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Lei Zhu,Xin Wu,Xixi Hu,Xinyue Li,Shanshan Lv,Chuan Zhan,Yunhua Chen,Changyuan Wang,Jingyu Xu 한국식품과학회 2023 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.32 No.2
The total contents and antioxidant activities of phenolic compounds as well as anthocyanin profiles were analyzed and compared in fresh berries and fermented pomace of three grape cultivars with different pedigrees. The phenolic contents and antioxidant activities decreased significantly in skins (p < 0.05), while relatively large amounts of them were retained in seeds after fermentative maceration. Fermentative maceration also had a significant impact on the anthocyanin compositions. The proportions of anthocyanins with more stable structures, such as malvidin derivatives, methylated, diglucosides and nonacylated anthocyanins, increased significantly in the pomace skins (p < 0.05). There were obvious differences in phenolic features and anthocyanin profiles among the three cultivars. ‘NW196’, a wine hybrid of Vitis vinifera and V. quinquangularis, was characterized by the highest total anthocyanin contents and degree of diglucosylation. The results obtained in this study could contribute to the primary data for the development and utilization of winemaking pomace, especially from local non-Vitis vinifera grapes.
Chi Xiangyu,Li Shengjie,Gu Mingzhou,Li Yaru,Zhu Xixi,Wang Naihua 한국원자력학회 2023 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.55 No.8
The fluid retention effect of the Volume Control Tank (VCT) leads to a long time delay in Reactor Coolant System (RCS) concentration during the boration process. A coupled model combining a lumpedparameter sub-model and a computational fluid dynamics sub-model is currently used to investigate the concentration dynamic characteristic of RCS during the boration process. This model is validated by comparison with experimental data, and the predicted results show excellent agreement with experimental data. We provide detailed fields in VCT and concentration variations of RCS to study the interaction between mixing in VCT and the transient responses of RCS. Moreover, the impacts of the inlet flow rate, inlet nozzle diameter, original concentration, and replenishing temperature of VCT on the RCS concentration characteristic are studied. The inlet flow rate and nozzle diameter of VCT remarkably affect the RCS concentration characteristic. Too-large or too-small inlet flow rates and nozzle diameters will lead to unacceptable long delays. In this work, the optimal inlet flow rate and nozzle diameter of VCT are 5 m3 /h and 58.8 mm, respectively. Besides, the impacts of the original concentration and replenishing temperature of VCT are negligible under normal operating conditions.