최근 급격한 경영환경 변화로 인해 근로자들의 고용불안감이 커짐에 따라 모든 근로자들이 느끼는 직무에 대한 심리적인 불안정성은 더욱 증가하고 있는 추세에 있다. 근로자들이 지각하게...

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https://www.riss.kr/link?id=T10669311
대전 : 忠南大學校 大學院, 2006
학위논문(박사) -- 忠南大學校 大學院 , 經營學科 人事.組織 專攻 , 2006. 2
2006
한국어
658.3 판사항(20)
대전
(A) Study on the effects of the perception of job insecurity on mental health, organizational performance and union attitude
vi, 156 p. : 표 ; 26 cm.
부록: 설문지
지도교수: 柳炳胄
참고문헌: p. 127-146
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상세조회0
다운로드최근 급격한 경영환경 변화로 인해 근로자들의 고용불안감이 커짐에 따라 모든 근로자들이 느끼는 직무에 대한 심리적인 불안정성은 더욱 증가하고 있는 추세에 있다. 근로자들이 지각하게...
최근 급격한 경영환경 변화로 인해 근로자들의 고용불안감이 커짐에 따라 모든 근로자들이 느끼는 직무에 대한 심리적인 불안정성은 더욱 증가하고 있는 추세에 있다. 근로자들이 지각하게 되는 직무에 대해 불안정성은 심리적인 불안과 초조감을 증대시키고 있으며, 이는 근로자들의 직무만족이나 조직몰입 등에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 있을 뿐만 아니라 이직의도가 증가하는 등 결국 기업성과에 바람직하지 않은 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.
본 연구에서는 직무불안정성을 지각하는 많은 근로자들이 심리적인 웰빙과 생활만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치고 있으며, 조직성과 및 노조태도에 영향을 미치는 지에 대하여 살펴보았다. 그리고 근로자들의 직무불안정성 지각이 조직성과에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 정신적 건강이 매개역할을 하고 있는지 그리고, 정규직과 비정규직, 노조원과 비노조원에 따라 어떠한 반응차이를 보이고 있는지에 대하여 가설을 통해 검증하였다.
본 연구의 시사점은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다.
첫째, 직무불안정성 지각과 정신적 건강, 조직성과 및 노조태도와의 관련성에 대한 규명을 하였다. 그동안 직무불안정성의 결과변수로서 관계가 있을 것으로 예측되는 건강관련변수들에 대한 연구에서는 육체적인 증상이나 피로 등 육체적:신체적 건강에 대한 연구가 대부분이었으나 본 연구에서는 정신건강 차원에서 접근하여 개인이 주관적으로 지각하는 삶의 만족정도나 행복감 및 심리적 안녕감을 측정하여 직무불안정성과의 관련성을 검증하였다. 정신적 건강 변수는 심리적인 웰빙과 생활만족도를 가지고 측정하였다. 연구결과 조직 구성원들은 직무불안정성이 높다고 지각할수록 심리적인 웰빙과 생활만족도는 더 낮아지는 것으로 확인되었다. 직무불안정성 지각과 조직성과 변수와의 관계에서는 기존의 국내외 논문에서와 비슷한 결과를 도출하였다, 즉, 구성원들이 조직에 대해 심리적으로 느끼는 직무에 대한 불안정성은 조직에 몰입을 유도하지 못할 뿐 아니라 이직의도를 갖도록 하기 때문에 결국 조직에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 직무불안정성 지각과 노조태도 변수와 관련해서는 그동안 일관적인 결과를 얻지 못하였다. 따라서 국내 기업의 노조원을 대상으로 직무불안정성을 지각함에 따라 노조몰입과 노조 탈퇴의도에 어떤 영향을 미치는 지를 검증하고자 시도하였다. 검증을 위해 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석 및 인구통계학적 변수를 통제한 분석방법 등을 통해 관련성을 살펴보았으나 직무불안정성의 지각은 노조몰입과 노조 탈퇴의도에 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다.
둘째, 직무불안정성을 지각하고 있는 근로자가 조직성과 변수 즉, 조직몰입과 이직의도에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 정신적 건강 변수 즉, 심리적인 웰빙과 생활만족도가 매개역할을 하고 있다는 것을 규명하였다. 본 연구에서 측정한 정신적 건강 변수는 단순히 육체적, 신체적인 질병을 말하는 것이 아니라 심리적으로 느끼는 웰빙감 즉 삶의 질의 향상이나 만족도를 나타내는 요인으로 측정하였다. 본 연구의 결과에서는 예측했던 바와 같이 정신적 건강 변수 즉 심리적인 웰빙과 생활만족도는 직무불안정성이 조직성과 변수에 미치는 과정에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 판명되었다.
셋째, 직무불안정성 지각이 정신적 건강 및 조직성과 변수에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 고용형태가 조절효과를 보이고 있는지를 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 고용형태의 경우 무력감과 생활만족도, 무력감과 조직몰입 및 무력감과 이직의도 사이에 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 정규직 근로자에 비해 비정규직 근로자의 경우 직무불안정성의 하위차원 중 직무상실가능성 보다는 무력감을 느낄 때 생활만족도와 조직몰입은 더 낮아지고, 이직의도는 더 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다.
