CHMP1A suppresses the growth of renal cell carcinoma cells via regulation of the PI3K/mTOR/p53 signaling pathway

Wu Youping,Wu Yueguo,Xu Cong,Sun Wei,You Zhenqiang,Wang Yin,Zhang Sheng 한국유전학회 2022 Genes & Genomics Vol.44 No.7

Background: CHMP1A, a member of the ESCRT-III complex family, has been indicated as a brand-new inhibitor gene of tumors. Our previous research has revealed that CHMP1A plays a vital role in the development and progression of renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Objective: To investigate the potential target pathway of the regulation of the tumor cell growth by CHMP1A. Methods: The effect of CHMP1A on mTOR pathway was elucidated by western blotting. The effect of CHMP1A on the expression of p53 was evaluated, and A498 cell growth was assessed by colony formation and MTT assays. The expression of p53 was knocked down by shRNA-p53, and the effect of CHMP1A on mTOR after knockdown of p53 was evaluated. The effect of CHMP1A on apoptosis and its relationship with MDM2 pathway were detected by western blotting and FCM. Finally, the relationship between the regulation of p53 by CHMP1A and the PI3K/mTOR pathway was detected. Results: This study showed that the mTOR pathway was suppressed significantly in CHMP1A-overexpressing A498 and 786-0 cells; moreover, the enhanced expression of p53 and the reduced proliferation were shown in CHMP1A-overexpressing A498 cells. Furthermore, CHMP1A was able to regulate the PI3K/PTEN/mTOR and MDM2/p53 pathways in order to suppress RCC. In addition, CHMP1A regulated Bax and Bcl-2 via MDM2/p53 to induce the apoptosis of tumor cells and upregulated the expression of p53 via the PI3K/mTOR pathway. Conclusions: The results convey that CHMP1A-related suppression of RCC is closely related to the PI3K/mTOR/p53 pathway.

A back-drivable linear force actuator for adaptive grasping

Hongliang Hua,Zhenqiang Liao,Xiaofeng Wu,YongJiang Chen,Chun Feng 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.8

Robotic gripper is a fundamental component of robot to achieve grasping operations. Grasping force control is an essential requirement for the robotic gripper to achieve adaptive grasping and safety. This paper presents a linear series elastic actuator (LSEA) for robotic grasping applications. The proposed LSEA is characterized as miniature, back-drivable, compact and modular, which could effectively reduce the integrating difficulty of the robotic gripper system. A novel blocking control strategy for actuating force control is proposed to enhance the control stability of the LSEA. Model identification experiments are performed to identify the control models for the actuating force control and self-sensing. Actuating force control experiments are then performed to verify the effectiveness of the established control models. Experimental results reveal that the LSEA could achieve stable actuating force control when interacting with the objects with variable stiffness. An underactuated finger mechanism is utilized to experimentally verify the effectiveness of the proposed LSEA in robotic grasping applications. Results reveal that the grasping adaptability and strength could be controlled by the LSEA in a feedforward approach without the requirement of fingertip force sensor.

Adaptive Gaussian Mechanism Based on Expected Data Utility under Conditional Filtering Noise

( Hai Liu ),( Zhenqiang Wu ),( Changgen Peng ),( Feng Tian ),( Laifeng Lu ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2018 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.12 No.7

Differential privacy has broadly applied to statistical analysis, and its mainly objective is to ensure the tradeoff between the utility of noise data and the privacy preserving of individual’s sensitive information. However, an individual could not achieve expected data utility under differential privacy mechanisms, since the adding noise is random. To this end, we proposed an adaptive Gaussian mechanism based on expected data utility under conditional filtering noise. Firstly, this paper made conditional filtering for Gaussian mechanism noise. Secondly, we defined the expected data utility according to the absolute value of relative error. Finally, we presented an adaptive Gaussian mechanism by combining expected data utility with conditional filtering noise. Through comparative analysis, the adaptive Gaussian mechanism satisfies differential privacy and achieves expected data utility for giving any privacy budget. Furthermore, our scheme is easy extend to engineering implementation.

