Percepção de consoantes oclusivas em posição inicial de palavra por estudantes de língua portuguesa na Coreia do Sul

( Juliano Paiva Junho ),( Karina G. S. De Oliveira ) 한국포르투갈-브라질학회 2020 포르투갈-브라질 연구 Vol.17 No.2

Este artigo apresenta uma análise inicial de dados coletados sobre a percepção dos sons da língua portuguesa por falantes nativos de coreano, estudantes em fase inicial de aprendizado na BUFS (Busan University of Foreign Studies ─ Universidade de Estudos Estrangeiros de Busan), Coreia do Sul. Discutimos alguns dos diversos sistemas de romanização do coreano e suas idiossincrasias. Seguimos comentando brevemente os sistemas fonológicos de ambas a línguas e comparando-os frente a frente, demonstrando os seus pontos de divergência que podem vir a criar problemas quando do ensino da língua portuguesa. Continuamos discutindo o experimento elaborado com palavras selecionadas a partir dessas divergências dos sistemas fonológicos das línguas, apresentamos a metodologia pela qual os dados foram coletados e as formas de processamento computacional usadas. Por fim, focamo-nos na análise das consoantes oclusivas em posição inicial de palavras, visto que apresentam grande dificuldade para os aprendizes. Apresentamos os resultados obtidos dos alunos que demonstram que a percepção dos fonemas consonantais surdos (/p, t, k/) e sonoros (/b, d, g/) da língua portuguesa não é algo simples que se possa ensinar sem esforço. Comentamos, brevemente, ao final do artigo, propostas de abordagem didática para os problemas levantados sobre o ensino de fonética/fonologia do português para coreanos. This article presents an initial analysis of data collected on the perception of sounds of the Portuguese language by native Korean speakers, students in the initial learning phase at BUFS (Busan University of Foreign Studies - Busan University of Foreign Studies), South Korea. We discuss some of the several systems of Korean romanization and its idiosyncrasies. We continue commenting briefly on the phonological systems of both languages and comparing them face to face, demonstrating their points of divergence that may create problems when teaching Portuguese. We then discuss the experiment developed with words selected from divergent points in each language’s phonological system and present the methodology by which the data were collected, as well as the forms of computational processing used. Finally, we focus on the analysis of the occlusive consonants in word initial position since they present great difficulty for Korean students. We present results that the perception of voiceless (/p, t, k/) and voiced (/b, d, g/) consonant phonemes in Portuguese is not something simple that can be taught without effort. At the end of the article, we briefly propose a didactic approach on the problems raised about teaching Portuguese phonetics/phonology to Koreans.

Adjuvant therapy with 1% alendronate gel for experimental periodontitis treatment in rats

de Campos Kajimoto, Natalia,de Paiva Buischi, Yvonne,Loomer, Peter Michael,Bromage, Timothy G.,Ervolino, Edilson,Fucini, Stephen Enrico,Pola, Natalia Marcumini,Pirovani, Beatriz Ommati,Morabito, Maria Korean Academy of Periodontology 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.-

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of locally delivered 1% alendronate (ALN) gel used as an adjunct to non-invasive periodontal therapy. Methods: Ligature-induced periodontitis was performed in 96 rats. The ligature was tied in the cervical area of the mandibular left first molar. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) NT, no treatment; 2) SRP, scaling and root planning; 3) SRP/PLA, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pocket with placebo gel (PLA); and 4) SRP/ALN, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pockets with 1% ALN gel. Histomorphometric (percentage of bone in the furcation region [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed, with the threshold of statistical significance set at P≤0.05. Results: The SRP, SRP/PLA, and SRP/ALN groups presented a higher PBF than the NT group (P≤0.01) at 7, 15, and 30 days. The SRP/ALN group presented a higher PBF than the SRP/PLA group in all experimental periods, as well as a higher PBF than the SRP group at 15 and 30 days. No differences were observed in the immunohistochemical analyses (P>0.05 for all). Conclusions: Locally delivered 1% ALN gel used as an adjunct to SRP enhanced bone regeneration in the furcation region in a rat model of experimental periodontitis.

Paramagnetic Meissner Effect and Strong Time Dependence at High Fields in Melt-Textured High-TC Superconductors

Cristol de Paiva Gouvˆea,F´abio Teixeira Dias,Valdemar das Neves Vieira,Douglas Langie da Silva,Jacob Schaf,Frederik Wolff-Fabris,Joan Josep Roa Rovira 한국물리학회 2013 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.62 No.10

In this work we report on systematic field-cooled magnetization experiments in melt-textured YBa2Cu3O7−δ samples containing Y211 precipitates. Magnetic fields up to 14 T were applied either parallel or perpendicular to the ab planes and a strong paramagnetic response related to the superconducting state was observed. This effect is known as paramagnetic Meissner effect (PME). The magnitude of the PME increases when the field is augmented. This effect shows a strong paramagnetic relaxation, such that the paramagnetic moment increases as a function of the time. The pinning by the Y211 particles plays a crucial role in the explanation of this effect and our results suggest that the pinning capacity can produce a strong flux compression into the sample,originating the PME and the strong time dependence.

Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin on feeding, survival, and gut enzymes of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Carolina de Santana Souza,Thamara Figueiredo Procopio,Bernardo do Rego Belmonte,Patrıcia Maria Guedes Paiva,Lidiane Pereira de Albuquerque,Emmanuel Viana Pontual,Thiago Henrique Napoleao 한국응용생명화학회 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

In this study, the effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin (OfiL) on the survival and nutritional parameters of Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) adults were evaluated. OfiL was incorporated into the artificial diets at concentrations of 15, 60, and 95 mg/g (mg of lectin per g of wheat flour). Mortality was evaluated after 7 and 15 days, and the amount of food ingested and the weight of the insects were determined on the 7th day. In addition, the in vitro effects of OfiL on the gut enzymes of the insect were investigated. The ingestion of OfiL did not show any significant difference in the mortality rates compared to control. The relative consumption rate was also similar to that of the control, and no deterrent effect was detected. However, the values of the relative biomass variation and the efficiency of ingested food conversion were negative in the treatments at 60 and 95 mg/g, showing that lectin ingestion resulted in weight loss. OfiL exhibited a stimulatory effect on the protease activity from S. zeamais gut extract, which may cause uncontrolled hydrolysis of proteins in the digestive tract. This lectin did not promote significant alteration in the amylase activity. In conclusion, OfiL was able to exert anti-nutritional effects without causing a deterrent effect.

Adjuvant therapy with 1% alendronate gel for experimental periodontitis treatment in rats

Natália de Campos Kajimoto,Yvonne de Paiva Buischi,Peter Michael Loomer,Timothy G. Bromage,Edilson Ervolino,Stephen Enrico Fucini,Natália Marcumini Pola,Beatriz Ommati Pirovani,Maria Juliana Sismeiro 대한치주과학회 2021 Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science Vol.51 No.6

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of locally delivered 1% alendronate (ALN) gel used as an adjunct to non-invasive periodontal therapy. Methods: Ligature-induced periodontitis was performed in 96 rats. The ligature was tied in the cervical area of the mandibular left first molar. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1) NT, no treatment; 2) SRP, scaling and root planning; 3) SRP/PLA, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pocket with placebo gel (PLA); and 4) SRP/ALN, SRP followed by filling the periodontal pockets with 1% ALN gel. Histomorphometric (percentage of bone in the furcation region [PBF]) and immunohistochemical (receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, osteoprotegerin, and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase) analyses were performed. Data were statistically analyzed, with the threshold of statistical significance set at P≤0.05. Results: The SRP, SRP/PLA, and SRP/ALN groups presented a higher PBF than the NT group (P≤0.01) at 7, 15, and 30 days. The SRP/ALN group presented a higher PBF than the SRP/PLA group in all experimental periods, as well as a higher PBF than the SRP group at 15 and 30 days. No differences were observed in the immunohistochemical analyses (P>0.05 for all). Conclusions: Locally delivered 1% ALN gel used as an adjunct to SRP enhanced bone regeneration in the furcation region in a rat model of experimental periodontitis.

Effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin on feeding, survival, and gut enzymes of maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais

Souza, Carolina de Santana,Procopio, Thamara Figueiredo,Belmonte, Bernardo do Rego,Paiva, Patricia Maria Guedes,de Albuquerque, Lidiane Pereira,Pontual, Emmanuel Viana,Napoleao, Thiago Henrique The Korean Society for Applied Biological Chemistr 2018 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.61 No.3

In this study, the effects of Opuntia ficus-indica lectin (OfiL) on the survival and nutritional parameters of Sitophilus zeamais (maize weevil) adults were evaluated. OfiL was incorporated into the artificial diets at concentrations of 15, 60, and 95 mg/g (mg of lectin per g of wheat flour). Mortality was evaluated after 7 and 15 days, and the amount of food ingested and the weight of the insects were determined on the 7th day. In addition, the in vitro effects of OfiL on the gut enzymes of the insect were investigated. The ingestion of OfiL did not show any significant difference in the mortality rates compared to control. The relative consumption rate was also similar to that of the control, and no deterrent effect was detected. However, the values of the relative biomass variation and the efficiency of ingested food conversion were negative in the treatments at 60 and 95 mg/g, showing that lectin ingestion resulted in weight loss. OfiL exhibited a stimulatory effect on the protease activity from S. zeamais gut extract, which may cause uncontrolled hydrolysis of proteins in the digestive tract. This lectin did not promote significant alteration in the amylase activity. In conclusion, OfiL was able to exert anti-nutritional effects without causing a deterrent effect.

