Abietane Diterpenoids from Perovskia atriplicifolia and Their Anti-HBV Activities

Zhi-Yong Jiang,Zhong-Qiu Li,Chao-Guan Huang,Jun Zhou,Qiu-Fen Hu,Wen-Xing Liu,Xiang-Zhong Huang,Wei Wang,Li-Zhu Zhang,Fu-Ting Xia 대한화학회 2015 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.36 No.2

Bioassay-guided phytochemical investigation on the 90% EtOH extract of Perovskia atriplicifolia resulted in the isolation of eight abietane diterpenoids, including three new ones (1–3). Based on spectroscopic methods involving 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy techniques, mass spectrometry, and optical rotation, the structures of the new compounds (1–3) were unambiguously characterized. Compounds 1–2 and 4–8 were evaluated for their anti-HBV (hepatitis B virus) activity in HepG 2.2.15 cell line. Results suggested rosmadial (8) had the most anti-HBV potency, suppressing the secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg, with IC50 values of 0.09 and 0.34 mM, respectively.

Genetic Overlap in the Quantitative Resistance of Rice at the Seedling and Adult Stages to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae

Yong-Li Zhou,Xue-Wen Xie,Mei-Rong Xu,Jin-Ping Zang,Ling-Hua Zhu,Jian-Long Xu,Zhi-Kang Li 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.2

The genetic components responsible for the qualitative and quantitative resistance of rice to three Chinese races (C2, C4, and C5) of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo)were investigated at the seedling and adult stages in two successive years in set of Lemont/Teqing cross introgression lines (ILs) in a Teqing background, to create a complete linkage map using 160 well-distributed SSR markers. Teqing was resistant to C2 and C4, but moderately susceptible to C5,whereas Lemont was susceptible to all three races. Highly significant correlations were detected among the resistance to different races at different developmental stages. A major gene (Xa4), 14 main-effect QTLs (M-QTLs), and 18 epistatic QTLs were identified in the two developmental stages over 2 years,and were largely responsible for the segregation of resistance in the ILs. In 2007, the Lemont alleles at all loci in the seedling stage, except QBbr10 to C4, increased lesion length (LL) or decreased resistance. The Teqing allele at the Xa4 locus acted as a resistance gene against C2 and C4, but acted as a M-QTL when its resistance was overcome by the virulent race C5. MQTLs showed a degree of race specificity and had a cumulative effect on resistance. Most M-QTLs (94%) consistently expressed resistance to the same race at the seedling and adult stages, indicating that a high degree of genetic overlap exists between Xoo resistance at both developmental stages in rice. Among the digenic interactions, most co-introgressed Lemont alleles at the two epistatic loci lead to significantly smaller LL with all three races, compared to other types of interacting alleles at both development stages. The results indicate that a high level of resistance may be achieved by the cumulative effect of multiple M-QTLs, including the residual effects of “defeated” major resistance genes and the epistatic effects of co-introgression from diverse susceptible varieties.

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi from Different Verticillium-Wilt-Resistant Gossypium hirsutum and Evaluation of Antifungal Activity Against Verticillium dahliae In Vitro

( Zhi Fang Li ),( Ling Fei Wang ),( Zi Li Feng ),( Li Hong Zhao ),( Yong Qiang Shi ),( He Qin Zhu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2014 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.24 No.9

Cotton plants were sampled and ranked according to their resistance to Verticillium wilt. In total, 642 endophytic fungi isolates representing 27 genera were recovered from Gossypium hirsutum root, stem, and leaf tissues, but were not uniformly distributed. More endophytic fungi appeared in the leaf (391) compared with the root (140) and stem (111) sections. However, no significant difference in the abundance of isolated endophytes was found among resistant cotton varieties. Alternaria exhibited the highest colonization frequency (7.9%), followed by Acremonium (6.6%) and Penicillium (4.8%). Unlike tolerant varieties, resistant and susceptible ones had similar endophytic fungal population compositions. In three Verticillium-wilt-resistant cotton varieties, fungal endophytes from the genus Alternaria were most frequently isolated, followed by Gibberella and Penicillium. The maximum concentration of dominant endophytic fungi was observed in leaf tissues (0.1797). The evenness of stem tissue endophytic communities (0.702) was comparatively more uniform than the other two tissues. Eighty endophytic fungi selected from 27 genera were evaluated for their inhibition activity against highly virulent Verticillium dahliae isolate Vd080 in vitro. Thirty-nine isolates exhibited fungistasis against the pathogen at varying degrees. Seven species, having high growth inhibition rates (≥75%), exhibited strong antifungal activity against V. dahliae. The antifungal activity of both volatile and nonvolatile metabolites was also investigated. The nonvolatile substances produced by CEF-818 (Penicillium simplicissimum), CEF-325 (Fusarium solani), CEF-714 (Leptosphaeria sp.), and CEF-642 (Talaromyces flavus) completely inhibited V. dahliae growth. These findings deepen our understanding of cotton-endophyte interactions and provide a platform for screening G. hirsutum endophytes with biocontrol potential.

