天然闊葉樹林內 主要 構成 樹種의 天然更新 樣相

金知洪,梁熙文,金光澤,李元燮,姜聲基 강원대학교 삼림과학연구소 2001 Journal of Forest Science Vol.17 No.-

이 연구는 "국유림 경영 현대화 산학 협동 실연 연구"의 일환으로 강원도 평창군 가리왕산 일대 천연활엽수림을 대상으로, 주요 수종별 천연갱신 특성을 평가하여 연구대상 산림의 전반적인 천연갱신에 대한 종합적인 생태적 정보를 제공하고자 실시되었다. 수종별 천연갱신 특성을 요약하면 다음과 같다. 거제수나무 : 비산되는 종자이므로 종자 공급에는 문제가 없으나, 종자 발아를 위해서 노출된 광물질토양이 필요하며, 두꺼운 낙엽층은 종자 발아를 제한한다. 발아 후 갱신치수는 다량의 광선을 필요로 한다. 고로쇠나무 : 내음성은 강하나, 치수의 내건성이 약하므로 50% 이상의 피음을 요구하며, 우량 형질의 임목 조성을 위해 높은 초기 밀도를 유지하여야 한다. 맹아정신력은 높다. 난티나무 : 수분 요구도가 높고 내음성이 약하므로 60% 가량의 상층 울폐도를 유지하여 보습과 광선유입이 원활하여야 하며, 치수 활착을 위해서 관목류 및 기타 식생으로부터 경쟁 요인을 제거한다. 들메나무 : 종자 발아를 위해 광물질 토양의 노출이 필수적이며, 치수 활착을 위해서 다량의 수분과 광선이 요구되고, 지피식생에 의한 치수의 피압이 우려되므로 임지정리작업 도입이 필수적이다. 물푸레나무 : 종자 결실의 풍흉이 심하며, 두꺼운 낙엽층은 종자발아를 제한한다. 치수 활착시 지피식생에 의한 피압이 우려되므로 임지정리작업의 도입이 필수적이다. 신갈나무 종자공급의 문제(설치류에 의한 피해) 및 두꺼운 낙엽층 및 조릿대 밀생 지역에서는 종자발아가 제한되며, 치수 발생 후, 임관의 50% 이상을 열어줄 필요가 있고, 맹아갱신력이 높다. 음나무 : 두꺼운 낙엽층은 종자발아를 제한하며, 유령목 생육에 다량의 광선이 요구된다. 젓나무 : 내음성은 강하나, 유령목 단계에서 생육은 극히 저조하다. 층층나무 : 동물에 의해서 종자가 산포되지만 종자 피해는 불가피하며, 발아와 치수 활착을 위해서 단량의 광선이 요구된다. 피나무 : 종자 충실률이 낮고 이중 휴면성 때문에 종자 공급에 어려움이 있으며, 두꺼운 낙엽층은 종자발아의 걸림이 되므로 광물질 토양이 필요하고, 맹아갱신력이 매우 높다. Forming a part of "Cooperative Practical Study for the Modernization of the Management of National Forest", this study was conducted to provide overall ecological information for the natural regeneration of major tree species on the basis of community structural attributes in the deciduous forest ecosystem. Followings are summarized characteristics of the natural regeneration for the selected tree species. Betula costata : Although large number of seeds are dispersed by wind, they require mineral soils to germinate. Thick litter layer could be an obstacle to germinate. After germination, the seedling requires large amount of light for successful establishment. Acer mono : Characterized by high shade tolerance and weak drought resistance, the seedling should be overcasted with more than 50% of canopy coverage. High stand density should be maintained to produce good quality of timber. The potential of coppice may be high. Ulmus laciniata : Since this species needs high rate of troll moisture and light, around 60% of canopy coverage should be maintained to retain moisture and incoming light. The competition with other vegetation should be removed for the favor of successful seedling establishment. Fraxinus mandshurica : This species requires moist mineral soils to germinate. After germination, the seedling needs large amount of light and moisture for successful establishment. Site preparation should be applied to reduce competition with weedy vegetation. Fraxinus rhynchophylla : Interval of large seed crops may be highly varied. Thick litter layer could be an obstacle to germinate. Site preparation should be applied to reduce competition with weedy vegetation so as to achieve successful seedling establishment Quercus mongolica : Including the difficulty of seed supply by the consumption, thick litter layer and mountain bamboo cover could be the obstacle to germinate. More than 50% of relative light intensity is necessary to achieve successful seedling establishment. Kalopanax pictus : Thick litter layer could be an obstacle to germinate. The seedling needs large amount of light and moisture for successful establishment. Abies holophylla : In spite of high shade tolerance, the growth rate in sapling stage may be extremely slow. Cornus controversa : Seeds (drups) are consumed and dispersed by animals, tending to be not sufficient in seed supply. This species requires large amount of light for successful germination and seedling establishment. Tilia amurensis : The difficulty of seed supply might be expected with low seed purity and double dormancy. Since thick litter layer could be an obstacle to germinate, the species requires moist mineral soils for successful germination. The potential of coppice may be extremely high. Key words : natural deciduous forest, natural regeneration microtopography

