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      • 건설업 종사자의 직무탈진에 관한 실증연구

        서재영 조선대학교 2011 국내석사

        RANK : 247647

        The Study on the Job Burnout of Construction Industries Workers Seo Jae Young Advisor : Prof. Jong-rok Yoon, Ph,D. Department of Business Administration Graduate School of Business Administration, Chosun University Today, companies faces the rapid changes in environments owing to global management, excessive supply of the products and services, diversity, and increasing expectation of customers. Thus, employees are exposed to the numerous job requirements and stresses from the role conflict, the role ambiguity, the role overload, the interpersonal relations, safety, the job insecurity, and the job Burnout Particularly, employees in the construction industry work in a more poor environment compared to those in other industries. These situations cause job stress, job dissatisfaction, low productivity, higher absences and turnover, and low organizational performance. To cope with these difficulties, managers should manage to reduce job stresses, job burnout This study tried to examine the effects of on departing and remaining with the sample of 181 in Construction Industries Workers The extant study on job stress indicates that the study of job stress has beem limited to the effect of job stress and job Burnout. Thus, this study is added to the previous studies in the area of job stress including the concept of self-esteem and organizational support as moderating variables. The research results can be led to show how stressors affect on job stress, job burnout factors. First of all, the results of this study show that stressors, except for interpersonal relationship, have a statistically significant relationship in relation to the hypothesis of stressors on job stress. Secondly, job stress shows a statistically significant relationship with job burnout, and job stress shows a statistically significant relationship with job satisfaction, job commitment According to the research result, firstly, role conflict, rple ambiguity, role overload, safety, and job insecurity influence job stress. Employees have perceived the high level of role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, job insecurity, and low level of safety, then their job stress level also has increased. Thus, managers try to decrease role conflict.