Evaluating Kinetics of Enzymatic Saccharification of Lignocellulose by Fractal Kinetic Analysis

Mingjing Yao,Zhilong Wang,Zhenqiang Wu,Hanshi Qi 한국생물공학회 2011 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.16 No.6

The effects of impacting factors, including cellulase loading, operation temperature, product glucose inhibition, and high solid pretreated biomass loading were examined systemically on the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose (dilute acid pretreated corn stover) in the presence and absence of tri-block copolymer L64 (also referred to polymeric nonionic surfactant). The complex kinetics of enzymatic saccharification of cellulose were subjected to fractal kinetic analysis based on a fractal kinetic model, which is described with fractal kinetic parameters of the rate constant and fractal exponent. The results indicate that glucose inhibition including high lignocellulose loading is indexed by decreasing rate constant while lignin inhibition and high operation temperature is indexed by increasing fractal exponent. The effect of a nonionic surfactant on the enzymatic saccharification of lignocellulose mainly contributed to the elimination of lignin inhibition by decreasing the corresponding fractal exponent. However, the effect of the nonionic surfactant on cellulase activity and stability was very limited.

Optimal Selection of Agricultural Products to Inhibit Citrinin Production during Submerged Culture of Monascus anka

Xu Xiong,Xuehong Zhang,Zhenqiang Wu,Zhilong Wang 한국생물공학회 2014 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.19 No.6

Agricultural products exhibit a “buffering nature”during autoclaving and fermentation processes: i.e., thefinal pH of agricultural product medium after Monascusfermentation maintains a certain value. The protein contentof agricultural products strongly affects the bufferingcapacity and an extremely low final pH, below 3, can beachieved by the selection of agricultural products with lowprotein content, such as rice meal and cornmeal. This lowpH can be used to inhibit citrinin biosynthesis duringMonascus fermentation. Thus, optimal selection of agriculturalproducts with low protein content may provide a novelstrategy to inhibit citrinin production in submerged cultureof Monascus anka at a low initial pH for the production ofMonascus pigments. pH values ranging from 2.6 to 3 canbe maintained in Monascus fermentation using cornmeal/wheat starch (30:30 g/L) as substrate at initial pH 2.5,where the concentration of intracellular pigments reaches45 AU at 470 nm while citrinin is undetectable by TLCanalysis.

An Uncertain Graph Method Based on Node Random Response to Preserve Link Privacy of Social Networks

Jun Yan,Jiawang Chen,Yihui Zhou,Zhenqiang Wu,Laifeng Lu 한국인터넷정보학회 2024 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.18 No.1

In pace with the development of network technology at lightning speed, social networks have been extensively applied in our lives. However, as social networks retain a large number of users’ sensitive information, the openness of this information makes social networks vulnerable to attacks by malicious attackers. To preserve the link privacy of individuals in social networks, an uncertain graph method based on node random response is devised, which satisfies differential privacy while maintaining expected data utility. In this method, to achieve privacy preserving, the random response is applied on nodes to achieve edge modification on an original graph and node differential privacy is introduced to inject uncertainty on the edges. Simultaneously, to keep data utility, a divide and conquer strategy is adopted to decompose the original graph into many sub-graphs and each sub-graph is dealt with separately. In particular, only some larger sub-graphs selected by the exponent mechanism are modified, which further reduces the perturbation to the original graph. The presented method is proven to satisfy differential privacy. The performances of experiments demonstrate that this uncertain graph method can effectively provide a strict privacy guarantee and maintain data utility.

Carbon Nanotubes/MnO2 Composite Fabricated via Laser Welding and Electrodeposition as Flexible Electrode for Supercapacitors

Mingping He,Jianguang Li,Wanli Xu,Zhenqiang Dong,Yuechao Wu,Liang Lv 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.6