點鳳山一帶 天然闊葉樹林의 地形的 位置에 따른 群集 構造的 屬性 分析(Ⅰ) : 樹種構性, 種多樣性, 生活型을 中心으로

姜聲基,金知洪,金光澤,梁熙文 강원대학교 삼림과학연구소 2000 Journal of Forest Science Vol.16 No.-

이 연구는 점봉산 일대 천연활엽수림을 대상으로 산림의 지형적 위치에 따라 군집의 구조적 속성이 달라진다는 가정하에 대상산림을 계곡, 산복, 능선으로 구분하고 각 군집별 수종구성, 종다양성, 생활형 분석을 통해 산림 생태계의 군집 속성을 파악하여 산림경영의 생태적 접근 방안을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 실시 되었다. 연구 결과, 계곡지역 상층의 수종구성은 신갈나무, 전나무, 들메나무 순으로 우점하고 있는 것으로 나타났고, 산복지역에서는 피나무, 신갈나무, 가래나무 순으로 나타났으며, 능선지역에서는 신갈나무, 피나무, 물푸레나무 순으로 나타났다. 그러나 중층과 하층에서 높은 우점률을 보이는 까치박달과 당단풍은 생육특성상 상층목으로의 도약을 기대하기 어려울 것으로 추정되었다. 종다양성은 계곡, 산복, 능선등 모든 지역의 중층과 하층에서는 유사한 것으로 파악되었으나, 상층에서는 능선지역이 계곡과 산복지역에 비해 매우 낮게 나타났다. 그리고 수분조건이 좋은 계곡보다 산복지역이 종다양성이 높은 것으로 파악되었다. 조사된 146종의 관속식물을 대상으로 생활형을 휴면형을 기준으로 구분한 결과, 지중식물, 교목, 반지중식물, 아교목, 관목, 1년생식물, 지표식물, 수생식물 순으로 나타났다. 특히 희귀 및 멸종식물로 지정된 금강초롱꽃은 본 연구 대상지 전역에서 쉽게 관찰되었다. Taking account of the structural variation on species composition according to the different topographic positions, i.e. valley, mid-slope, and ridge, the species composition, species diversity, life tool·m were comparatively analyzed fort· the three topographic positions in the natural deciduous forest of Mt. Chumbong area. The results are as follows. 1.Specise Composition : Dominant species in the overstory were Quercus mongolica. Abies holophylla, and Fraxinus mandshurica in valley ; Tilia amuresis, Quercus mongolica, and Juglans mandshurica in mid-slope ; and Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis, and Fraxinus rhynchophylla in ridge. Acer p. and Carpinus c. which have maintained high composition ratio in mid-story were not considered to be dominant overstory species due to inherent growth form. 2.Species Diversity : The species diversity indices of mid- and understory showed not much different value in three topographic positions. However, the index of overstory in ridge had smaller value than those of valley and mid-slope. The stand in ridge had greater species diversity index than in valley where moisture condition could be more favorable. 3.Life Form : The total of 146 vascular were observed in Mt. Chumbong in this study Especially, Hanabusaya asiatica Nakai, were supposed to be the rare and endangered species, was easily found in many places. The proportion of life form spectra in the study forest was G-MM-H-N-Th-Ch-HH. Key words : natural deciduous forest, species composition, species diversity, life form.