      • 禪의 생태철학 연구

        서재영 東國大學校 大學院 2004 국내박사

        RANK : 247631

        The modem society has enjoyed abundance thanks to material civilization, which has been the very cause of the global ecological crisis. Responding to that, there has been the realization that humans needed to establish a new set of values and lifestyles, according to which to live in a good company with nature. In the process of searching for such new values, ecological philosophers turned to the ancient Western and Oriental wisdom for alternative ideas. This is one of the reasons why the Seon(zen, 禪) ideas have attracted attention as one of the new alternative ideas. This study set out to verify the argument that Seon should be the traditional thought to reinforce the ecological thinking practically based on those backgrounds. The study started by accepting the diagnosis of ecological philosophers that the very fundamental cause of today's ecological crisis was man's wrong perception of nature and humanity. Then it suggested that Buddhism and Seon should be the alternative ideas with which to overcome the wrong perception. Thus each of the chapters focused on one of the subjects that ecological philosophers tried to establish anew against the 'dominant Western world views.' The themes investigated in the paper were as follows; First, Chapter 2 provided a consideration of why ecology and Seon ideas should be integrated. Buddhism is a religion whose roots are no killing and mercy. Today's ecological crisis has reached such a critical point that they have predicted an annihilation of all creatures on earth. Under that condition, it's not possible to practice mercy without ecological actions to let all life forms keep living. In that aspect, the integration of ecology and Buddhism that is full of ecological traditions signifies the practice of mercy for the sake of all living things. Chapter 3 attempted to understand the concept of ecosystem through the concept of 'Dharmadha ̄tu(法界)', which covered the entire universe having a history of universal use from the early Buddhist literature to the Seon ideas. Being compared to 'Indraja ̄la(因陀羅網)', 'Dharmadhatu' sees all the beings connected to one another, which implies relationship. An ecosystem is a systematic structure that is maintained by interdependent relationship and interactions. Thus both Dharmadhatu and ecosystem refer to the world in which all existences are interrelated and interacting each other. This kind of reasoning helps get over the anthropocentric thinking of 'Man-in-Environment' and realize man is just part of nature. Chapter 4 investigated the points of view of animals of the Seon masters in the Seon books. The Seon books regard wild animals as the companions of the Seon masters living together with them. The masters under the training do stay in the mountains where wild animals live not in some artificial space, which shows the inevitably special relations between the masters and animals from the perspective of life. In the Seon books, animals not only assist the Seon masters cultivate themselves and protect them from any misfortune but also understand the mechanism of human feelings and exchange their feelings and opinions with them. Even further, they can listen to the Dharma talk and realize what truth is. Chapter 5 offers an examination of the Seon ideas in the aspect of life ethics. Today those scholars claiming for animal rights try to reveal just how brutal meat-eating is and choose to live a life as vegetarians. To their solid belief, animals too have the same dignity of life as humans. Looking into the lives of the Seon masters also tells that they live on rough foods and take food as medicine, keeping themselves from the mischievous desire to eat. According to their life ethics, even a drop of water should be filtered before drinking as a huge number of life forms live in the tiny drop and they too have Buddha nature, which guarantees them the right not to be harmed. Chapter 6 looked into the Biospherical Egalitarianism in the Seon books. In deep ecology, they deny the hierarchical relations of all creatures and pursue the universal equality of life. The lives of the Seon masters and the contents of the Seon books were considered from the perspective of Biospherical Egalitarianism. In the Seon books, the Seon masters understand all beings including humans, animals and tiny microorganisms are equal in terms of life. In addition, according to the Seon ideas, the impartial quality of all life forms are not restricted within the current time and space but cover the Past, Present and Future and the Six Worlds. In a word, it's the universal view on life to include all creatures living in those vast time and space domains in one big family. Chapter 7 used the Seon ideas' views on 'Buddha nature(佛性)' investigating the intrinsic values of life, which was the basic idea of deep ecology. The Seon values are reflected in the Buddha nature, which means the intrinsic values of individual beings and is said to exist in all beings from humans, animals, plants to rocks and other inanimate things. The Buddha nature is the foundation upon which to argue for the universal dignity of existence. Chapter 8 illuminated Hyechung(慧忠)'s theory of 'Dharma talk of inanimate things(無情說法)' and values of nature. According to ecocentric ethics, inanimate elements as well as living animals and plants do possess intrinsic values. Likewise, the theory of Dharma talk of inanimate things' insists that all the lifeless beings in nature such as stones and rocks tell the truth of Buddha. Thus the theory is the ethics that helps to establish the nature's intrinsic values and the dignity of inanimate objects. And Chapter 9 provides a description of the Seon views on nature and the concept of Living Earth. J. Loverock introduced the Gaia hypothesis that Earth was a living organism. The ancient ideas of both Oriental and Western civilization share the argument, saying that the earth and the nature are alive. The Seon views on nature also see nature as a living existence. Such Seon expressions as "The green mountains are in motion all the time(靑山常運步)" and "The mountain in front the house goes above the water(東山水上行)" enrich the ecological inspirations of those kinds. In particular, the books of dogen(道元) are the good examples of the perceptions. In summary, the study conducted an investigation of the themes including 'the interrelatedness of beings', 'non-hierarchy and equality of life', 'views on animals based on mercy', 'the intrinsic values of life' and 'Living Earth' from the perspective of Seon ideas. The results will hopefully contribute to making ecological imagination prosper and establishing new values with which to overcome the ecological crisis.

