Supplementation of oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine with M2e antigen enhances resistance against heterologous H9N2 avian influenza virus infection

Park, J.K.,Lee, D.H.,Cho, C.H.,Yuk, S.S.,To, E.O.,Kwon, J.H.,Noh, J.Y.,Kim, B.Y.,Choi, S.W.,Shim, B.S.,Song, M.K.,Lee, J.B.,Park, S.Y.,Choi, I.S.,Song, C.S. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2014 Veterinary microbiology Vol.169 No.3

Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 has been evolving rapidly and vaccine escape variants have been reported to cause circulation of infections and economic losses. In the present study, we developed and evaluated ectodomain of the AIV matrix 2 (M2e) protein as a supplementing antigen for oil-based inactivated H9N2 vaccine to increase resistance against vaccine escape variants. AIV H9N2 M2e antigen was expressed in Escherichia coli and supplemented to inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccine. Specific pathogen-free chickens received a single injection of inactivated H9N2 oil emulsion vaccines with or without M2e supplementation. At three weeks post vaccination, hemagglutination inhibition tests and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to determine serological immune responses. Challenge study using a vaccine escape H9N2 variant was performed to evaluate the efficacy of M2e supplementation. M2e antigen supplemented in oil emulsion vaccine was highly immunogenic, and a single M2e-supplemented vaccination reduced challenge virus replication and shedding more effectively than non-supplemented vaccination.

Fe-Cu-M-(Si, B) (M = V, Nb, Mo, Ta, W) 합금의 연자기특성 (軟磁氣特性)

강일구,김희중,노태환,이명복,피우갑 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1990 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.28 No.4

Dependence of the effective permeability on annealing and the annealing-induced structural change for amorphous Fe_(73.5)Cu₁M₃Si_(13.5)B_9(M=V, Nb, Mo, Ta or W)and Fe_(73.5)Cu₁Nb₃(Si_xB_(1-x))_(22.5)(x=0∼0.8) alloys were investigated. Crystalline Fe_(73.5)Cu₁M₃Si_(13.5)B_9(M=V, Nb, Mo, W)alloys with α-Fe phase which was obtained by annealing at above T_x showed higher effective permeability than with amorphous phase, and the increase in permeability upon crystallization was large in the order of V$lt;W$lt;Mo$lt;Nb. For amorphous Fe_(73.5)Cu₁Nb₃(Si_xB_(1-x))_(22.5) alloys in the composition range from x=0.5 to 0.8, soft magnetic property was improved by crystallization. Moreover, in that composition range, the effective permeability increased with the Si content(x). Superior soft magnetic property of the high-Si alloys was attributed to both the small magnetocrystalline anisotropy and the low magnetostriction. The effective permeabilities measured at 1㎑ and 5 m0e for crystalline Fe-Cu-Mo-Si-B and Fe-Cu-Nb-Si-B(0.5≤x≤0.8) alloys were about 1∼2 × 10⁴, and it was comparable to that of the zero-magnetostriction Co-based amorphous alloys.

EFFECT OF RETAIL THERAPY ON COMPULSIVE BUYING AND COMPULSIVE HOARDING: ASSESSING THE MODERATING EFFECT OF PERSONALITY TRAIT

H M Rakib ul Hasan,Mijeong Noh 글로벌지식마케팅경영학회 2016 Global Marketing Conference Vol.2016 No.7

