for the upper extremity function, 50% for the lower extremity function, 17% for the bladder function, and 17% for the quality of life. No major complication that seemed to be unique to C1 laminoplasty was observed over a period of about 4 years follow-up.Conclusions: C1 laminoplasty for patients without obvious segmental instability might be a viable alternative procedure to C1 laminectomy.