Antioxidant, Antibacterial, Tyrosinase Inhibitory, and Biofilm Inhibitory Activities of Fermented Rice Bran Broth with Effective Microorganisms

Li, Zhixiong,Lee, Jin-Tae,Cho, Moo-Hwan 한국생물공학회 2010 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.15 No.1

The effective microorganism fermentation extract (EM-X) is a refreshment beverage widely consumed in East Asia. Due to the antioxidant property of the health beverage, EM-X has potential benefits for the human immune system and has been generally accepted in clinical practice. In search of new functions of EM-X, another version of EM-X, named EM-YU in this study, which is fermented from rice bran, seaweed, and kiwifruit with effective microorganisms demonstrates high antioxidant, antibacterial, tyrosinase inhibition activities, and biofilm inhibition activity of pathogenic bacteria. The antioxidant activity of 1.8% EM-YU was equivalent to that of 0.01 mg/mL vitamin C. Also, EM-YU clearly inhibited the cell growth of two pathogenic bacteria, Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1; and EM-YU broth (6.7%) inhibited (55${\pm}$1%) the activity of mushroom tyrosinase. Moreover, the ethyl acetate extract of EM-YU, called EM-YU-EX (0.6 mg/mL), 7-fold reduced the biofilm formation of E. coli O157:H7 without affecting its cell growth. It is the first report that EM-X variant possess antibacterial, tyrosinase inhibitory, and biofilm inhibitory activities. These results support other beneficial properties of the natural health product EM-X variant (EM-YU).

Modeling of Left Ventricular Motion and Hemodynamic Analysis Based on CT Tomography

Zhixiong Li,Liang Qi,Wei Han,Minzu Zhang,Tianci Duan,Yan Qiang 한국유체기계학회 2024 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.17 No.1

Based on Computed Tomography (CT) tomography images of the human heart, a 3D reconstruction and wall optimization of the heart was performed by using Mimics to model the motion of the left ventricular overflow wall. The non-Newtonian blood flow in the left ventricle was numerically simulated using the dynamic mesh technique based on User Defined Functions (UDF) programming of the left ventricular wall motion. When the left ventricle is diastolic, the internal pressure gradually increases, the blood flow structure approximates the physiological blood flow pattern, the rate at the mitral orifice first increases and then decreases, and a local high stress zone appears. When the left ventricle is systolic, the pressure gradient is significant, the internal pressure decreases and the rate at the aortic valve orifice shows a pattern of increasing and then decreasing. The dynamic simulation of left ventricular blood flow provides a feasible technical solution for the fluid dynamics analysis of cardiac physiological and pathological processes

Intelligent fault diagnosis method for marine diesel engines using instantaneous angular speed

Zhixiong Li 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.8

The normal operation of marine diesel engines ensures the scheduled completion and efficiency of a trip. Any failures may result in significant economic losses and severe accidents. It is therefore crucial to monitor the engine conditions in a reliable and timely manner in order to prevent the malfunctions of the plants. This work describes and evaluates the development and application of an intelligent diagnostic technique based on the integration of the empirical mode decomposition (EMD), kernel independent component analysis (KICA), Wigner bispectrum and support vector machine (SVM). It is an extension of the previous work on the fault detection for a diesel engine using the instantaneous angular speed (IAS). In this study, in order to solve the underdetermined blind source separation (BSS)problem the combination of EMD and KICA is firstly presented to estimate IAS signals from a single-channel IAS sensor. The KICA is also applied to select distinguished features extracted by Wigner bispectrum. The SVM is then employed for the multi-class recognition of the marine diesel engine faults in an intelligent way. Numerical simulations using a 6-cylinder engine model and real IAS data measured on the ship named “Hangjun 20” are used to evaluate the proposed method. Both the numerical and experimental diagnostic results have shown high efficiency of the proposed diagnostic method. Distinct fault features of the IAS signals have been extracted by the EMD-KICA and Wigner bispectrum, and the fault detection rate of the SVM is beyond 94.0%. Thus, the proposed method is feasible and available for the fault diagnosis of marine diesel engines.