The concept of retail therapy which refers to “the phenomenon in which consumers buy things to make themselves feel better” (Kacen, 1998) has been used by the U.S. retail firms in marketing (Kang & Johnson, 2010). Previous studies found that retail therapy concept was associated to consumption behaviors including compulsive buying (Faber & O’Guinn, 1992; O’Guinn & Faber, 1989). Frost et al. (1998) found that compulsive hoarders show compulsive buying tendencies. O’Guinn and Faber (1989) found that compulsive buyers are more likely to confirm compulsivity as a personality trait with a low self-esteem. Lack of research into association of retail therapy to compulsive consumer behaviors motivated us to pursue this study which investigate relationships among retail therapy, compulsive buying and compulsive hoarding, and to examine the moderating effect of consumers’ personality traits on the relationship between retail therapy and compulsive hoarding. Our research questions are: (1) How retail therapy is related to compulsive buying and compulsive hoarding? and (2) Which personality traits moderate the relationship between retail therapy and compulsive hoarding? Based on the literature review, the following hypotheses were proposed. H1: Retail therapy is positively related to compulsive buying; H2: Compulsive buying is positively related to compulsive hoarding; H3: Retail therapy is positively related to compulsive hoarding & H4: Personality trait moderates the relationship between retail therapy and compulsive hoarding. The researchers used 12 items to measure retail therapy (Kang, 2009), 6 items to measure compulsive buying (Faber & O’Guinn, 1992), 9 items to measure compulsive hoarding (Frost, Sketekee, & Grisham, 2004) 8 items of Big Five Inventory (Rammstedt & John, 2007) and 15 item Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI) (Ames, Rose & Anderson, 2006) to measure personality trait based on 7‑point Likert scales (1 = strongly disagree, 7 = strongly agree). The online survey was conducted with college students enrolled at a major Midwestern University. A total of 354 undergraduate and graduate students’ responses were used to analyze data. A principal component factor analysis with varimax rotation was conducted to evaluate the measurement of each construct. The factor loadings were above of 0.60, indicating acceptable convergent validity. Reliabilities with Cronbach’s alphas for retail therapy,compulsive buying, compulsive hoarding and personality trait construct were 0.96, 0.81, 0.90 and 0.81 respectively, exceeding the suggested level of 0.70. Simple linear regression was performed to test hypotheses. The results revealed that F statistic (F(1, 352)=126.53, p =.000) was significant and regression coefficient was statistically significant. Therefore, H1 was supported and consistent with previous findings (Faber & O’Guinn, 1992). The regression coefficient for the path from compulsive buying to compulsive hoarding was statistically significant (F(1, 352)=77.15, p=.000). Therefore, H2 was supported and consistent with Frost et al. (1998)’s study. The retail therapy contributed significantly to the prediction of compulsive hoarding with the statistically significant regression results (F(1, 352)=20.28, p=.000), supporting H3. From the principle component analysis with varimax rotation, four factors were extracted from 23 personality trait measurement items which are labeled as “authority-leadership narcissism”, “self-esteem narcissism”, “positive disposition”, and “negative disposition”. All factor loadings were above 0.60 for their respective factors. Then, the researchers divided one single group into four personality trait groups, using these four factors. 4%, 27.1%, 53.7% & 15.3% participants represented “authority-leadership narcissism”, “self-esteem narcissism”, “positive disposition” & “negative disposition” group respectively. Simple regression analysis was performed to test H4. The regression coefficients for positive disposition group (F(1, 188)=13.19, p=.000) and negative disposition group (F(1, 52)=5.01, p≤.05) were statistically significant. H4 was partially supported. The results indicated that people from two groups characterized by positive/negative personality tend to engage in compulsive hoarding to alleviate their negative feelings or mood. Anyone with narcissistic personality with a high self-efficacy may not be engaged in compulsive hoarding even when a therapeutic treatment is made through shopping. They tend to purchase products for changing their moods, but their therapeutic behavior doesn’t lead to compulsive hoarding, which causes sufferings in the end. The low self-esteem has been presented with people being engaged in compulsive behaviors (Marlatt et al., 1988). These findings can help apparel marketers develop the strategies to upgrade their sellingenvironment entertaining so that their customers’ moods are repaired and customers feel satisfied through therapeutic shopping behavior. This study has a limitation that prevents us from generalizing the results to the young consumer population due to sample size to college students.

