경포호의 어류상 및 어류군집 특성

최준길,박승철,장영수,이광열,최재석 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

The characteristics of ichthyofauna and fish community in the Lagoon Gyeongpo, Korea were investigated from May to October 2005. The total number of fish caught during the period was representing 26 specis and 18 families. Most dominant species was T. hakonensis(50.65%) and subdominant specis was A. flavimaus(25.41%). K. punctatatus(11.07%), M. cephalus(6.53%), E. japonicus(1.46%), C. castaneus(1.01%) were also numerous. The total biomass of collected fish showed 147.00kg, 135.83kg, 85.60kg,23.76kg, repectively. A pattern of the fish community according to seasonal veriations appear to be related tp spawning periods of species. Comparison of the ichthyofauna in present study with the references from early years suggests that there has been a gradual decrease, in composition, of primary freshwater specis accompanying with the increase of peripheral freshwater and seawater specis.

대관령지역 안개의 화학조성(2002)

김현진,김만구 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2004 Journal of the Environment Vol.1 No.-

Cloud/fog water was collected at Daekwanreung, a typical clean environmental area, by using an active fog sampler during the foggy period in 2002. The pH ranged from 3.6 to 6.5 with a mean of 5.0, but the pH^(+) calculated from average concentrations of H^(+) was 4.4 SO₄^(2­), NO₃and NH₄^(+) were predominant ions with average concentrations of 473.3, 463.3 and 576.0ueq/ℓ, respectively. This showed that cloud/fog water was slightly acidified, but the concentrations of major pollutants were as high as those for polluted area, suggesting long range transport of pollutants. Samples were categorized into four groups(E, W, S, N) by applying 48-h back trajectory analysis using the Hybrid Single-Particle Largrangian Integrated Trajectory (HYSPLIT) model. Concentrations of seasalt (Na^(+) and CI^(-) were the highest for group E, indicating large input of seasalts by air masses transported from the East Sea. The concentrations of SO₄^(2­) were slightly higher in group N and group W than those in group S and group E. However, the concentrations of NO₃^(3­) were significantly higher in group W than those in other three groups. The medians of cloud/fog water pH for group N and W was below 4.5, which is significantly lower than those in group E and group S. This suggests that the acidifying pollutants were mainly transported from the Asia continents and cause acidification of the cloud/fog water in Daekwanreung. The large discrepancy in the concentrations of NO₃^(3­) in group N and group W showed that NO₃^(3­) was mainly transported from the Seoul metropolitan area.

설악산 황철봉의 식물상

유기억,이우철 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2004 Journal of the Environment Vol.1 No.-

Vascular plants of Hwangcheolbong were composed of 84 families, 250 genera, 325 species, 2 subspecies, 54 varieties and 12 forma, totaling 393 taxa. Among the 393 taxa. Thirteen species such as Deutzia uniflora, Filipendula palmata var. glabra, Lespedeza intermedza var. retusa, Lespedeza thunbergii for. angustifolia, Vicia venosissima, Viola diamantiaca, Vaccinium koreanum, Patrinia saniculaefolia, Hanabusaya asiatica, Aster ciliosus, Cirsium setidens, Saussurea diamantiaca, and Carex okamotoi were Korean endemic. The specific plants based on the distribution pattern appointen by Ministry of Environment were 69 taxa, and estimated 328 points. The naturalized plants were 7families, 11 genera, 12 species, 1 variety, totaling 13 taxa.

HS-SPME-GC/MS 방법을 이용한 실크벽지 원자재의 TVOCs 기여도 평가

정탁교,장미옥,김만구 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

The contributions of the TVOC toluene-equivalent emission of raw materials was investigated for PVC wallpaper. A Headspace of each raw material were concentrated by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and analysed by GC/MS. Static headspace of PVC wallpaper was generated in the 22ml of glass vial at 25℃ and sampled by using a 75 um thickness of carboxen-polydimethylsiloxanfiber. The typical VOCs are oilic peaks eluted between n-decane and n-hexadecane, and carbonyl compound, 2-butanone, n-hexanal, 2-ethyl-hexanol, 4-tetradecanal, hecanoic acid and aromatic compounds, toluene, m,p-xylene, styrene, Dileunt showed the highest contribution to TVOC emission of 0.52, and plasticizer was 0.20, and resin stabilizer showed 0.14. the improvement of these raw material was recommended in odor to reduce TVOC emission of PVC wallpaper.

월악산 국립공원 내 서식하는 양서류의 번식지 선호

이정현,박대식 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

The study the use of breeding habits by different amphibian specis in the Woraksan National Park, nine amphibian breeding populations were monitored from March 25 to July 15, 2005. The breeding habits were categorized into the mountain stream, pond , or rice paddy type. On each survey, we counted the number of adults of amphibian species appeared at the breeding sites and alsp recorded the number of egg sacs or clumped egg clutches deosited by Hynobius leechii, Rana huanrenensis, or R. dybowskii. Total 199 adult amohibians of 9 species in 5 families were confired during the study period. Those were H. leechii, onychodactylus fischeri, Karsenia koreana in urodela and R. huanrenensis, R. dybowskii, R. nigromaculata, R. rugosa, Bombina orientalis, and Hyla japonica in anura. The K. koreana was the first report in the Woraksan National Park. In the Park, the most diminant species was R. dybowskii. In the mountain streans, H. leechii and R. huanrenensis were dominant. The peak breeding season based on the appearance of different amphibians in the areas varied and folled in order as H. leechii in March, R. huanrenensis, R. dybowskii in April, R. nigromaculata, B. orientalis, H. japonica in late May, and R. rugosa in early July. our results indicate that the breeding season of different amphibian species is widely spread from early spring to early summer and the preference for a breeding habitat is varilable based on the species.