      • 청년창업 및 일자리창출을 위한 철도역세권 공공기여부지 활용방안 연구 : 광운대 역세권을 중심으로

        서재영 광운대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        The unemployment and decrease of employment rate of the young people have been deteriorated due to the poor job creation by ‘growth without employment’.Accordingly, economic growth and expansion of employment become a national task and the government seeks continual policy researches and plans to crate youth jobs by means of creative economy and by expanding youth start-up and to prepare virtuous circle of growth and employment. And, universities also recognized the possibility of economic growth and job creation route by means of technical start-up. So, universities make an approach to utilize knowledge based on created knowledge and professional personnel in the university beyond the creation of knowledge itself. Thus, the needs and role of the university on technical start-up have attracted attention. 42% of the universities in Seoul City are located in Northeast of Seoul. Thus, compared with other sector, those areas have rich start-up resources in link with universities. However, as there is no start-up incubating center, this study aimed to study the general youth start-up incubating center for the creation of youth job by means of the public contributed site obtained from the construction project of Kwangwoon- Seokgye New Economic Hub. This study is on the convergence function knowledge cluster orientation instead of single functioned start-up incubating center. The core of the creative utilization of railway station district public contribution site is not to introduce simple sporadic start-up incubating center, but to form converged collective cluster of ‘expanded start-up incubating function and facility’ and technology, knowledge, industry and culture together with the venture industry. Accordingly, it is close to ‘urban leading edge mini industrial complex’ where the urban leading edge industrial complex concept is condensed. Thus, it must be continually linked with public contribution site usage = start-up incubation + R&D function + connected manufacture function + other support and derivate use. In addition, it must be promoted by public leading project not by private leading project that seeks profit maximization. The public contribution site must be used for public nature and public interest. The core use of the site must be knowledge based service industry to supply hardware and software infrastructure and to seek growth which the private sector cannot promote. Together, the cooperative support of Seoul City is necessary for this ‘Bottom up way of plan.’ A planning and bottom up approach must be made by surveying, analyzing and reflecting the local characteristics of Northeast region of Seoul in order to pursue balanced development of the city. And, in terms of reorganization of urban space structure, it needs cooperation with Seoul City government and local autonomy government. As the local growth opportunity and driving power for growth with the 3.5 million population of region, the regional unbalanced development in Seoul might deepen a new urban problem. In particular, it is absolutely necessary to develop local tailored urban regeneration success case rather than general railway station district development. In this regard this study utilizes university R&D capacity model by 40% of university condensed area with its potentiality in order to commercialize such capacity and to boost local economy by means of new employment. In addition, it creates value expansion urban regeneration model by utilizing the driving force of urban regeneration with its unique regional features and potentiality. Thus, this study suggested the utilization plan of the public contribution site of the railway station district. ‘고용 없는 성장’ 지속에 따른 일자리 창출 부진으로 청년층의 실업 증가와 고용율 저하가 심화되고 있다. 이에 따라 경제성장과 고용확대가 국가적인 과제가 되었고 정부는 이를 반영하여 창조경제와 청년창업 확대를 통해 청년 일자리를 창출하고 경제활성화를 통해 성장과 고용의 선순환 구조를 마련하기 위한 지속적인 정책적인 연구와 방안을 모색하게 되었으며 기술창업을 통한 경제적 수익 및 일자리 창출의 통로구축의 가능성을 대학에서 인지하고 지식의 창출에 머물던 대학에 창출된 지식과 전문인력을 기반으로 하는 지식의 활용형 접근이 이루어지고 있으며 대학을 중심으로 하는 기술창업에 대한 니즈와 역할이 주목받게 되었다. 따라서 서울의 동북권에 서울시 대학의 42%가 입지하고 있어 타 권역에 비교해 대학을 연계한 창업수요자원이 풍부함에도 불구하고 창업지원쎈터가 없는 실정으로 광운.석계신경제거점 조성 사업에서 얻어지는 역세권 공공기여 부지를 활용을 통한 청년일자리창출을 위한 종합청년창업지원쎈터 건립에 따른 연구를 하고자 한다. 본 연구는 단일 기능의 창업지원센터가 아닌 융합기능의 지식형 클러스터 지향할 것이며 역세권 공공기여부지의 창조적 활용의 핵심은 단순히 점(點)적 창업지원센터도입이 아니라, ‘확장된 창업보육기능·시설’, 벤쳐기업과 함께 기술·지식·산업·문화가 융합된 집합적 클러스터가 형성되어야 한다는 연구에 목적을 두고 있다. 따라서 도시첨단산업단지의 개념이 압축된 ‘도시첨단 미니 산단’의 개념에 가까운 공공기여부지 도입용도는 창업보육인큐베이션, 연구개발기능 및 연계제조기능과 기타 지원·파생용도로 지속적으로 연계되어야 된다고 판단하며, 아울러 수익성 극대화의 민간주도가 아닌 공공주도형 사업의 추진되어야 하고 공공기여부지는 말 그대로 공공성과 공익성을 기반으로 사업이 추진되어야하며 부지에 도입되는 핵심용도는 지식기반형 서비스업종으로 민간주체가 추진할 수 없는 분야로서 공공성을 중심으로 하드·소프트 인프라를 공급하고 성장을 유도할 수 있는 사업추진이 필수적이라고 본다. 아울러 상향식 계획안에 대한 서울시의 협력적 지원 필요로 하고 서울시 동북권의 지역특성을 조사·분석·반영하여 계획을 수립하여 서울시 균형발전의 관점과 도시공간구조 재편의 관점에서 서울시와 기초자치구간의 협력이 필요로 하며 동북권의 350만 인구의 배후도시권 위상에 부합하는 지역 성장기회 및 동력 제공 필요성이강하게 대두 되는바 대도시권의 서울 내 지역불균형은 새로운 도시문제로 심화될 가능성을내재하고 있을 것으로 판단하였다. 특별이 일반적 역세권 개발이 아닌 지역맞춤형 도시재생 성공 사례로 육성이 절대적으로 필요로 하다고 보며 서울시 대학의 40%가 밀집한 지역고유특성과 잠재력을 도시재생의 새로운 동력으로 활용하는 모델로 대학 연구개발 능력을 기업화하고 신규고용창출로 지역경제를 활성화하는 가치확산형 도시재생모델의 가치와 함께 지역 고유특성과 잠재력을 도시재생의 원동력을 활용한, 진정한 내생적 도시재생 성공사례로 육성할 필요가 있음을 인지하고 본 연구를 통해 철도 역세권 공공기여부지 활용방안에 대한 연구와 함께 제안을 하고자 한다.