Si film electrodes with surface-modified Cu current collectors for micro Li batteries

Lee, M.j.,Chae, M.r.,Jeong, J.s.,Noh, J.p.,Ahn, H.j.,Cho, K.k.,Choi, H.k.,Nam, T.h.,Kim, K.w.,Cho, G.b. Pergamon Press 2016 Materials research bulletin Vol.82 No.-

<P>Si film electrodes were fabricated onsurface-modified Cu current collectors using an oxidation-reduction process. Flower-like nanostructures (FLNSs) with diameters of 2-3 mu m and plate-like nanostructures (PLNSs) with lengths of 1 m were formed on the Cu foil oxidized at 423 K for 0.5 h, but only the PLNSs remained after sonication. Reduction of the preoxidized Cu foil at 673 K resulted in the formation of platelike and coral -like nanostructures on the Cu foils reduced for 1 and 3 h and a smooth surface without specific structures on the Cu foil reduced for 6 h. The best electrochemical properties in terms of the first columbic efficiency (85.4%) and the cycle performance (67.3% at 50 cycles) were obtained from the Si film electrode fabricated on the Cu foil that had been reduced for 3 h because the coral -like nanostructures on the Cu foil enhanced the adhesion of the Si film and improved the structural stability of the Si film electrode during the electrochemical reactions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd: All rights reserved.</P>

Interconversion between cyclodimer and cyclotrimer: Synthesis and characterization of cyclo-[Pd(II)Cl₂(N-N)] complexes

Kang, H.J.,Noh, T.H.,Na, Y.M.,Yoo, K.H.,Jung, O.S. Elsevier Sequoia [etc.] 2009 Inorganica chimica acta Vol.362 No.6

The reaction of (COD)PdCl<SUB>2</SUB> (COD=1,5-cyclooctadiene) with (3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB> (3-Py=3-pyridyl; R<SUB>1</SUB>=Ph, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Ph (m-pdps); R<SUB>1</SUB>=Ph, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pmps)) in acetone affords single crystals consisting of cyclodimers, [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>((3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>2</SUB>, whereas the same reaction in a mixture of dichloromethane and ethanol yields amorphous spheres consisting of cyclotrimers, [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>((3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB>)]<SUB>3</SUB>. In a boiling chloroform solution, the cyclodimers are completely converted to cyclotrimers. These cyclotrimers, in the 10-60<SUP>o</SUP>C range, are partly returned to cyclodimers. By contrast, the reaction of (COD)PdCl<SUB>2</SUB> with (3-Py)<SUB>2</SUB>SiR<SUB>1</SUB>R<SUB>2</SUB> (R<SUB>1</SUB>=Bu, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pbms); R<SUB>1</SUB>=dodecyl, R<SUB>2</SUB>=Me (m-pddms)) yields amorphous spheres consisting of cyclotrimers irrespective of solvents. Both [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>(m-pbms)]<SUB>3</SUB> and [PdCl<SUB>2</SUB>(m-pddms)]<SUB>3</SUB> are initially cyclotrimers in chloroform, but they exist as a mixture of cyclodimers and cyclotrimers in solution in the 10-60<SUP>o</SUP>C range. The metallacycles tend to form cyclodimers in the order m-pdps>m-pmps>m-pbms>m-pddms. The equilibrium between cyclodimers and the cyclotrimers is sensitive to solvent, temperature, and concentration as well as molecular structure.

(Co0.94- x Fe0.06Mx) 78Si4B18 (M = Cr, Ta, Mo) 비정질 합금의 교류자기특성

강일구,김희중,노태환,한석희,이명복 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1989 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.27 No.12

Effective permeability and core loss have been investigated for (Co_(0.94-x)Fe_(0.06)M_x)_78 Si₄B_(18)(M = Cr, Ta, Mo) amorphous alloys in order to clarify soft magnetic properties at high frequencies. At the field of 10 mOe, effective permtabilities are large (e.g. 15,000) at 10 Hz, and decrease drastically with increasing frequency. Decrease of initial permeability due to the increase of frequency is minute at frequencies lower than 100 kHz. The initial permeability increases with the increase of M contents. The core losses of the alloys studied are smaller than that of a permalloy, and are the lowest when M=Cr, higher when M=Ta and the highest when M=Mo.