Attention-based for Multiscale Fusion Underwater Image Enhancement

Zhixiong Huang,Jinjiang Li,Zhen Hua 한국인터넷정보학회 2022 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.16 No.2

Underwater images often suffer from color distortion, blurring and low contrast, which is caused by the propagation of light in the underwater environment being affected by the two processes: absorption and scattering. To cope with the poor quality of underwater images, this paper proposes a multiscale fusion underwater image enhancement method based on channel attention mechanism and local binary pattern (LBP). The network consists of three modules: feature aggregation, image reconstruction and LBP enhancement. The feature aggregation module aggregates feature information at different scales of the image, and the image reconstruction module restores the output features to high-quality underwater images. The network also introduces channel attention mechanism to make the network pay more attention to the channels containing important information. The detail information is protected by real-time superposition with feature information. Experimental results demonstrate that the method in this paper produces results with correct colors and complete details, and outperforms existing methods in quantitative metrics.

The Formation of Magnetite Nanoparticle in Ordered System of the Soybean Lecithin

Li, Tiefu,Deng, Yingjie,Song, Xiaoping,Jin, Zhixiong,Zhang, Ying Korean Chemical Society 2003 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.24 No.7

A method of preparation of magnetite nanoparticles in ordered systems, as in vesicle and microemulsion, consisting of soybean lecithin and water has been introduced. The size of magnetite grain was controlled by the content of soybean lecithin and size of liposomes in the systems. It was found by experiment that magnetite nanoparticles were formed inside the double layer vesicles. The magnetite nanoparticles were separated by magnetic separation and centrifugation and the dispersion of the magnetite nanoparticles prepared at 10% (w/w) soybean lecithin was particularly stable. The formation of pure magnetite nanoparticles was confirmed by analyses of XRD and electron diffraction pattern.

Hydrogen sulfide ameliorates abdominal aorta coarctation-induced myocardial fibrosis by inhibiting pyroptosis through regulating eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α phosphorylation and activating PI3K/AKT1 pathway

Yaling Li,Zhixiong Wu,Jiangping Hu,Gongli Liu,Hongming Hu,Fan Ouyang,Jun Yang The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2023 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.27 No.4

This study aimed to assess the effects of exogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) on abdominal aorta coarctation (AAC) induced myocardial fibrosis (MF) and autophagy in rats. Forty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, AAC group, AAC + H₂S group, and H₂S control group. After a model of rats with AAC was built surgically, AAC + H₂S group and H₂S group were injected intraperitoneally with H₂S (100 µmol/kg) daily. The rats in the control group and the AAC group were injected with the same amount of PBS. We observed that H₂S can improve left ventricular function and the deposition of myocardial collagen fibers, inhibit pyroptosis, down-regulate the expression of P-eif2α in myocardial tissue, and inhibit cell autophagy by activating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT1 signaling pathway (p < 0.05). In addition, angiotensin II (1 µM) H9c2 cardiomyocytes were injured in vitro experiments, and it was also observed that pyroptosis was inhibited after H₂S (400 µmol/kg) intervention, the expression of P-eif2α in cardiomyocytes was significantly down-regulated, and the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway was activated at the same time. Therefore, increasing the expression of P-eif2α reverses the activation of the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway by H₂S. In conclusion, these findings suggest that exogenous H₂S can ameliorate MF in rats with AAC by inhibiting pyroptosis, and the mechanism may be associated with inhibiting the phosphorylation of eif2α and activating the PI3K/AKT1 signaling pathway to inhibit excessive cell autophagy.

Effect of plant secondary metabolites on common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Qi Su,Zhixiong ZHOU,Jianmin ZHANG,Caihua SHI,Guohui ZHANG,Zhenyu JIN,Wenkai WANG,Chuanren LI 한국곤충학회 2018 Entomological Research Vol.48 No.1

The effect of various flavonoids, lectins and phenyl β‐D‐glucoside on larval survival, weights and the activities of digestive (total serine protease and trypsin) and detoxifying (esterase and glutathione‐S‐transferase) enzymes of Spodoptera litura larvae at 7 days after treatment was studied through diet incorporation assay. Flavonoids (rutin, chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, caffeic acid, naringenin, quercitin, kaempferol, myricetin, catechin, and ferulic acid) were incorporated in artificial diet at 100, 500 and 1000 ppm, lectins: groundnut leaf lectin (GLL), concavalin A (ConA) and phenyl β‐D‐glucoside at 1, 2 and 5 μg/mL. Flavonoids such as rutin, quercitin and kaempferol at 1000 ppm were more toxic to S. litura larvae than quinic acid, caffeic acid, naringenin, myricetin, catechin, and ferulic acid. Larval growth and development were significantly reduced in S. litura larvae fed on a diet with GLL and ConA at 5 μg/mL compared to the larvae fed at 2 and 1 μg/mL concentrations. The larvae fed on flavonoid‐treated diets showed significant reduction in serine protease, trypsin and esterase activities. The flavonoids such as rutin, chlorogenic acid, quinic acid, naringenin, quercitin, kaempferol and myricetin, and lectins, GLL and ConA can be utilized in insect control programs.