      • 적재 하중을 적용한 z형 스프링의 구조강도 평가

        서재영 군산대학교 2021 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        Leaf springs used in truck suspensions occupy a greater proportion than any other component in terms of vehicle vibration characteristics and weight reduction. The weight reduction of this part contributes to an increase in the loading capacity and improves the dynamic performance. In addition, it reduces driver fatigue and has a great influence on the stable transportation of cargo. For this reason, studies on leaf springs are being actively conducted. In this paper, the strength of the Z-shaped spring, a key component of the vibration-free air suspension mounted on a 1.2-ton small truck, called a subsistence truck, was evaluated. Structural analysis was performed in which load conditions were applied based on the maximum weight of luggage in the loading space of the truck. In order to evaluate the safety of the structural strength of the Z-shaped spring, the maximum deflection and the maximum von Mises equivalent stress were analyzed. Stress analysis and fatigue analysis were performed using ANSYS Workbench, a commercial finite element analysis software, and fatigue life was predicted based on the analyzed results. As a result of structural analysis of the Z-shaped spring, the maximum deformation value is 7.92mm, which does not exceed the maximum 9mm specified in the design specifications of the 1.2 ton truck, and the equivalent stress value is 1149 MPa, which is within 1196 MPa, the yield strength of spring steel. On the other hand, the fatigue analysis showed stress concentration at the corner of the assembled part, although most safety factors were calculated to a safe range. Reinforcement welding on the area where stress concentration occurred could be expected to relieve stress. 트럭 현가장치에 사용되는 판 스프링은 차량의 진동특성 및 중량 절감 측면에서 어느 부품보다도 큰 비중을 차지하고 있다. 이 부품의 경량화는 적재량의 증가에 기여하고, 동특성 성능을 향상시킨다. 또한 운전자의 피로를 경감시키고 화물의 안정운송에 큰 영향을 준다. 이러한 이유로 판 스프링에 관한 연구가 활발하게 수행되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 생계형 트럭으로 불리는 1.2톤 소형트럭에 장착된 무진동 에어 서스펜션의 핵심 부품인 Z형 스프링의 강도를 평가하였다. 트럭의 적재공간에 수하물이 최대로 적재되는 중량을 기준으로 하중 조건을 적용한 구조해석을 수행하였다. Z형 스프링에 대한 구조적인 강도에 대한 안전성을 평가하기 위해 최대 처짐량과 최대 폰 미제스 상당응력에 대해 해석하였다. 유한요소 해석 소프트웨어인 ANSYS Workbench를 사용하여 응력해석 및 피로해석을 실시하였으며, 해석된 결과를 바탕으로 피로수명을 예측하였다. Z형 스프링의 구조해석 결과, 최대 변형 값은 7.92 mm로 1.2톤 트럭의 설계사양에 규정된 최대 9 mm를 초과하지 않고, 등가응력 값은 1149 MPa로 스프링강의 항복강도인 1196 MPa 이내의 응력 값이 산출되었다. 이로서 구조적 강도는 안전한 것으로 판단하였다. 한편으로 피로해석에서는 대부분 안전계수가 안전한 것으로 계산되었지만 모서리 접착부분에서 응력집중 현상이 발생하였다. 국부적인 부분에 응력 완화를 위해 보강 용접을 실시하면 응력을 완화를 시킬 수 있는 것을 예측할 수 있었다.