Isoindolin-1-ones from the stems of Nicotiana tabacum and their antiviral activities

Guang-Yu Yang,Jia-Meng Dai,Zhen-Jie Li,Jin Wang,Feng-Xian Yang,Xin Liu,Jing Li,Qian Gao,Xue-Mei Li,Yin-Ke Li,Wei-Guang Wang,Min Zhou,Qiu-Fen Hu 대한약학회 2022 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.45 No.8

In previous studies, several isoindolin-1-oneanalogs that exhibited signifi cant anti-tobacco mosaic virus(anti-TMV) activities were isolated from Nicotiana tabacum . Since gene-editing mutants provide a new sample for thediscovery of active metabolites, we focused on the stems ofYN-18–23 (a mutant N. tabacum for gene editing with thealkaloid metabolic pathway cultivated by Yunnan TobaccoCompany), which led to the isolation of four new ( 1–4 )and four known ( 5–8 ) isoindolin-1-ones. To the best of ourknowledge, nicindole C ( 3 ) is the fi rst subclass of isoindolin-1-one bearing a pentacyclic ketone, while nicindole D ( 4 )is the fi rst example of isoindolin-1-one bearing a methylpyridin-2-(1 H )-one moiety. Compounds 1–4 were testedfor their anti-TMV activities, and the results revealed thatcompounds 1 , 3 , and 4 exhibited high anti-TMV activities atconcentrations of 20 μM with inhibition rates of 48.6, 42.8,and 71.5%, respectively. These rates are higher than the inhibitionrate of the positive control (33.2%). The mechanisticstudy of compound 4 , which had the highest anti-TMV activityrevealed that increased potentiation of defense-related enzyme activities and downregulation of expression of theNtHsp70 protein may induce resistance in tobacco againstthe viral pathogen TMV. Molecular docking studies alsorevealed that the isoindolin-1-one substructure is fundamentalfor anti-TMV activity. The methyl-pyridin-2-(1 H )-onemoiety in compound 4 and the 2-oxopropyl groups in compounds1 and 3 at the N -2 position may increase inhibitoryactivities. This study of the structure–activity relationshipis helpful for fi nding new anti-TMV activity inhibitors. Tostudy whether the isoindolin-1-ones have broader antiviralactivities, compounds 1–4 were also tested for their antirotavirusactivities. Compound 4 exhibited high anti-rotavirusactivity with a therapeutic index (TI) value of 20.7. This TI value is close to that of the positive control (20.2).

An effective route for the fabrication of multi-walled carbon nanotubes-reinforced ROMP-based nanocomposites by solution casting technique

Yang, Guang,Yan, Jing,Jeong, Young Gyu,Lee, Jong Keun Elsevier Science Ltd 2017 Composites Applied science and manufacturing Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This work reports the solvent-soluble multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which can be used for the fabrication of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP)-based nanocomposites by solution casting technique. As the first and most important step of the solution casting technique, the excellent dispersibility of the MWCNTs in different solvents is achieved by the functionalization of the nanotube surface with norbornene oligomers. The norbornene-functionalized MWCNTs (nMWCNTs) have outstanding dispersion stability in water, tetrahydrofuran (THF), acetone, and ethanol, especially the maximum nanotube concentration of 3.9mg/mL in THF. The incorporation of nMWCNTs into poly(5-ethylidene-2-norbornene) (poly(ENB)) by solution casting technique results in significant improvements in the mechanical properties over the neat poly(ENB) and the pristine MWCNT-reinforced poly(ENB) nanocomposites. The route developed here not only avoids the dramatic increase of the viscosity occurring in the bulk polymerization but also provides the feasibility of high loadings of MWCNT reinforcements, consequently broadening the potential applications of ROMP-based nanocomposites.</P>

Sodium aescinate alleviates bone cancer pain in rats by suppressing microglial activation via p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling

Yang Guang,Li Jiajing,Xu Qian,Xie Huilan,Wang Lijun,Zhang Minhao 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2022 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.18 No.4

