The insect community structure with indicator species along vegetation composition in Is. Nam-hae, South Korea

Jong Woo NAM,Shin Young PARK,Ik Jae CHOI,Young Min SHIN,Il-Kwon KIM 한국응용곤충학회 2015 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.04

An insect faunal survey was carried out to investigate insect community structure along the vegetation community to monitor insect species in forest ecosystem. We performed day and night collections from June to August along three vegetation communities of Is. Nam-hae in 2014: the first stand with Pinus thunbergii, the second P. thunbergii with Quercus serrata and the third P. thunbergii with various Quercus species. In total 2,259 individuals of 532 species, 99 families, 13 orders are identified. Cluster Analyses (CA) showed that all three vegetation communities were relatively similar between vegetation community types. According to indicator species analysis (ISA) result, nine significant indicator species were identified (p < 0.05); five species were found to be affected by the vegetation cluster and four species the month cluster.

The C- and G-value paradox with polyploidy, repeatomes, introns, phenomes and cell economy

Ik‑Young Choi,Eun‑Chae Kwon,Nam‑Soo Kim 한국유전학회 2020 Genes & Genomics Vol.42 No.7

Background The apparent disconnection between biological complexity and both genome size (C-value) and gene number (G-value) is one of the long-standing biological puzzles. Gene-dense genomic sequences in prokaryotes or simple eukaryotes are highly constrained during selection, whereas gene-sparse genomic sequences in higher eukaryotes have low selection constraints. This review discusses the correlations of the C-value and G-value with genome architecture, polyploidy, repeatomes, introns, cell economy and phenomes. Discussion Eukaryotic chromosomes carry an assortment of various repeated DNA sequences (repeatomes). Expansion of copies of repeatomes together with polyploidization or whole-genome duplication (WGD) are major players in genome size (C-value) bloating, but genomes are equipped with counterbalancing systems such as diploidization, illegitimate recombination, and nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) after double-strand breaks (DSBs). The lack of these efficient purging systems allowed the accumulation of repeat DNA, which resulted in extremely large genomes in several species. However, the correlation between chromosome number and genome size is not clear due to inconsistent results with different sets of species. Positive correlations between genome size and intron size and density were reported in early studies, but these proposals were refuted by the results with increased numbers of species, in which genome-wide features of introns (size, density, gene contents, repeats) were weakly associated with genome size. The assumption of the correlations between C-value and gene number (G-value) and organismal complexity is acceptable in general, but this assumption is often violated in specific lineages or species, suggesting C- and G-value paradoxes. The C-value paradox is partly explained by noncoding repeatomes. The G-value paradox can also be explained by several genomic features: (1) one gene can produce many mature mRNAs by alternative splicing, and eukaryotic gene expression is highly regulated at both the transcriptional and translational levels; (2) many proteins exert multiple functions during development; (3) gene expansion/contraction are frequent events in the gene family among evolutionarily close species; and (4) sets of homeotic genes regulate development such that organismal complexity is sometimes not clear among organisms. A large genome must be burdensome in terms of cell economy, such that a large genome constraint results in the distribution of genome sizes skewed to small genomes. Moreover, the C-value can affect the phenome. A strong positive correlation has been recognized between genome size and cell size, but the relationship is weak or null with higher-level traits. Additional analyses of the relationship between the C-value and phenome should be carried out, because natural selection acts on the phenotype rather than the genotype. Conclusions Dramatic advancement in genomics has given some answers to the C-value and G-value paradoxes. We know the mechanisms by which the current genomes have been constructed. However, basic questions have not yet been fully resolved. Why have some species retained small genomes yet some closely related species have large genomes? Random genetic drift and mutational pressure might have affected for genome size in the limited population size during evolution; thus, genome size may be quasiadaptable rather than the best adaptive trait.

