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    청소년 비행의 남녀 차이에 관한 메타분석 = A meta-analysis of gender differences in juvenile delinquency

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    https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T13399800

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    다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract) kakao i 다국어 번역

    This study explored the gender differences in juvenile delinquency. Two analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in Korean juvenile delinquency cases. In the analysis of domestic articles, 153 effect sizes from 60 studies were included, representing the testing of 52,429 respondents. In the panel data analysis, gender differences were examined using three large, nationally representative data sets from the National Youth Policy Institute and the Korean Educational Development Institute. The combined sample size of all the panel data respondents was 104,010. If data from a big sample size was entered into a weighted mean analysis, it would create the potential for a disproportionate effect. Thus, the panel data was analyzed separately from that of the domestic articles. Using a meta-analysis, the two research questions of this study were as follows:
    First, how large was the overall effect size of gender differences in recent cases of Korean juvenile delinquency? Second, how large were the effect sizes of gender differences among subgroups such as delinquency subtypes, school types and time, which are representative moderators of juvenile delinquent behaviors? To find the answers to these inquiries, four meta-analytical techniques were conducted: 1) multiple outcomes analysis; 2) subgroup analysis; 3) meta-regression; 4) cumulative analysis.
    First, the overall effect sizes were .285 from articles analysis and .110 from panel data analysis. Both of them indicated a small difference, which means that in recent cases, females have committed more misdeeds than males. Such a result is contrary to underlying theoretical assumptions that cases of female delinquency are substantially lower than that of males. Therefore, new in-depth discussion about gender differences in juvenile delinquency is urgently needed.
    Second, the gender differences were consistent across all delinquency types in the articles analysis. In the panel data analysis, however, all types had non-significant effect sizes except two, namely status delinquency and sexual delinquency. These findings indicate that all delinquency types were more common in females, particularly in status delinquency and sexual delinquency.
    Third, from the subgroup analysis of school types, high school students showed the highest effect size in both analyses, while middle school students showed the lowest in the articles analysis and non-significant effect size in the panel data analysis. In particular, the effect size for sexual delinquency of high school students was generally larger than those for other school types. For status delinquency among middle school students, the Hedges’s g value had negative one, which means that male students commit more status delinquency than females. The only significant effect size in the male direction was status delinquency among middle school students.
    Forth, meta-regression analyses using time(date of research or publication year) as a moderator, focusing on cases of juvenile delinquency occurring between 2000 and the present showed that the gender gap had different patterns. In the articles analysis, meta-regression result showed a slight decrease in the effect size of gender differences, but an insignificant increase in the panel data sets. The R2 values of meta-regression were .058 in the articles and .012 in the panel data. Therefore, time, as a moderator, had low power of explanation in gender gap of juvenile delinquency. The meta-regression results still indicated that cases of female delinquency were higher than that of males, although the slope directions of meta-regression were different between the articles and the panel data.
    Fifth, findings from the cumulative analysis indicated consistent gender differences. More importantly, however, the gender gap in sexual delinquency among middle and high school students increased steadily according to the panel data analysis. For female sexual delinquency, the Hedges’s g value was not low, even above average.
    To sum up, the findings of this study suggested that female students perpetrate delinquency more than males, contrary to the assumptions that underlie many theories and studies about juvenile delinquency. Thus, new discussion about the potential reasons for the small yet consistent effect size has to be undertaken.
    번역하기

    This study explored the gender differences in juvenile delinquency. Two analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in Korean juvenile delinquency cases. In the analysis of domestic articles, 153 effect sizes from 60 studies were included, r...