넷째, 직무불안정성 지각이 정신적 건강 및 조직성과 변수에 영향을 미치는데 있어서 노조가입여부가 조절효과를 보이고 있는지를 확인하였다. 연구 결과, 노조가입여부의 경우 무력감과 조직몰입, 무력감과 이직의도 사이에 조절효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 비노조원의 경우 노조원에 비해 직무불안정성의 하위차원 중 직무상실가능성 보다는 무력감을 느낄 때 조직몰입은 더 낮아지고, 이직의도는 더 높아지는 것을 알 수 있으며, 정신건강 변수보다는 조직성과 변수에 보다 유의한 결과를 보이고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 본 연구는 각각의 반응결과를 토대로 노조가입여부에 따른 개별적인 특성을 이해하는 데 도움을 줄 것으로 판단된다.
다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)
As the uncertainty for the employment increases among workers due to the recent, dramatic change in the business environment, the psychological job insecurity which all the employees perceive is more likely to increase than before. The job insecurity ...
As the uncertainty for the employment increases among workers due to the recent, dramatic change in the business environment, the psychological job insecurity which all the employees perceive is more likely to increase than before. The job insecurity the workers perceive increases psychological anxiety and irritation, which has, in turn, a negative effect on the worker's job satisfaction or organizational commitment; it also leads to rendering an undesirable effect on the business environment, like an increase in turnover intention.
This study focuses on how the job insecurity which many workers perceive affects their psychological well-being and life satisfaction, as well as organizational performance and union attitude. We consider whether mental health plays a mediating role in the effect of the worker's perception of job insecurity on the organizational performance, and what differences in response there are according to the worker's status (i.e., permanent vs. temporal workers) and the union membership (i.e., union vs. non-union members) by postulating the hypothesis.
The result of this study shows as follows:
First, this study examines how the perception of job insecurity is associated with mental health, organizational performance, and union attitude. So far, most previous studies on the health-related variables, which are regarded as one of the critical variables in job insecurity, have focused on the physical or bodily health such as physical problems and fatigue. However, this study examines the relationship between job insecurity and the relevant psychological factors by observing the degree of the individual's life satisfaction, or sense of happiness, and psychological security. Mental health variables are determined in terms of psychological well-being and life satisfaction. The result confirms the fact that the higher the degree of the worker's job insecurity is, the lower that of psychological well-being and life satisfaction is. As for the relationship between the perception of job insecurity and organizational performance variables, this study derives the same result as the previous ones. In other words, the employee's psychological feeling of the job insecurity for the organization cannot induce the organizational commitment of the workers. In the end, the insecurity has a negative effect on the organization since it causes the workers to have turnover intention. Regarding the relationship between the perception of job insecurity and union attitude variables, we have not so far acquired the consistent result. Thus, we attempt to question the workers in the domestic cooperation as to what effect the worker's perception of job insecurity has on the union commitment and union turnover intention. To examine the fact, we consider the relationship through the variable-analyzing methods such as simple regression, multiple regression, and analytic method which controls the demographic variables. The result shows that the perception of job insecurity has no effect on union commitment and union turnover intention.
Second, the study shows that mental health variables (i.e., psychological well-being and life satisfaction) play mediating roles when the worker's perception of job insecurity affects the organizational performance variables (i.e., organizational commitment and turnover intention). In this study, the mental health variables do not simply refer to physical or bodily disease, but rather psychological well-being, i.e., psychological factors which indicates the improvement or satisfaction of quality in life. The result proves, as expected, that mental health variables like psychological well-being and life satisfaction play mediating roles when job insecurity affects the organizational performance variables.
Third, this study considers the regulating effect of the form of employment with regard to the effect of the perception of job insecurity on mental health and organizational performance variables. The study reveals that the form of employment has a regulating effect on the relationship between helplessness and life satisfaction, helplessness and organizational commitment, and helplessness and turnover intention, respectively. That is, it turns out that in case of temporary workers, compared to permanent workers, the degree of life satisfaction and organizational commitment lowers, but that of turnover intention increases when they feel sense of helplessness rather than the possibility of the job loss.
Finally, this study considers whether the union membership has a regulating effect or not when the perception of job insecurity affects mental health and organizational performance variables. With regard to the status of the union membership, the study shows that it has a regulating role between helplessness and organizational commitment, and between helpless and turnover intention. In other words, the study predicts that in case of non-union workers, unlike the union workers, the degree of organizational commitment lowers, but that of turnover intention increases when they feel sense of helplessness rather than the possibility of the job loss. We can have more significant result in terms of organizational performance variables, rather than mental health variables. Therefore, this study, based on the respective responding results, is expected to contribute to the understanding of the individual characteristics with regard to the status of union membership.
목차 (Table of Contents)
참고문헌 (Reference)
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