자기통제 피드백이 골프 아이언 샷의 수행 및 학습에 미치는 영향

한남익,안정덕 한국스포츠리서치 2003 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.14 No.6

The purpose of this study was to investigate where a feedback schedule controlled by learner would be a more effective means of delivering feedback than any predetermined feedback schedules. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of three conditions : control condition(n=12), yoked condition(n=12) and experimental condition(n=12). Data obtained from all subjects in four acquisition and two retention trials blocks were analyzed with two separate analyses of variance for each of four error scores. Analysis performed on the acquisition trials were a 3×4(condition ×trial block) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures on the second factor. The retention trials were a 3×2(condition ×trial block) analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures on the second factor. Dependent measures were absolute error, variable error, radial error and directional angle error. Analysis on the experiment indicated a significant main effect for the trial blocks during retention phase. The variable error in the retention phase revealed that the second block performed significantly better consistency than the frist block.

鐵原地區 自然草地에 대한 群落構造 生産性 再生力 및 土壤肥料學的 硏究

尹益錫,張楠基,金炳泰 건국대학교 1969 學術誌 Vol.10 No.1

The investigation was made on the relationship among vegetation, net productivity, regrowth and soils of Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands in Chulwon area. The following conclusions have been made as the results of study. 1.The vascular flora of the grassland in Moonheri-Wasoori was composed of 102 species, the most of which were Medicago denticulata, Miscanthus sinensis, Arundinella hirta, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. 2.The flora of Soodowon-Sungilkyo grassland was composed of 74 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Miscanthus sinensis, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina and Cassia nomame. 3.It of Mt. Kumhak grassland was composed of 78 species, the most of which were Arundinella hirta, Carex nanella, Festuca ovina, Miscanthus sinensis and Aster scaber. 4.These five species contributed greatly to the standing crop of live material which was in excess of 60% of it. 5.The peak standing crop of each 413.7, 307.6 and 348.7 g/m2 in Moonheri-Wasoori, Soodowon-Sungilkyo and Mt. Kumhak grasslands wers reached in August under flooded conditions as a result of the growth of dominant species, Medicago denticulata and Arundinella hirta. 6.The net prodution of organic matter was slight in some intervals but occurred throughout the growing season. 7.After cutting of grasses, the regrowth of new leaves mainly depended on growing stage and edaphic factor. 8.Characteristics of the natural grassland soils, especially, concerning water, total nitrogen, available phosphorus and exchangeable calcium were clarified and might be depend upon the quantity of plant production. 9.Nitrogen, phosphorus and calcium concentration of leaves of Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis were higher than of stems. 10.Even if there were differences in the amounts of nutrients amend Medicago denticulata, Arundinella hirta and Miscanthus sinensis for single species and stands, they were covered by variations within spesies in the present survey.

都市住宅環境의 實態分析

趙南勳,朴益秀 순천대학교 공업기술연구소 1988 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.2 No.-

Housing Environment recently has exposed many problems to develop and improve for quality of life. So, It is important to grasp structural characteristics of housing in urban environment for housing development. The autor tries to analysis 40 cities in Korea and facfor analysis is used as a tool. The results of facfor analysis shows the structural characteristics and its disparity, its priority of development for housing environment.

섬유판에서 음향방출원의 위치표정

박익근,김용권,윤종학,노승남,서성원 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

음향방출 신호를 이용하여 목재 섬유판(fiberboards)의 위치표정의 유용성 유무를 실험적으로 검증하였다. 위치표정의 정확도를 향상하기 위해 신호처리 방법중의 하나인 웨이블릿 변환 디노이징 기법을 활용하여 저주파수인 대칭모드(굽힘파)를 활용하고, 고주파수인 비대칭 모드(팽창파)룰 제거하여 신호를 재구성함으로써 섬유판의 위치표정시 문턱값 통과방법을 사용할 때 발생하는 도달시간차를 최소화 할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 디노이징 기법을 활용한 섬유판의 위치 표정과 굽힘강도에 대한 사상총수를 기초로 하여 목재 구조물 및 문화재의 건전성을 평가 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