Background Bone cancer pain (BCP) severely compromises the life quality of patients with advanced cancer or bone metastases . Objective This study investigates the analgesic effect of sodium aescinate (SA) on BCP, and the underlying mechanisms within the spinal cord (SC) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG). Walker 256 cells were intratibially inoculated into rats to establish a BCP model. 10, 20, and 40 g/L of SA was intrathecally injected, respectively, and then, hyperalgesia and allodynia were evaluated by measuring the paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) and paw withdrawal latency (PWL). The effect of SA on neuroinflammation was observed by detecting the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines based on RT-qPCR and ELISA. The NF-κB and p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling was detected by WB analysis. Furthermore, RT-qPCR and WB analyses of Iba-1and CD206 were performed to assess microglial activation. Result The development of hyperalgesia and allodynia, and an increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines production, as well as microglial activation, were observed in the BCP rats. SA (40 g/L) not only relieved the pain-related behaviors induced by BCP but also suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the activation of microglia in the SC and DRG. SA could also inhibit p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling in both the SC and DRG, which might contribute to the suppression of microglial activation. Conclusion Our findings suggest that SA plays a promising analgesic role in the BCP rats by suppressing infl ammation and microglial activation, and these effects may be associated with the suppression of p38 MAPK/c-Fos signaling.

On the equation with arising in boundary layer theory

Guang Chong Yang 한국전산응용수학회 2006 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.20 No.1-2

Short-term Price Forecasting Method in Electricity Spot Markets Based on Attention-LSTM-mTCN

Yang Guang,Du Songhuai,Duan Qingling,Su Juan 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.2

Accurate and rapid price forecasting plays a crucial role in the electricity spot market. Owing to the variability of market participants’ activities, prices are usually too volatile to forecast accurately. In this study, a short-term price forecasting model for locational marginal price (LMP) based on a multiple temporal convolutional network (mTCN) and attention-long short-term memory (ATT-LSTM) is proposed. An attention-LSTM method is adopted to reconstruct the electrical features for the future. The mTCN is used to extract the hidden information and long-term temporal relationships in the input features included in electrical features. The eff ectiveness of the proposed model is demonstrated using datasets from the New England electricity market (ISO-NE) in the U.S. The proposed model provides accurate load forecasting results in experiments and comparisons with existing models

When and Where Global meets Local: A multilevel analysis of determinants of social trust in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi

Yang Guang,Badri Masood,Al Bahar Muna,Al Rashdi Asma 한국사회복지학회 2021 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.15 No.1

Abu Dhabi's transformation to a modern society in recent decades provides an ideal context to explore the interplay of tradition, transition, and modernization at various levels, which shapes the trajectory of the development of social trust. This study offers multilevel analyses of the effects of social, psychological, and ethnical factors on social trust by using data from Abu Dhabi General Social Survey conducted in 2018. The results sustain the validity of both social capital and social network theories in explaining social trust. Contrary to the findings in other Middle East countries, in Abu Dhabi, the full-time employed and people who are more satisfied with their household income tend to show a higher level of trust. A negative but insignificant relationship is found between community ethnic fragmentation and social trust.

Static Output Feedback for Discrete-time Switched Linear Systems under Arbitrary Switching

Guang-Hong Yang,Da-Wei Ding 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2010 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.8 No.2

This paper considers the problem of static output feedback (SOF) control for discrete-time switched linear systems under arbitrary switching. By the aid of switched quadratic Lyapunov functions combined with Finsler’s lemma, new sufficient conditions for SOF stabilization are obtained which guarantee a r-performance of the closed-loop switched systems subject to input disturbances. The proposed method can work successfully in situations where the existing ones fail. Three examples are given to illustrate its effectiveness.

Two New Species of the Genus Allozelotes Yin & Peng, 1998 (Araneae, Gnaphosidae) from China

Yang Zi-Zhong, Zhang Zi-Sheng, Zhang Yao-Guang, Joo Pil Kim(김주필) 한국거미연구소 2009 한국거미 Vol.25 No.1-2

중국 Yunnan 지역에서 채집한 수리거미과의 Allozelotes 속의 2 신종을 기재하여 보고하는 바이다. 즉 Allozelotes songi sp. nov.와 A. microsaccatus sp. nov. 이다. 표본은 SWUC와 CDLC에 보관한다. 측정치는 millimeters이다. Two new species of the genus Allozelotes collected from Yunnan, China, are described and illustrated: Allozelotes songi sp. nov. and A. microsaccatus sp. nov. Type specimens are respectively deposited in School of Life Science, Southwest University(SWUC) and College of Life Science and Chemistry, Dali University(CDLC). All measurements given are in millimeters.