    This study explored the gender differences in juvenile delinquency. Two analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in Korean juvenile delinquency cases. In the analysis of domestic articles, 153 effect sizes from 60 studies were included, representing the testing of 52,429 respondents. In the panel data analysis, gender differences were examined using three large, nationally representative data sets from the National Youth Policy Institute and the Korean Educational Development Institute. The combined sample size of all the panel data respondents was 104,010. If data from a big sample size was entered into a weighted mean analysis, it would create the potential for a disproportionate effect. Thus, the panel data was analyzed separately from that of the domestic articles. Using a meta-analysis, the two research questions of this study were as follows:
    First, how large was the overall effect size of gender differences in recent cases of Korean juvenile delinquency? Second, how large were the effect sizes of gender differences among subgroups such as delinquency subtypes, school types and time, which are representative moderators of juvenile delinquent behaviors? To find the answers to these inquiries, four meta-analytical techniques were conducted: 1) multiple outcomes analysis; 2) subgroup analysis; 3) meta-regression; 4) cumulative analysis.
    First, the overall effect sizes were .285 from articles analysis and .110 from panel data analysis. Both of them indicated a small difference, which means that in recent cases, females have committed more misdeeds than males. Such a result is contrary to underlying theoretical assumptions that cases of female delinquency are substantially lower than that of males. Therefore, new in-depth discussion about gender differences in juvenile delinquency is urgently needed.
    Second, the gender differences were consistent across all delinquency types in the articles analysis. In the panel data analysis, however, all types had non-significant effect sizes except two, namely status delinquency and sexual delinquency. These findings indicate that all delinquency types were more common in females, particularly in status delinquency and sexual delinquency.
    Third, from the subgroup analysis of school types, high school students showed the highest effect size in both analyses, while middle school students showed the lowest in the articles analysis and non-significant effect size in the panel data analysis. In particular, the effect size for sexual delinquency of high school students was generally larger than those for other school types. For status delinquency among middle school students, the Hedges’s g value had negative one, which means that male students commit more status delinquency than females. The only significant effect size in the male direction was status delinquency among middle school students.
    Forth, meta-regression analyses using time(date of research or publication year) as a moderator, focusing on cases of juvenile delinquency occurring between 2000 and the present showed that the gender gap had different patterns. In the articles analysis, meta-regression result showed a slight decrease in the effect size of gender differences, but an insignificant increase in the panel data sets. The R2 values of meta-regression were .058 in the articles and .012 in the panel data. Therefore, time, as a moderator, had low power of explanation in gender gap of juvenile delinquency. The meta-regression results still indicated that cases of female delinquency were higher than that of males, although the slope directions of meta-regression were different between the articles and the panel data.
    Fifth, findings from the cumulative analysis indicated consistent gender differences. More importantly, however, the gender gap in sexual delinquency among middle and high school students increased steadily according to the panel data analysis. For female sexual delinquency, the Hedges’s g value was not low, even above average.
    To sum up, the findings of this study suggested that female students perpetrate delinquency more than males, contrary to the assumptions that underlie many theories and studies about juvenile delinquency. Thus, new discussion about the potential reasons for the small yet consistent effect size has to be undertaken.

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    목차 (Table of Contents)

    • Ⅰ. 서 론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
    • 2. 연구 문제 5
    • 3. 용어정리 5
    • Ⅰ. 서 론 1
    • 1. 연구의 필요성 및 목적 1
    • 2. 연구 문제 5
    • 3. 용어정리 5
    • Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
    • 1. 청소년 비행의 정의 및 유형 6
    • 2. 청소년 비행 실태 11
    • 3. 청소년 비행 이론 14
    • 가. 생물사회학적 접근 14
    • 나. 일반 긴장 이론 16
    • 다. 차별 접촉 이론 19
    • 라. 사회 유대 이론 21
    • 4. 청소년 비행의 남녀 차이와 쟁점 23
    • 가. 비행 유형별 차이 31
    • 나. 신체적 발달과 연령별 차이 37
    • 다. 연구시기에 따른 차이 41
    • 5. 청소년 비행과 메타분석 44
    • Ⅲ. 연구방법 47
    • 1. 메타분석 47
    • 가. 자료 수집 및 선정 49
    • 나. 자료의 코딩 57
    • 2. 패널자료 분석 58
    • 가. 자료 수집 59
    • 나. 각 패널자료의 특성 60
    • 다. 자료의 코딩 62
    • 3. 통계적 분석 67
    • 가. 평균차이 분석 67
    • 나. 하위집단 분석 67
    • 다. 연구시기 68
    • 라. 국내 연구물 분석과 패널자료 분석의 종합 69
    • Ⅳ. 연구결과 70
    • 1. 국내 연구물 분석 결과 70
    • 가. 평균 효과크기 73
    • 1) 다중 결과 분석 : 비행 유형 75
    • 나. 하위집단 분석 76
    • 1) 학교급별 76
    • 2) 비행 척도 81
    • 3) 연구 유형 82
    • 다. 연구시기 82
    • 1) 비행 유형별 누적분석 84
    • 2) 학교급별 누적분석 84
    • 라. 출판 편향(Publication bias) 84
    • 2. 패널자료 분석 결과 87
    • 가. 평균 효과크기 88
    • 1) 다중 결과 분석 : 비행 유형 89
    • 나. 하위집단 분석 90
    • 1) 연령 및 학교급별 90
    • 2) 자료 유형 95
    • 다. 연구시기 95
    • 1) 비행 유형별 누적분석 96
    • 2) 학교급별 누적분석 97
    • 3. 국내 연구물과 패널자료의 종합 98
    • 가. 평균 효과크기 98
    • 나. 청소년 비행의 남녀 차이의 조절변인 100
    • 1) 비행 유형 100
    • 2) 학교급 101
    • 3) 연구시기 102
    • 4) 측정도구별, 연구유형별 차이 103
    • Ⅴ. 논의 및 결론 104
    • 1. 요약 및 논의 104
    • 2. 결론 및 제언 112
    • 참고문헌 115
    • 영문초록 133
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