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Computational Intelligence in Medical Ultrasonic System
Naomi Yagi,Yoshitetsu Oshiro,Osamu Ishikawa,Yutaka Hata 한국지능시스템학회 2010 한국지능시스템학회 학술발표 논문집 Vol.20 No.2
This paper describes computational intelligence in medical ultrasonic system for identifying cellular quantity of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells in artificial culture bones and locating screw holes of intramedullary nail by one-direction freehand scanning. First, we attempt to identify cellular quantity with an ultrasonic system and approaches of a neural network. We employ two features; amplitude and frequency. Amplitude is obtained from the raw ultrasonic wave, and frequency is calculated from frequency spectrum obtained by applying cross-spectrum method. The neural network approach identifies the cellular quantity with high accuracy 91.67%. Second, we propose a locating method of the nail screw holes by an ultrasonic array probe. We extract screw hole regions by calculating two fuzzy degrees: average of the intensity and variance of the intensity using fuzzy inference. Next, we do a registration between the obtained image with the true image, where the true image is the nail image obtained by scanning an array probe to the nail exactly. As the result, we could calculate the center distance of two screw holes within an error of 1.0 ㎜.
Impact of sarcopenia on biliary drainage during neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer
Kunio Kataoka,Eizaburo Ohno,Takuya Ishikawa,Kentaro Yamao,Yasuyuki Mizutani,Tadashi Iida,Hideki Takami,Osamu Maeda,Junpei Yamaguchi,Yukihiro Yokoyama,Tomoki Ebata,Yasuhiro Kodera,Hiroki Kawashima 대한소화기내시경학회 2024 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.57 No.1
Background/Aims: Since the usefulness of neoadjuvant chemo(radiation) therapy (NAT) for pancreatic cancer has been demonstrated, recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO) in patients with pancreatic cancer with a fully covered self-expandable metal stent (FCSEMS) during NAT is expected to increase. This study investigated the impact of sarcopenia on RBO in this setting. Methods: Patients were divided into normal and low skeletal muscle index (SMI) groups and retrospectively analyzed. Patient characteristics, overall survival, time to RBO (TRBO), stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the risk factors for short TRBO. Results: A few significant differences were observed in patient characteristics, overall survival, stent-related adverse events, and postoperative complications between 38 patients in the normal SMI group and 17 in the low SMI group. The median TRBO was not reached in the normal SMI group and was 112 days in the low SMI group (p=0.004). In multivariate analysis, low SMI was the only risk factor for short TRBO, with a hazard ratio of 5.707 (95% confidence interval, 1.148–28.381; p=0.033). Conclusions: Sarcopenia was identified as an independent risk factor for RBO in patients with pancreatic cancer with FCSEMS during NAT.
Tomoyoshi Shibuya,Keiichi Haga,Masato Kamei,Koki Okahara,Shoko Ito,Masahito Takahashi,Osamu Nomura,Takashi Murakami,Masae Makino,Tomohiro Kodani,Dai Ishikawa,Naoto Sakamoto,Taro Osada,Tatsuo Ogihara,S 대한장연구학회 2018 Intestinal Research Vol.16 No.3
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is 1 of the 2 major phenotypes of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which afflicts millions of individuals throughout the world with debilitating symptoms that impair function and quality of life. Further, IBD often affects women during childbearing age. Indeed, UC activity frequently increases during pregnancy, and the medications used to induce remission may adversely affect the health of the mother and the unborn child. We report successful induction of a remission in a UC case who experienced a flare-up in the first trimester of pregnancy. Upon relapse, she was treated with steroids and adsorptive granulomonocytapheresis (GMA) with the Adacolumn plus tacrolimus. This combination therapy induced a stable remission that was maintained during her entire pregnancy. She gave birth to a healthy child at 36 weeks of pregnancy with no maternal or fetal complications. Our experience indicates that GMA, as a non-drug therapeutic intervention with a favorable safety profile, plus tacrolimus might be a relevant treatment option for patients with active IBD during pregnancy. A future study of a large cohort of pregnant patients should strengthen our findings.
Satoshi Sugino,Ken Inoue,Reo Kobayashi,Ryohei Hirose,Toshifumi Doi,Akihito Harusato,Osamu Dohi,Naohisa Yoshida,Kazuhiko Uchiyama,Takeshi Ishikawa,Tomohisa Takagi,Hiroaki Yasuda,Hideyuki Konishi,Yasuko 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.4
Background/Aims Several studies have assessed the effect of cool temperature on colonic peristalsis. Transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) is a temperature-sensitive ion channel activated by mild cooling expressed in the colon. We examined the antispasmodic effect of cool temperature on colonic peristalsis in a prospective, randomized, single-blind trial and based on the video imaging and intraluminal pressure of the proximal colon in rats and TRPM8-deficient mice. Methods In the clinical trial, we randomly assigned a total of 94 patients scheduled to undergo colonoscopy to 2 groups: the mildly cool water (n = 47) and control (n = 47) groups. We used 20 mL of 15°C water for the mildly cool water. The primary outcome was the proportion of subjects with improved peristalsis after treatment. In the rodent proximal colon, we evaluated the intraluminal pressure and performed video imaging of the rodent proximal colon with cool water administration into the colonic lumen. Clinical trial registry website (Trial No. UMIN-CTR; UMIN000030725). Results In the randomized controlled trial, after treatment, the proportion of subjects with no peristalsis with cool water was significantly higher than that in the placebo group (44.7% vs 23.4%; P < 0.05). In the rodent colon model, cool temperature water was associated with a significant decrease in colonic peristalsis through its suppression of the ratio of peak frequency (P < 0.05). Cool temperature-treated TRPM8-deficient mice did not show a reduction in colonic peristalsis compared with wild-type mice. Conclusion For the first time, this study demonstrates that cool temperature-dependent suppression of colonic peristalsis may be associated with TRPM8 activation.