Small molecule inhibition of Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen-1 DNA binding activity interferes with replication and persistence of the viral genome

Lee, E.K.,Kim, S.Y.,Noh, K.W.,Joo, E.H.,Zhao, B.,Kieff, E.,Kang, M.S. Elsevier/North-Holland 2014 ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH Vol.104 No.-

The replication and persistence of extra chromosomal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) episome in latently infected cells are primarily dependent on the binding of EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) to the cognate EBV oriP element. In continuation of the previous study, herein we characterized EBNA1 small molecule inhibitors (H20, H31) and their underlying inhibitory mechanisms. In silico docking analyses predicted that H20 fits into a pocket in the EBNA1 DNA binding domain (DBD). However, H20 did not significantly affect EBNA1 binding to its cognate sequence. A limited structure-relationship study of H20 identified a hydrophobic compound H31, as an EBNA1 inhibitor. An in vitro EBNA1 EMSA and in vivo EGFP-EBNA1 confocal microscopy analysis showed that H31 inhibited EBNA1-dependent oriP sequence-specific DNA binding activity, but not sequence-nonspecific chromosomal association. Consistent with this, H31 repressed the EBNA1-dependent transcription, replication, and persistence of an EBV oriP plasmid. Furthermore, H31 induced progressive loss of EBV episome. In addition, H31 selectively retarded the growth of EBV-infected LCL or Burkitt's lymphoma cells. These data indicate that H31 inhibition of EBNA1-dependent DNA binding decreases transcription from and persistence of EBV episome in EBV-infected cells. These new compounds might be useful probes for dissecting EBNA1 functions in vitro and in vivo.

Estimation of radiative forcing by the dust and non-dust content in mixed East Asian pollution plumes on the basis of depolarization ratios measured with lidar

Noh, Y.M.,Muller, D.,Lee, H.,Lee, K.,Kim, K.,Shin, S.,Kim, Y.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2012 Atmospheric environment Vol.61 No.-

The contribution of dust and non-dust aerosols to the lidar observed total backscattering was estimated from the linear particle depolarization ratios (δ<SUB>p</SUB>) under the assumption of externally mixed aerosols. During intensive observation period, the contribution rate of the non-dust aerosol optical depth (AOD, τ) to total AOD increased from 30% on 22 October to 82% on 30 October, which implies that large amount of non-dust particles was transported along with Asian dust storm. Using independent aerosol optics and profiles for dust and non-dust, for the first time, instantaneous aerosol direct radiative forcing (ADRF) of the Asian dust plumes on atmosphere-surface system was quantified. The average ADRF by the dust particles was -31.5 +/- 16.1 (-66.3 +/- 20.2) W m<SUP>-2</SUP> at the surface, -16.5 +/- 8.8 (-11.2 +/- 9.2) W m<SUP>-2</SUP> at the TOA, respectively. The forcing efficiency, defined as the aerosol forcing per unit τ (532 nm), for dust (non-dust) particles was -124.6 +/- 12.2 (-209.4 +/- 59.1) W m<SUP>-2</SUP>/τ<SUB>532</SUB> at the surface and -64.9 +/- 7.8 (-35.1 +/- 28.0) W m<SUP>-2</SUP>/τ<SUB>532</SUB> at the TOA, respectively. Though the contribution of non-dust optical depth to total τ was smaller than the contribution of optical depth from dust to total optical depth, the non-dust particles contributed larger to the radiative forcing at the surface than the dust radiative forcing. This result demonstrates that increased Asian dust radiative forcing can be largely attributed to the presence of non-dust particles mixed into Asian dust layers rather than the radiative forcing by pure dust particles. We also found that non-dust particles play a significant role in stabilizing the dust layer by increasing the radiative heating rates within dust layers.