자전거 활동 수준이 성장기 청소년들의 호흡기능에 미치는 효과

김남익 국민대학교 2001 北岳論叢 Vol.18 No.-

In order to study the effects of bicycle activity on resting and during exercise respiratory function in adolescents, 30 males who aged 12-15 yrs were selected. Subjects were divided into three groups that cycle athletes group has performed cycle exercise for 90min/week, and bicycle attending school group has attending school at the every day, and control group is untrained students. This method of study was measured on the resting respiratory function, and during exercise respiratory function. Statistical method adopted for date analysis were oneway ANOVA. Major findings and conclusion are as follows: For the lung function test at rest, lung volume, vital capacity, MVV, FEV0.5-1.0, expiratory and inspiratory flow rate were checked. In results, athletes group and attending school group was showed higher than that of control group. During exercise stress test, heart rate, ventilation, oxygen uptake, and VE/MVV were checked by automatic gas analyzer. In results, athletes group and attending school group was showed higher than that of control group. Results of this study indicate that the respiratory function is improved by bicycle activity in adolescents. This study is excepted to contribute for generalization of bicycle activity to for all.

건강증진을 위한 6주간 Qi-Training이 신체조성 및 심폐기능에 미치는 효과

김남익 국민대학교 2003 北岳論叢 Vol.20 No.-

Qi-Training is one of the universal health promotion methods in Korea and is becoming more popular among Koreans. But it is not accomplished to have scientific analyses in sport science on the effects of Qi-Training. Therefore, this study was attempted to determine whether six weeks Qi-Training affect on alteration of cardiopulmonary factors, heart rate during exercise stress test, oxygen uptake, maximal oxygen uptake and body composition. As a results of this study, it aimed to investigate effects of six week Qi-Training on body composition and cardiopulmonary function. For this study, 12 voluntary subjects were chosen in untrained students of K University they were trained by teachers during six weeks and tested just before Qi-Training and after six weeks. Major findings and conclusion are as follows: 1. Body composition after Qi-Training was more decreased than before six weeks. 2. Cardiopulmonary function after Qi-Training were more improved than before six weeks. 3. Heart rate change during exercise stress test after Qi-Training was shown more decreasing tendency during resting period was decreased significantly than before training. 4. Oxygen uptake changes during exercise stress test after Qi-Training was more increased than before training. And also maximal oxygen uptake after Qi-Training was more increased than before six weeks. Above results indicate that Qi-Training for six weeks has the effects on improving body composition and cardiopulmonary function.

비평형상을 형성하는 알루미늄-천이금속 합금의 특성평가

백남익 선문대학교 2000 공학계열 논총 Vol.3 No.-

Characterization of aluminium-transition alloys, Al_(100)_((x'Y))NixMm_(Y), prepared by splat cooling method was earned out to study their thermal stability with compositional change. Phase analysis by X-ray diffractometry showed that various phases such as aluminum with crystalline and amorphous stmcture and intermetallic compounds were obtained in the composition range of ((X+Y)≤20at%). Mixed phase of crystalline and amorphous structure was formed at the lower composition range of 6at36≤ (Ni+Mm) l0at%. Amorphous phase was mainly formed at the composition range of 10at%≤ Ni+Mm<20at%. Crystallization temperature of the amorphous Al_(100)-_((X+Y))NixMm with the composition of ((X+Y)≤20at%) was increased with the amount of (Ni+Mm). The amorphous phase tended to be thermally stabilized as the content of solute atoms increases at the composition range.

웨이브릿 기반의 움직임 추정 기법에 관한 연구

김남일,정익주 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2002 정보통신논문지 Vol.6 No.-

The International standard such as H.261, MPEG(Moving Picture Expert Group) has been used block-based motion estimation technique. Wavelet transform is very popular in these video processing recently, because wavelet based compression has the advantages of efficient decorrelation each consecutive image frame and reduced-complexity in multiresolution motion estimation technique (MRME). We propose a technique to improve coding performance of baseline wavelet-based coder. The motion vectors are calculated using adaptive threshold method from subimage. In order to find wrong-searched block, threshold factor is defined for comparing with energy of reference block. The experiment results show that the proposed method improved bit-rate and PSNR of decoder.