Analysis of Pollutant Load Characteristics from Small Agricultural Watershed using ESTIMATOR Model

Shin, Yong-Chul,Heo, Sung-Gu,Lim, Kyoung-Jae,Choi, Joong-Dae 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

To develp effective management pracrice for water quality improvement, pollutant loads must be first estimated. In many studies, the Numeric Inerfration (NI) method has been used because of ots ease-of-application, irrespective of the total number of samples collected for each storm event. Thus, there has been needs for better pollutant load estimation with limited number of water quality samples. Loads of NO_(3)-N,T-N, and T-P using NI method and ESTIMATOR were 12.85kg/ha, 45.92kg/ha, 1.887kg/ha, and 11.93kg/ha, 43.02kg/ha, 1.650kg/ha, respectively. The estimated loads using the ESTIMATOR medel are lower than those using NI method by 86%.94%,and 87%.

도암호의 수질과 어류군집 특성 연구

이상하,최재석,이광열,장영수,임인수,허우명,김재구,김범철 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2005 Journal of the Environment Vol.2 No.-

To investigate nutrient dynamics of the lake and fish community, both water and fish samples were collected at three different areas (dam site, upper inflowing and downstream of lake outfow) for one year from Sep.2004 to Aug.2005 During the experimental periods, mean concentration of chl, a in epilimnetic layer (0-5m) was 18.5mg^(-3) and transparency ranged from 0.3m to 2.4m, respectively. In nutrient, mean concentrations of TP and TN were 111 mgP m^(-3) and 4.4 mgN L^(-1), respectively. Based on the water quality standard suggested by U.S.EPA(*1976), the trophic state of Lake Doam was classified as eutrophic state. Total number of fish collected in Lake Doam was 9,600 indiveduals in 26 species of 6 family. Sixteen of Korean endemic soecies including H. mylodon, A. signifer, P. tenuicorpa occurred. O. mykiss as introduced fish was also found in Lake Doam. Dominant and subdominant species were P. herzi and Z. platypus that took about 34.6% and 22.5% of total fish composition, respectively. Six species including A. signifer. P. tenuicorpa. and R. kumgangensis were rare in Lake Doam. Pelagic typw of figh commonly occurred at upper regions, whereas benthic type was mainly domenated at downstream area. Therefore, pollution source inflowed from the upper regions did not seriously affect downstream area (Songcheon water system) due to the role of dam as pollutant barrier. In addition high appearance of Comat type of fish that si hybrid between gold fish (C.auratus) and C. auratus was found in the lake, It was unclear the reasons that high prorortion of mutant species apperared in the lake. Further more researches are required in this area.

도시 생활폐기물 매립장이 주변 환경에 미치는 영향 - 대기 중 휘발성 유기화합물의 변화

김만구,정영림 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2004 Journal of the Environment Vol.1 No.-

Most of municipal solid wastes have been disposed of by landfill, 51.4% on 1999, in Korea. The organic compounds emitted from landfill are variable depending on the types of wastes but the organics from landfill are known as cause of greenhouse effect, photochemical smog and as harmful for human health. However, most of studies concerned in landfill site were performed after the construction of landfill without measurement of volatile arganic compounds before the construction. Therefore, the objectives of this study was to investigate the variation of VOCs in the ambient air at the landfill site, located at Hyuldong-Li, Chunchon, Korea, between before and after landfill. The Hyuldong-Li municipal sanitary landfill have constructed from June 1997 and started landfill from January 1998. The VOC samples were collected from February 1997 to October 2000. Samples were collected from three sites every two weeks using adsorvent tubes which are 100㎜ long packed with Tenax-GR. Collected VOCs were analyzed using cryofocusing GC/FID/FPD quantitatively and identified using cryfocusing GC/MS. The concentration of VOCs showed remarkable change between before and after landfill in ambient air. The highest concentration of toluene, p-xylene, styrene and dimethy1 disulfide were 79.2㎍/㎥,38.8㎍/㎥, 21.7㎍/㎥ and 21.8㎍/㎥, respectively. Concentrations of total hydrocarbons calculated as the equivalent of toluene ranged from 1.5 to 112.4 ppbC. The highest concentrations of VOCs were appeared during the period of rubbish transfer from the temporary landfill site.

춘천 지역의 담수어류 분포

송호복,백현민,조동현 강원대학교 부속 환경연구소 2004 Journal of the Environment Vol.1 No.-

The environmental characteristics of streams, ichthyofauna and structure of fish community were surveyed in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do from May and October in 2004. Streams were Aa and Aa-Bb types. In stream environment, middle and upper parts of Yulmoon and Palmi sterams were good condition. Twenty four species belonging to 8families were collected. Cyprinidae fish occupied 74,5%, Gobiidae 11.6% and Cobitidae 10.8%. According to relative abundance, Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (25.2%) was dominant species and Zacco platypus (18.3%) was subdominant. Rhinogobius brunneus (11.5%), Zacco temmincki (10.8%) and Pseudolasbora parva (7.5%) were common, and Silurus asotus, Silurus microdorsalis and Chaenogobius urotaenia were rare species. Endemic species of Korea were 6 species (25.0%) and exotic fish was Micropterus salmoides. By analyzing of fish community in the surveyed area, the species richness. evenness, diversity and dominance were calculated as 0.49~2.04, 0.35~0.94,0.38~1.97 and 0.41~1.00 respectively.