Characteristics of circRNAs expression profiles in the piglets intestine induced by oxidative stress

Li Zhi-xin,Chen Wei,Qin Ming,Wang Li-xue,Zeng Yong-qing 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.4

Backgroud: Oxidative stress (OS) can affect the expression of key genes and destroy the intestinal structure. However, it is unclear how OS regulates the expression of circular RNAs (circRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs exposed to OS. Methods: Piglets were exposed to diquat (DQ), a herbicide, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the morphology of the intestine were investigated. We utilized whole transcriptome sequencing to examine the global expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the jejunum. Results: Compared to controls, 751 circRNAs, 731 miRNAs and 164 mRNAs were differentially expressed in diquat-treated piglets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis indicated that oxidative phosphorylation, RNA degradation and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis were closely associated with OS. Conclusions: Our results indicated that diquat-induced OS alters the intestinal structure, resulting in the differential expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in the jejunum of piglets. Meanwhile, OS weakened the enzyme antioxidant system in serum of piglets. Our results provide a foundation for further studies on the mechanisms involved in the response to OS in the jejunum.

The Domain Ontology and Domain Rules Based Requirements Model Checking

LI Zong-yong,WANG Zhi-xu,ZHANG Ai-hui,Xu Yong 보안공학연구지원센터 2007 International Journal of Software Engineering and Vol.1 No.1

Many ontology-based methods have been proposed and applied in order to elicit system requirements correctly and unambiguously. However, most of ontologies in these methods are purely conceptual models. Furthermore, the domain knowledge base only captures domain concepts and neglects domain-restricted rules. If the requirements model violate these rules or contradict the usual business behavior, they become unreasonable. This paper suggests a formal approach to precisely describe ontology using description logic at first, and then model the integrity rules and derivation rules which restrict the business behavior. All the rules are represented in three aspects: syntax, semantics and visualization. Finally, the requirements model checking framework is provided combining domain ontology and domain rules, which makes the requirements elicitation process both guided by domain ontology and restricted by domain rules. Therefore, the acquired requirements would comply with both business needs and domain knowledge.

A New Method of Motion Detection with Biological Intelligence

Zhi-yong Li,Zhen Jiang,Jun-min Liu,Chao Chen 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2012 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.5 No.2