      • 다양한 CreditRisk+ 모형의 비교 및 실증분석

        서재영 전남대학교 대학원 2011 국내석사

        RANK : 247631

        최근 글로벌 금융위기 속에서 세계 금융시장은 다양한 자산으로 구성된 포트폴리오가 구성 자산의 가격이 불리하게 변동하는 경우 얼마나 가치가 하락하는지에 대한 관심이 날로 높아지고 있다. 이와 같은 관심 속에 리스크 값을 산출하는 Credit VaR에 대한 연구가 활발하게 시작했다. 본 연구에서는 1997년 CSFB에서 처음 개발된 CreditRisk+ 모형을 기반으로 실제 자료를 이용하여 신용위험을 측정해 보았다. CreditRisk+ 모형은 신용포트폴리오의 손실분포를 추정함으로써 신용리스크를 측정하는 방법론으로, 이후 폭넓게 사용되면서 실무적 발전으로 매우 잘 정립된 방법론이다. 본 연구에서는 CreditRisk+ 모형 중 섹터별 상관관계가 없다는 가정에서 개발된 표준 CreditRisk+ 모형과 섹터별 공분산을 추정하여 상관관계를 고려한 다변량 감마분포 CreditRisk+ 모형, 그리고 모든 공분산을 같다는 가정으로 상관관계를 고려한 혼합 감마분포 CreditRisk+ 모형을 채택하였다. 알고리즘을 정리한 후, SAS를 기반으로 프로그램을 구현하고, 실제 데이터를 적용시켰을 때 상위 99%일 때 신용 리스크 값을 계산하여 세 모형 간 어느 정도의 차이가 있는지 비교해 보았다.

      • 중년여성의 최대산소섭취량의 수준에 따른 신체구성,골밀도,등속성 근기능의 연구

        서재영 창원대학교 2016 국내석사

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        The Study on Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density and Isokinetic Contraction According to VO2max Level in The Middle Aged Women Jaeyoung Suh Graduate School of Changwon National University Majored in Physical Education The purpose of this study was not only to investigate the importance of cardiovascular exercises of middle-aged women, but also to provide data for effective preparation and maintenance of health/stamina of the middle-aged women from the menopause and aging. The subject of this study was divided into two groups from the middle-aged women in their 40s~50s by maximum oxygen intake. One group was composed of 15 participants below 30ml/kg/min whereas the other group included 12 participants above 30ml/kg/min. The body composition, bone mineral density, - 70 - bone mineral content, isokinetic muscular strength, muscular endurance of knee joint and lumbar joint have been compared and analyzed from these groups. The results are followings. 1. Among body composition, weight, muscle mass, and resting metabolic rate showed no significant differences between groups, and body fat percentage(p<.01) and abdominal fat percentage(p<.05) was significantly low for the group with VO2max over 30ml/kg/min compared to the group below 30ml/kg/min. 2. There was no significant difference between groups in bone mineral density and bone mineral content. 3. The isokinetic muscle function analysis of extensor/flexor of knee joint showed no significant differences in both maximum muscular strength and muscular endurance. 4. The maximum muscular strength of lumbar extensor in the group above 30ml/kg/min was significantly higher than that in the group below 30ml/kg/min(p<.05). In addition, there was no significantly difference in the maximum muscular strength for flexor. Muscular endurances for both extensor(p<.05) and flexor(p<.001) were significantly higher in the group with VO2max above 30ml/kg/min than those in - 71 - the group below 30ml/kg/min. KEY WORDS Middle-aged women, Menopause, VO2max, Body composition, Bone mineral density, Bone mineral content, Isokinetic Contraction.

      • 원인 미상 뇌경색과 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애의 연관성 : Implication of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Cryptogenic Ischemic Stroke