Experimental study of reversal of multidrug resistance in human leukemia K562/DOX cells by toad venom

Hu, Pei,Qiu, Zhichao,Li, Yaohe,Liu, Anping,Chen, Zhixiong,Huliwen, Huliwen,Luo, Man,Guxuekui, Guxuekui,Xiaoyang, Xiaoyang,Xie, Ying,Lan, Hai Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.11 No.2

Acute leukemia is a malignant tumor originating from the hematopoietic system with the highest incidence and mortality. At present, the main clinical treatment of leukemia is still chemotherapy, during the course of which the multidrug resistance (MDR) will significantly reduce remission rate and disease-free survival rate of patients. MDR is the most important factor affecting refractory/recurrent acute leukemia. Therefore, reversing leukemia MDR is one of the best ways to improve the complete remission rate of refractory/recurrent acute leukemia, and the study of drugs and methods to overcome leukemia MDR has received extensive attention in the leukemia research field. This study was to primarily investigate the effects of Liushen pills on leukemia drug-resistant cell line K562/DOX in inhibiting growth, reversing resistance and inducing apoptosis in anticipation of providing useful cytological and molecular biological basis for the treatment of refractory/recurrent acute leukemia. The serum containing toad venom was prepared by means of Chinese drug serum pharmacology. MTT assay was used to detect the inhibitory rates of human leukemia cell line K562/DOX after being treated with the serum containing toad venom as well as daunorubicin, or with the serum containing toad venom alone at different time points. Real-time fluorescent quantitative analysis (RT-PCR) was performed to determine the effects of serum containing toad venom on the expression of BCL-2 mRNA in human leukemia cell line K562/DOX. Compared to the control group, toad venom showed inhibitory effects on K562/DOX cells; the expression level of BCL-2 mRNA in toad venom group were decreased, indicating that toad venom may reverse the resistance of K562/DOX cells by down-regulating the expression level of MDR1.

Caspofungin combined with hormones as preemptive therapy of chemotherapy-induced disseminated candidiasis in a patient

Yali, Liang,Zhichao, Qiu,Yaohe, Li,Anping, Liu,Zhixiong, Chen,Huliwen, Huliwen,man, Luo,jing, He,Xiaoyang, Xiaoyang,Hai, Lan Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.6

Disseminated candidiasis (DC) arising from nosocomial fungal infection is a life-threatening complication in critically ill, nonneutropenic patients. The overall nosocomial fungal infection rate in United States hospitals doubled from 1980-1990. Until recently, amphotericin B was the only agent available for the treatment of life-threatening candidal infections, but its use is plagued by toxicities including nephrotoxicity and infusion-related reactions such as rigors and hypotension. The availability of fluconazole, which is regarded more much less toxic than amphotericin B, prompted a surge in research to determine if it is as efficacious in the management of candidemia and hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. Complicating the interpretation of studies is the broad range of infection severity, from candidemia that may be transient and self-limiting to life-threatening hematogenously disseminated candidiasis. This study has used the models of Artificial neural network (ANN) and Support Vector regression (SVR) to accurately assess the clinical trials comparing fluconazole and amphotericin B demonstrate the efficacy of fluconazole for catheter-associated candidemia in critically ill patients when the likely pathogen is Candida albicans. As a result, Amphotericin B should remain the first-line agent for the management of candidemia and hematogenously disseminated candidiasis in all other patients. Also, SVR could accurately assess the efficacy of fluconazole for catheter-associated candidemia in critically ill patients.

Observer-based Composite Adaptive Dynamic Terminal Sliding-mode Controller for Nonlinear Uncertain SISO Systems

Xiaofei Liu,Shengbo Qi,Reza Malekain,Zhixiong Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2019 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.17 No.1

In the present paper, the observer-based composite adaptive terminal sliding-mode control is investigatedfor the nonlinear uncertain system. First, an adaptive observer is designed to estimate the unavailable high-orderderivative of the output. Then, a new dynamic terminal sliding surface is proposed with a state filter, which aims todevelop the dynamic terminal sliding mode controller. By the composite adaptive control methods, a new adaptivelaw is designed, and the stability of the overall system is proofed based on the Lyapunov method. Finally, somenumerical simulations are conducted to validate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.