연변지역 다원문화의 형성과 특성

이용식(Li, Yong Zhi) 전남대학교 글로벌디아스포라연구소 2012 디아스포라 연구 Vol.6 No.1

연변지역에서의 다원문화 형성은 토착문화와 외래문화가 상호 융합하면서 형성된 문화이다. 연변지역은 유구한 역사를 갖고 있으며 북방 여러 민족에 의해 이루어진 소중한 문화유산을 가지고 있다. 청나라시기 200여년이라는 봉금정책으로 인해 연변지역은 인적이 드문 곳으로 변하였다. 그리하여 훗날 대량이민이 발생한 주요원인이 되기도 한다. 이러한 연변지역의 특수한 지리적 여건으로 인해 중국관내지구로부터 연변으로의 이민은 극히 적었지만 반면에 강 하나를 사이에 둔 한반도로부터 많은 이주민들이 들어옴으로 연변지역은 한인 집단 거주지로 변하였다. 연변지역의 인구증가는 20세기에 들어와서 급속한 성장을 보여준다. 더욱이 한일합방 후 한반도의 애국지사들이 연변지역에 대량 이주하면서 정치적 이민이 늘어났다. 한인들은 연변지구에 집중하여 거주하면서 간민교육회, 간민회 등 자치단체를 조직하여 한인들의 민족 이익을 대표하게 하였다. 이러한 단체의 조직은 진정한 한인사회의 형성을 이룩하였다고 할 수 있다. 연변지역의 다원문화 특성을 세 가지로 개괄할 수 있다. 우선 다민족잡거로인한 다원문화의 여러 가지 특성이 생겼다. 둘째는 종교의 다양성과 다국화경향을 들 수 있다. 연변지역의 여러 민족들은 기독교, 천주교, 불교, 유교, 대종교등 다양한 종교신앙을 갖고 있었다. 한인의 종교신앙에서 다국화경향을 발견할 수 있다. 중국에서 전파된 종교가 한반도에서 본토화 된 후 다시 연변지역으로 들어옴으로써 발생한 종교의 다국화현상이 다원문화특성 중 주목할 만한 부분이기도 하다. 셋째는 한인사회내부의 여러 세력들이 보여주는 다양한 문화계통이다. 유림파, 민권파 등은 정치문화성격으로 구분되어 나타나고 민족주의 계열, 공산주의 계열, 친일파 등은 사상문화성격으로 구분되어 나타난다. 한마디로 연변지역은 그 자체의 지역적 우세로 말미암아 주변각국과 경제문화교류를 끊임없이 진행함으로써 외래문화와 융합되어 다양한 문화우세를 형성하였다. 이는 연변지역의 경제문화발전에 중요한 작용을 하고 있다. The multi-cultural environment formation in Yanbian area is the result of fusion and co-existence of the indigenous ethnic culture and migrant culture. Yanbian has a long history, in which there is a rich and splendid cultural heritage passed down from multiple races in the north of China. In the long course of the history of Yanbian, for over 200 years, Yanbian had been designated as a forbidden area by the government of Qing dynasty. As a result, Yanbian was turned into a desolate land, and there wasn’t much trouble for migrants to get into the forbidden land and settle down. The geographical convenience can give us a better understanding as to why the number of migrants from inland areas of China is far less than the number of migrants from Korea, and the increasing population of Korean gradually turned Yanbian into a living area for ethnic Koreans. The population of Yanbian grew rapidly in recent centuries, particularly after Japan annexed Korea, Korean patriots came to the area one after another, leading a drastic increase of the population of Koreans in Yanbian and creating an immigration peak. Korean organizations in Yanbian like Ganminhoe representing its own ethnicity carried out close contact and dialogue with Qing government, and the formation of these organizations is the mark of genuine establishment of Korean societies Yanbian multicultural character stands out with the religious diversity and transnational character. Religion in Yanbian primarily consists of Christianity, Buddhism, Confucianism, Catholicism and Great Ancestral Religion. Koreans’ religious beliefs bear unique transnational character. Secondly, in ethnic Korean societies, internal influences displayed diversified cultural characters. Conventional Buddhists denomination under Buddhism, and Civil Right Denomination under New People’s Association which advocating republican system respectively established their own cultural systems, yet both denominations accomplished large amount of preparatory work in the warfare against Japanese Empire’s invasion and occupation. In Yanbian, due to multiple different races living together, the cultural environment is distinct with special characteristics. In short, with geographical advantage, and through constant economic and cultural exchange with neighboring countries, and through fusion and coexistence with migrant culture, an advantageous multicultural environment has been formed in Yanbian, such multicultural formation plays a critical role in promoting the economic and cultural development of Yanbian

Decreased Expression of FADS1 Predicts a Poor Prognosis in Patients with Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Du, Yong,Yan, Shu-Mei,Gu, Wan-Yi,He, Fan,Huang, Li-Yun,Li, Mei,Yuan, Yan,Chen, Ren-Hui,Zhong, Qian,Li, Man-Zhi,Li, Yong,Zeng, Mu-Sheng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.12

FADS1 (fatty acid desaturase 1) plays a crucial role in fatty acid metabolism, and it was recently reported to be involved in tumorigenesis. However, the role of FADS1 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown. In the current study, we investigated the expression and clinical pathologic and prognostic significance of FADS1 in ESCC. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that 58.2% (146/251) of the ESCC tissues had low levels of FADS1 expression, whereas 41.8% (105/251) exhibited high levels of FADS1 expression. In positive cases, FADS1 expression was detected in the cytoplasm of cells. Correlation analyses demonstrated that FADS1 expression was significantly correlated with tumor location (p=0.025) but not with age, gender, histological grade, tumor status, nodal status or TNM staging. Furthermore, patients with tumors expressing high levels of FADS1had a longer disease-free survival time (p<0.001) and overall survival time (p <0.001). Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that, along with nodal status, FADS1 expression was an independent and significant predictive factor (p<0.001). In conclusion, our study suggested that FADS1 might be a valuable biomarker and potential therapeutic target for ESCC.