        서재영 순천향대학교 대학원 2014 국내석사

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        연구배경: 뇌경색의 약 35%는 원인 미상이라고 알려져 있으며, 이 중 심방세동이 유력한 발생 요인으로 추정되고 있다. 좌심실의 이완기 기능 장애가 심장색전증의 요인, 특히 심방세동과 연관이 있다고 알려져 있으나, 원인 미상의 뇌경색 환자에서 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애와 심장색전증 요인과의 관계를 분석한 연구는 없다. 목표 및 가설: 본 연구의 목표는 1) 발생 요인에 따라 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색, 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색, 그리고 원인 미상의 뇌경색의 세 군으로 나누어 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애를 비교하고자 하였고, 2) 원인 미상의 뇌경색을 뇌경색 형태에 따라 분류하여 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애를 비교하고자 하였다. 방법: 본원에서 사용하고 있는 전향적 뇌졸중 레지스트리 데이터베이스에 등록되어 있는 2004년 1월부터 2013년 4월까지 7일 이내의 급성 허혈성 뇌졸중 환자 1,334명을 연구 대상으로 하였다. 좌심실 이완기 기능은 경흉부초음파로 측정하였고, 중증도에 따라 정상, 비정상 이완기 장애 (Ⅰ단계), 거짓 정상 이완기 장애 (Ⅱ단계), 제한성 이완기 장애 (Ⅲ단계)의 4군으로 분류하였다. 중증의 좌심실 이완기 장애는 1) Ⅲ단계 혹은 2) Ⅱ+Ⅲ단계로 정의 하였다. 확산 자기 공명 뇌영상에서의 뇌경색 형태에 따라 원인 미상 뇌경색 군을 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색과 유사한 원인 미상 뇌경색 군, 혹은 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색과 유사한 원인 미상 뇌경색 군으로 분류한 후, 중증 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애와의 연관성에 대해 분석하였다. 결과: 310명의 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색, 969명의 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색, 55명의 원인 미상의 뇌경색 환자가 포함되었다. 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색 환자 군에서 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색 환자군보다 중증 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애 비율이 유의하게 높았다 (Ⅲ등급: 37.1% vs. 13.4%, Ⅱ+Ⅲ등급: 47.4% vs. 38.0%). 원인 미상의 뇌경색 환자 군에서는 중증 좌심실 이완기 기능장애가 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색 환자 군과 유의한 차이가 없었으나 (Ⅲ등급: 27.3%, P=0.104; Ⅱ+Ⅲ등급: 60.0% P=0.085), 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색 환자 군에 비해서는 유의하게 높았다 (Ⅲ등급: P=0.007 ,Ⅱ+Ⅲ등급: P=0.001). 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색과 유사한 원인 미상 뇌경색 환자 군에서 심장색전증 원인이 없는 뇌경색 환자 군에 비해 중증 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애가 유의하게 많았다 (Ⅲ등급: 41.4% vs. 11.5%, P=0.013). 결론: 원인 미상 뇌경색의 환자 군은 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색 환자 군과 유사한 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애의 빈도와 중증도를 보였다. 또한 심장색전증 원인이 있는 뇌경색과 유사한 원인 미상 뇌경색 환자 군에서 중증 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애와 유의한 연관성을 보였다. 이로 미루어 보아 좌심실 이완기 기능 장애가 있는 원인 미상 뇌경색은 발견되지 않은 심방세동이 발생 원인으로 작용했을 가능성이 있겠다. Background: Approximately 35% of acute ischemic strokes has unknown cause, and atrial fibrillation (AF) may be a contributing factor. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDD) is considered as one of the most important predictor for AF. Aims and/or hypothesis: This study was aimed 1) to compare the prevalence of LVDDs among cardioembolic stroke (CES), non-cardioembolic stroke (NCES), and cryptogenic ischemic stroke (CS), and 2) to investigate the association between the infarct pattern of CS and the presence of severe LVDD. Methods: The clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of 1,334 consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke between 2004 and 2013 were reviewed. LVDDs were estimated by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in 3 groups of ischemic stroke (CES, NCES and CS), and were graded into 4 groups by severity: normal, abnormal relaxation (grade Ⅰ), pseudonormal (grade Ⅱ) and restrictive diastolic filling (grade Ⅲ). Severe LVDD was defined as 1) grade Ⅲ or 2) grade Ⅱ+Ⅲ. We classified the lesion pattern of CS into CES-like CS (CS-CES) or NCES-like CS (CS-NCES) with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, and determined the association with severe LVDD. Results: The final subjects consisted of 310 CES, 969 NCES and 55 CS. The patients with CES had more severe LVDD than those with NCES (37.1% vs. 13.4% for grade Ⅲ only, 47.4% vs. 38.0% for grade Ⅱ+Ⅲ). The proportion of severe LVDD in CS was not different from that of CES (27.3% for grade Ⅲ only, P=0.104; 60.0% for grade Ⅱ+Ⅲ, P=0.085), but was significantly higher than that of NCES (P=0.007 for grade Ⅲ only, P=0.001 for grade Ⅱ+Ⅲ). The CS-CES was significantly associated with severe LVDD (P=0.013, grade Ⅲ only). Conclusion: The frequency and severity of echocardiographic LVDD in CS were similar to those in CES, and the lesion pattern of CS-CES was associated with severe LVDD. These results suggest that CS with LVDD might be causally related to undetected AF.

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