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Cho, Sunghee,Moon, Heegyum,Loh, Tiing Jen,Oh, Hyun Kyung,Kim, Hey-Ran,Shin, Myung-Geun,Liao, D. Joshua,Zhou, Jianhua,Zheng, Xuexiu,Shen, Haihong Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 The Scientific World Journal Vol.2014 No.-
<P>Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a human genetic disease which occurs because of the deletion or mutation of SMN1 gene. SMN1 gene encodes the SMN protein which plays a key role in spliceosome assembly. Although human patients contain SMN2, a duplicate of SMN1, splicing of SMN2 produces predominantly exon 7 skipped isoform. In order to understand the functions of splice site sequences on exon 7 and 8, we analyzed the effects of conserved splice site sequences on exon 7 skipping of SMN2 and SMN1 pre-mRNA. We show here that conserved 5′ splice site sequence of exon 7 promoted splicing of nearby exons and subsequently reduced splicing of distant exons. However, to our surprise, conserved 3′ splice site sequence of exon 7 and 8 did not promote splicing of nearby exons. By contrast, the mutation inhibited splicing of nearby exons and subsequently promoted splicing of distant exons. Our study shows that 3′ splice sites of exon 7 and 8 contain enhancer for their splice site selection, in addition to providing cleavage sites.</P>
Cho, Sunghee,Seo, Chulhun Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS - Vol.49 No.2
<P>In this article, adaptive bias circuit and PBG structure have been employed to achieve high power added efficiency (PAE) and high third-order intermodulation (IM3) suppression in power amplifier simultaneously. The dc bias voltage of the gate in FET has been controlled by envelope of the input signal. The PBG structure has been employed to suppress IM3 on the output port of the power amplifier. The PBG structure was optimized to suppress the second harmonics of the amplifier. IM3 and PAE of the proposed power amplifier using adaptive bias circuit and PBG structure has been improved by 2.73 dBc, and by 35.54%, respectively. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 49: 443–446, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.22158</P>
Splicing inhibition of U2AF<sup>65</sup> leads to alternative exon skipping
Cho, Sunghee,Moon, Heegyum,Loh, Tiing Jen,Jang, Ha Na,Liu, Yongchao,Zhou, Jianhua,Ohn, Takbum,Zheng, Xuexiu,Shen, Haihong National Academy of Sciences 2015 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.112 No.32
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Transcription is a biological procedure in which DNA is transcribed to an RNA molecule. However, only fragments of this RNA are needed for protein synthesis. These fragments are exons that are interrupted by introns. Introns are removed by so-called RNA splicing process. Some exons could be alternatively included or excluded from the final RNA molecule. In this study, we have found that U2 snRNP auxiliary factor 65 kDa (U2AF<SUP>65</SUP>), a general splicing regulator, can significantly promote the exclusion of alternative exons. Strikingly, U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> suppresses flanking intron splicing of alternative exons, and even constitutive intron splicing. We deduce that the stimulatory effects of U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> on alternative exon exclusion are induced by the splicing inhibitory effects of U2AF<SUP>65</SUP>.</P><P>U2 snRNP auxiliary factor 65 kDa (U2AF<SUP>65</SUP>) is a general splicing factor that contacts polypyrimidine (Py) tract and promotes prespliceosome assembly. In this report, we show that U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> stimulates alternative exon skipping in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)-related survival motor neuron (<I>SMN</I>) pre-mRNA. A stronger 5′ splice-site mutation of alternative exon abolishes the stimulatory effects of U2AF<SUP>65</SUP>. U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> overexpression promotes its own binding only on the weaker, not the stronger, Py tract. We further demonstrate that U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> inhibits splicing of flanking introns of alternative exon in both three-exon and two-exon contexts. Similar U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> effects were observed in Fas (Apo-1/CD95) pre-mRNA. Strikingly, we demonstrate that U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> even inhibits general splicing of adenovirus major late (Ad ML) or β-globin pre-mRNA. Thus, we conclude that U2AF<SUP>65</SUP> possesses a splicing Inhibitory function that leads to alternative exon skipping.</P>
유아에 대한 보육교직원의 주관적 인식 연구 : Q 방법론적 접근
조성희(Cho Sunghee) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2021 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.21 No.2
본 연구는 Q방법을 활용하여 유아에 대한 보육교직원의 주관적 인식유형과 특성을 분석하였다. 선행연구를 고찰하고, 보육교직원 146명이 개방형 질문에 응답한 236개의 진술문을 범주화, 분석하여 최종 40개의 Q표본을 선정하였다. 이에 대하여 P표본으로 선정된 40명의 보육교직원들이 강제 분포한 내용을 Quanl 프로그램을 활용하여 분석한 결과, 유아에 대한 보육교직원의 주관성은 4가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 제 1유형은 ‘잠재적 성장기대형’으로 명명되었고, 제 2유형은 ‘경험적 놀이중심형’ 으로 명명되었고. 제 3유형은 ‘자발적 놀이발달형’ 으로 명명되었으며 마지막으로 ‘환경적 흥미추구형’으로 명명되었다. 본 연구결과를 통해 유아교육현장에서 유아의 특성과 발달에 대해 살펴볼 수 있었고, 이는 궁극적으로 유아중심·놀이중심의 국가수준 교육과정을 유아교육현장에 적용하여 효율적으로 운영을 하기 위한 밑거름이 되는 기초 자료가 될 것으로 기대한다. 나아가 유아에 대한 인식유형 분석 결과와 논의를 토대로 유아중심·놀이중심의 국가수준의 교육과정을 효율적으로 운영하기 위해 후속 연구에서는 놀이에 대한 원장 및 보육교사의 인식에 대해 살펴보는 연구가 필요할 것이다. This study examined director and teacher’s type of subjective perception and feature toward children using Q methodology. Final 40 Q population was selected, followed by the review of the precedent studies, and categorization, analysis of the 236 statements from responses on open ended questionnaire of 146 directors and teachers. Analyzing the contents sorted by 40 directors and teachers who were chosen as P sample through Quanl program, the subjectivity of the directors and teachers toward children were classified into 4 types. Type 1 is named as ‘Potential expected growth type’, type 2 is named as ‘Empirical play-centered type’, type 3 is named as ‘Voluntary play developmental type’, and type 4, lastly, is named as ‘environmental interest pursuit type’. The result shows children’s characteristics and development in childhood education field, which, ultimately, is expected to be a foundation that helps the efficient education strategy with the application of child·play centered national curriculum. Further, based on the result of perception type and discussion, a follow-up study of which covers a perception of directors and childcare teachers toward play is needed to operate the child·play centered national curriculum efficiently.
FGI 분석을 통한 공과대학생의 전공 유지와 진로 결정의 영향 요인 탐색
조성희(Sunghee Cho),황순희(Soonhee Hwang) 한국공학교육학회 2023 공학교육연구 Vol.26 No.3
This research aims to explore the factors affecting engineering students’ major persistence and career decision. To achieve this goal, the experiences and perceptions of engineering students and other stakeholders regarding the factors influencing engineering students' major persistence and career decision were analyzed through online focus group interviews (FGI). The analysis of the interviews resulted in the identification of seven categories, which include meeting with older alumni, team project experiences, and internship experiences as factors influencing major persistence. Additionally, engineering interest, engineering self-efficacy, employment rates, economic factors, and limitations in women engineers’ career development were identified as factors affecting career decision. Based on these findings, it is expected that engineering education will develop plans that focus on supporting the major persistence and career development of engineering students, thereby contributing to the future direction of engineering education.