청일전쟁전 개항장 인천을 통한 조청(朝淸)무역의 발달

이용식(LI, Yong-zhi) 인천대학교 인천학연구원 2008 인천학연구 Vol.9 No.-

With the title Development of Trade between Korea & Qing Dynasty through open port of Incheon prior to the Sino Japanese War of 1894~ 1895, the study highlights the trade situation for the period from Incheon Port Opening year 1883 through to 1893. In addition, the study also expounds on the influence to the said trade in the aspects of country relations, trade relations and treaty relations, on the weight added by Chen Shutang, Yuan Shikai who were the representatives of Qing Government stationed in Korea, elaborating the leverage of the trade development to the region of Incheon and to the society. Asian countries, before and after the port opening of Incheon, no matter what countries they were, had been indiscriminately taken as the arenas of competitions for the expansion of Western Powerhouse Countries, and taken as ports to open up for commodity trade. Among three countries of East Asia, revolving around Korea, of which port was the latest to open up, the interested relationship was most conspicuous to Qing Government and Japan. Especially, Qing Government still held lingering affection for Korea wishing it to resume “Paying Tribute and being dependency”. For this very purpose, Yuan Shikai stood in the frontline as the representative of the Government. The strengthen of relations between Qing Government and Korea was conducive to excluding Japan. Since Qing Government interfered the internal affairs of Korea, especially as businessmen from Qing Dynasty controlled the customs of open ports, people from suzerain were able to flaunt their might. Relying on the strong political back up, Qing businessmen made their economic expansion in Korea step by step. It can be divided into two phases to explain the situation of the said trade, which was through Incheon, between Korea and Qing Dynasty. The first period, five years from 1853 to 1888; the second period, five years from 1889 to 1893. With a glimpse over the specific figures from Import & Export Duties, we can see the obvious trade accomplishment between the two countries. Specifically, the trade accomplishment is apparent when looking into the fluctuate rate of the import & export items for different periods. With regard to mode of transportation and gold dust exportation, the variation is also distinguishable when the comparison is made between Qing Dynasty and Japan. For the first phase, though falling behind Japan, an appreciable improvement had been made. For the latter five years, the trade between Korea and Qing Dynasty had been even more prosperous. Incheon, the center of trade between Korea and Qing Dynasty, where businessmen from Qing Dynasty gradually took over the mercantile right and superseded Japanese businessmen. Studying the activities of Qing businessmen for this period, will help us to comprehend the beginning of the settlement history of Chinese in Korea. The trade development between Korea and Qing Dynasty had made great impact to Incheon society. The study has concluded the impact significance in five aspects, respectively, the dissolution of Natural Economy, the commercialized agricutural products, the transformation of the industrial & commercial structure, the formation of ethnic industrial & commercial industry, the establishment of urbanized modern cities. Focusing on foreign relations, such great accomplishment had been attributed to the political support and to the trade between suzerain country and dependency. As a contrast, basing on the factual trade situation, the study centers upon the development of the trade between Korean and Qing Dynasty, stressing the foundation of such accomplishment was made by Chen Shutang, whose attribution had been ignored, and by the active foreign interference imposed by Yuan Shikai. This is one of the reasons why Qing businessmen’s political influence prevailed over that of those businessmen from Japan, though it was just for a short term. Moreover, the study suggests that the groundwork of the continuous busine

Effect of Nd Substitution for Mischmetal on Magnetic Properties in (MM,Nd)-Fe-B Ribbons

Zhu-bai Li,Jing-zhao Li,Zhi-yi Xu,Yong-feng Li,Xue-feng Zhang 한국자기학회 2020 Journal of Magnetics Vol.25 No.1

Mischmetal-based permanent magnets of (MM,Nd)12Fe82B6 were prepared by melt-spinning method via varying the relative content of mischmetal and Nd. The coercivity is low, and the squareness of hysteresis loop is poor in MM12Fe82B6 ribbons. The x-ray diffraction pattern, maximum of δm value as well as the temperature dependence of magnetization indicates that the partial substitution of Nd for MM could improve the crystallinity in the mischmetal-based magnets, and both the coercivity and squareness of hysteresis loop increase with Nd substitution for mischmetal. The increase of squareness should be partially attributed to the improvement in the crystallinity of R₂Fe14B crystal phase. For more than 4 at.% Nd substitution the coercivity is not less than that in corresponding (Ce,Nd)-based magnets, and the coercivity of 7.81 kOe and the maximum energy product of 15.41 MGOe were obtained in MM8Nd₄Fe82B6 ribbons. These investigations show that it is reasonable to use the low cost mischmetal to prepare the resource-saving rare-earth magnets, and that optimizing the addition amount of Nd is necessary to improve the crystallinity and enhance the magnetic properties.