Age-related Autoimmune Changes in Lacrimal Glands

Rodrigo G. de Souza,Cintia S. de Paiva,Milton R. Alves 대한면역학회 2019 Immune Network Vol.19 No.1

Age-related Autoimmune Changes in Lacrimal Glands

Rodrigo G. de Souza,Cintia S. de Paiva,Milton R. Alves 대한면역학회 2019 Immune Network Vol.19 No.1

Aging is a complex process associated with dysregulation of the immune system and low levels of inflammation, often associated with the onset of many pathologies. The lacrimal gland (LG) plays a vital role in the maintenance of ocular physiology and changes related to aging directly affect eye diseases. The dysregulation of the immune system in aging leads to quantitative and qualitative changes in antibodies and cytokines. While there is a gradual decline of the immune system, there is an increase in autoimmunity, with a reciprocal pathway between low levels of inflammation and aging mechanisms. Elderly C57BL/6J mice spontaneously show LGs infiltration that is characterized by Th1 but not Th17 cells. The aging of the LG is related to functional alterations, reduced innervation and decreased secretory activities. Lymphocytic infiltration, destruction, and atrophy of glandular parenchyma, ductal dilatation, and secretion of inflammatory mediators modify the volume and composition of tears. Oxidative stress, the capacity to metabolize and eliminate toxic substances decreased in aging, is also associated with the reduction of LG functionality and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Although further studies are required for a better understanding of autoimmunity and aging of the LG, we described anatomic and immunology aspects that have been described so far.

Eco-Friendly Manufacturing of Nano-TiO2 Coated Cotton Textile with Multifunctional Properties

Mirele Horsth de Paiva Teixeira,Luís Antônio Lourenço,Wagner Artifon,Celso Junior de Castro Vieira,Sergio Yesid Gómez González,Dachamir Hotza 한국섬유공학회 2020 Fibers and polymers Vol.21 No.1

In this work, multifunctional cotton fabrics were developed by immobilizing TiO2 nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) usingan eco-friendly bath through a highly-scalable technique. The effects of TiO2-NPs, cross-linking agent, catalyst and curingtemperatures were assessed by analysis of variance and surface response methodology. The results disclose an excellentperformance of treated textiles for various applications: flame-retardant (char content enhanced by 1000 %), photocatalyticdecontamination (>90 % of contaminant abatement and feasibility for multiple reuses), self-cleaning of intense stains (up to80 % of stain vanishing), bacterial inhibition without TiO2 UV-activation (≈25 % of bacteria growth reduction). Moreover,those properties were durable for at least five domestic laundering cycles.

Anti-Ulcerogenic Mechanisms of the Sesquiterpene Lactone Onopordopicrin-Enriched Fraction from Arctium lappa L. (Asteraceae): Role of Somatostatin, Gastrin, and Endogenous Sulfhydryls and Nitric Oxide

Ana Beatriz Albino de Almeida,Anderson Luiz-Ferreira,Maı´ra Cola,Luciana Di Pietro Magri,Leonia Maria Batista,Joseilson Alves de Paiva,Jose´ Roberto Trigo,Alba R.M. Souza-Brito 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.4

Arctium lappa L. has been used in folk medicine as a diuretic, depurative, and digestive stimulant and in dermatological conditions. The mechanisms involved in the anti-ulcerogenic activity of the sesquiterpene onopordopicrin (ONP)-enriched fraction (termed the ONP fraction), obtained from A. lappa leaves, were studied. The gastroprotective mechanism of the ONP fraction was evaluated in experimental in vivo models in rodents, mimicking this disease in humans. ONP fraction (50mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited the mucosal injury induced by ethanol/HCl solution (75%), indomethacin/bethanecol (68.9%), and stress (58.3%). When the ONP fraction was investigated in pylorus ligature, it did not induce alteration in the gastric volume but did modify the pH and total acid concentration of gastric juice. ONP fraction significantly increased serum somatostatin levels (82.1 – 4.1 vs. control group 12.7 – 4 pmol/L) and decreased serum gastrin levels (62.6 – 6.04 vs. control group 361.5 – 8.2 lU/mL). Mucus production was not significantly altered by the ONP fraction. Gastroprotection by the ONP fraction was completely inhibited by N-ethylmaleimide treatment and did not modify the effect in the animals pretreated with l-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester. These results suggest an antisecretory mechanism involved with the antiulcerogenic effect of the ONP fraction. However, only endogenous sulfhydryls play an important role in gastroprotection of the ONP fraction.