Colorimetric chemosensor for detection of a volatile organic compound, ethylamine, under versatile conditions: Solution, thin-film, and dyed fabric

Noh, Ha Lim,Park, Young Ki,Oh, Byeong M.,Zheng, Jian,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Lee, Woosung,Kim, Jong H. Elsevier Sequoia 2019 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.301 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this this study, we present a new colorimetric chemosensor based on the isoindoline structure (<B>ID1</B>) for the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ethylamines. Spectral changes in the UV–vis absorption spectrum of <B>ID1</B> were observed upon exposure to mono-ethylamine, resulting in significant and fast (<1.0 s) color changes detectable by the naked-eye. The reaction and kinetics of detection of different ethylamines (mono-, di-, and tri- ethylamines) by <B>ID1</B> were investigated via <SUP>1</SUP>H NMR and LC–MS characterization, binding stoichiometry, and association constant analyses, combined with density functional theory (DFT)-based quantum calculations. From these investigations, it was found that the mechanism of the detection is based on the nucleophilic attack, which was further evidenced by color change of <B>ID1</B> when exposed to H<SUB>2</SUB>S likely due to the similar nucleophilicity to ethylamine. <B>ID1</B> showed an efficient response to mono-ethylamine under versatile conditions, i.e., in the solution and solid (thin-films and dyed nylon fabric) states, which suggests applicability of <B>ID1</B> to simple, effective, and practical sensors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A new isoindoline-based chemosensor (ID1) was synthesized for ethylamine detection. </LI> <LI> Ethylamine was efficiently detected based on clear color changes ID1. </LI> <LI> Sensing mechanisms and kinetics were systemically investigated. </LI> <LI> Efficient ethylamine detection under solution, thin-film, and dyed fabric was demonstrated. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Growth of pure wurtzite InGaAs nanowires for photovoltaic and energy harvesting applications

Kang, H.-K.,Kim, J.Y.,Noh, M.-S.,Kang, C.-Y.,Kim, Y.D.,Cho, M.-H.,Song, J.D. Elsevier 2018 Nano energy Vol.53 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Vertically aligned and dense InGaAs nanowires were grown on Si (111) substrates by Au-assisted molecular beam epitaxy, and their antireflection characteristics were studied. The bandgap of InGaAs nanowires was tuned to be about 1.0 eV by adjusting the In to Ga ratio. The grown nanowires were vertically aligned with a diameter of ~ 20 nm near the top and ~ 44 nm at the bottom, with a slightly tapered structure. This tapered nanostructure was formed due to the different surface diffusivities and affinities of In and Ga to the Au catalyst. The grown InGaAs nanowires have no significant stacking, kinking, and bending defects. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy study showed that the grown InGaAs nanowires have a pure wurtzite single crystalline structure with the maximum length of ~ 18 µm. Photo-reflectometry measurement showed a significant reduction in the reflectance less than ~ 5% at normal incidence in the wavelength range of 200–1700 nm. In addition, spectroscopic ellipsometry study showed a reduced reflectance at various incident angles of 30–70° in the wavelength range of 200–1100 nm. These optical investigations demonstrate the antireflection characteristics of the InGaAs nanowires. Furthermore, piezoelectric responses were collected from the top of the vertically standing InGaAs nanowires at five different points using piezoelectric force microscopy. The measured area for one point was about 50 nm × 50 nm, and the piezoelectric responses of one or two InGaAs nanowires per point were expected to be measured, as the growth direction was along with the polar <I>c</I>-axis [0001] direction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Defect-free pure-wurtzite InGaAs nanowires of ~ 1.0 eV bandgap energy with piezoelectric properties of crystal structure were grown on the Si (111) for the application to photovoltaic and mechanical harvesting devices. </LI> <LI> The measured reflectance of InGaAs nanowires showed considerable reduction at incident angles of 30–70° in wide wavelength range of 200–1700 nm, demonstrating the effective antireflection characteristics of the InGaAs nanowires. </LI> <LI> The area of the point measured was about 50 nm × 50 nm; the piezoelectric responses of one or two InGaAs nanowires per point were expected to be measured, as the growth direction was along the polar <I>c</I>-axis [0001] direction. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>