老人의 生活滿足度尺度 개발에 관한 연구 = A Study on the Development of Measuring Scale of he Concept of Life Satisfaction

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

To define a concept and to develop instruments to measure the concept is the groundwork in describing or explaining a social phenomenon. The better is this ind o fwork done, the more excellerated will the development of the social sciences be. Since aging an its related phenomena became a major field of study in the social sciences, the central study subject in this field has been "the adjustment to old age," which may lead to life satisfaction of the elderly individuals.
Accordingly many studies to develop measuring instrument of the concept of life satisfaction have been done in Western socio-cultural context. In Korean socio-cultural context only one study was conducted for the purpose of developing a measuring instrument of the concept of life satisfaction and the other studies only included the life satisfaction as a major variable. However, since the measuring instruments of life satisfaction that were developed for each of these particular studies have not been properly validated, the requirements for the measuring instrument cannot be said to be fulfilled. In some other studies a translated version of the "Life Satisfaction Index, Type A(LSI-A) developed by Newgarten et al. in American society has been used, but it has not been validated in Korean socio-cultural context either. Such a state of arts necessitated this study of developing a new measuring scale of life satisfaction in Korean socio-cultural context. The new instrument developed form this study will contribute to the theoretical groundwork of Korean social gerontology and will be able to be used as an evaluative instrument of social service programs for the elderly in Korean society.
In this study on the basis of the review of foreign and domestic literature on the study of measuring instrument of life satisfaction, the concept of life satisfaction was nominally defined as "overall assessment of the life and activities of the past and the present time, and overall assessment of the prospective life and activities of the future time." In accordance with the definition, an attempt to develp a new measuring instrument of the life satisfaction was made according to the following Likert-type scaling procedure.
Forty-seven statements which were positively and negatively phrased that indicate aspects of life satisfaction were collected based on the judgement that each statement has face validity. All these items were tested on 100 male elderly persons and 100 female elderly persons who were 60 and over and living in urban areas (40 dongs in Seoul and Inchon) and rural areas (7 farm villages in Kyunggi Province). All these elderly sample were selected purposively in consideration of sex, socio-economic status(SES), occupation, residential area, etc. Through the test of 47 items 30 items that showed 20 or over of item-total correlation coefficient were selected. Then, by the method of reliability analysis and factor analysis 20 items (6 items for the past time, 8 for the present time, and 6 for the future time) were finally selected for the scale of life satisfaction.
The reliability of the new scale was checked with the reliability coefficient, Cronbach's Alpha which showed .868948 sufficient to secure reliability. The validity was tested through the criterion-related validation method, in which a group of the elderly living in the home for the aged and a group of the elderly living at home in the community were compared in the score of the 20-item scale of life satisfaction. As was expected, the score of the institutional elderly was much lower than that of the home elderly. Thus the validity of the new scale was judged to be fairly well secured. However, this scale need to be continuously tested in its reliability and validity in order to survive as a measuring instrument of the concept of life satisfaction.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 序論
• 1. 老年學의 硏究主題로서의 生活滿足度
• 2. 生活滿足度尺度 開發硏究의 必要性 및 意義
• Ⅱ. 生活滿足度尺度에 관한 先行硏究
• 1. 外國의 硏究
• 2. 國內의 硏究
• Ⅲ. 生活滿足度의 槪念
• 1. 槪念定義의 問題點
• 2. 槪念定義
• Ⅳ. 生活滿足度尺度 開發
• 1. 尺度의 意義
• 2. 使用尺度法
• 3. 尺度開發의 節次
• Ⅴ. 結論
• 1. 要約
• 2. 硏究의 制約點 및 向後의 硏究課題
• 3. 尺度使用上의 有意點
• 參考文獻
• 부록
• Abstract