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were welded on the surface of thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) substrate by laser irradiation and then manganese dioxide (MnO2) was deposited on the surface of CNTs by electrochemical method to prepare CNTs/MnO2 flexible electrodes (L-CM). The microstructure and morphology of CNTs/MnO2 composites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that CNTs were welded on the surface of the substrate, adhering to each other to form a porous network structure. In addition, there were distinct small protrusions on the surface of CNTs, indicating that MnO2 had been successfully deposited on the surface of CNTs. Cyclic voltammogram (CV), galvanostatic charge/discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) techniques were employed to investigate the electrochemical performance of the composites. Compared with CNTs/MnO2 composite prepared via compaction (denoted as C-CM), L-CM composite prepared under the laser power of 0.75W (denoted as L-CM75) showed a larger capacitance of 214.6 F g-1 at the current density of 0.5 A g-1 and displayed excellent bendability, demonstrating capacitance retention of approximately 89.6% after 1000 bending cycles. The excellent performance of L-CM75 may be attributed to the fact that the CNTs welded on the substrate have formed an effective conductive network whose porous structure can facilitate easy access of electrolytes to the electrode, which results in enhancement of the electrochemical performance of L-CM75.

Preparative separation of minor saponins from Panax notoginseng leaves using biotransformation, macroporous resins, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography

Liu, Fang,Ma, Ni,Xia, Fang-Bo,Li, Peng,He, Chengwei,Wu, Zhenqiang,Wan, Jian-Bo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Ginsenosides with less sugar moieties may exhibit the better adsorptive capacity and more pharmacological activities. Methods: An efficient method for the separation of four minor saponins, including gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, from Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) was established using biotransformation, macroporous resins, and subsequent preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The dried PNL powder was immersed in the distilled water at $50^{\circ}C$ for 30 min for converting the major saponins, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rb3, to minor saponins, gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, respectively, by the enzymes present in PNL. The adsorption characteristics of these minor saponins on five types of macroporous resins, D-101, DA-201, DM-301, X-5, and S-8, were evaluated and compared. Among them, D-101 was selected due to the best adsorption and desorption properties. Under the optimized conditions, the fraction containing the four target saponins was separated by D-101 resin. Subsequently, the target minor saponins were individually separated and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography with a reversed-phase column. Conclusion: Our study provides a simple and efficient method for the preparation of these four minor saponins from PNL, which will be potential for industrial applications.

Bioethanol from Fermentation of Cassava Pulp in a Fibrous-bed Bioreactor Using Immobilized Δldh, a Genetically Engineered Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense

You-Hua Cai,Ze-Xin Liang,Shuang Li,Ming-Jun Zhu,Zhenqiang Wu,Shang-Tian Yang,Ju-Fang Wang 한국생물공학회 2012 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.17 No.6

There is an increasing worldwide interest in bioethanol production from agricultural, industrial, and urban residues for both ecological and economic reasons. The acid hydrolysis of cassava pulp to reducing sugars and their fermentation to ethanol were evaluated in a fibrousbed bioreactor with immobilized Δldh, a genetically engineered Thermoanaerobacterium aotearoense. A maximum yield of total reducing sugars of 53.5% was obtained after 8 h of hydrolysis at 85oC in 0.4 mol/L hydrochloric acid with a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:20, which was optimized by using an orthogonal design based on preliminary experiments. In the FBB, the fed-batch fermentation, using glucose as the sole carbon source, gave a maximum ethanol production of 38.3 g/L with a yield of 0.364 g/g in 100 h; whereas the fed-batch fermentation, using xylose as the sole carbon source, gave 34.1 g/L ethanol with a yield of 0.342 g/g in 135 h. When cassava pulp hydrolysate was used as a carbon source, 39.1 g/L ethanol with a yield of 0.123 g/g cassava pulp in185 h was observed, using the fed-batch fermentation model. In addition, for repeated batch fermentation of cassava pulp hydrolysate carried out in the fibrous-bed bioreactor, long-term operation with high ethanol yield and volumetric productivity were achieved. The above results show that the acid hydrolysate of cassava pulp can be used for ethanol production in a fibrous-bed bioreactor, although some inhibition phenomena were observed during the process of fermentation.

Preparative separation of minor saponins from Panax notoginseng leaves using biotransformation, macroporous resins, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography

Fang Liu,Ni Ma,Fang-Bo Xia,Peng Li,Chengwei He,Zhenqiang Wu,Jian-Bo Wan 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.1

Background: Ginsenosides with less sugar moieties may exhibit the better adsorptive capacity and more pharmacological activities. Methods: An efficient method for the separation of four minor saponins, including gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, from Panax notoginseng leaves (PNL) was established using biotransformation, macroporous resins, and subsequent preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: The dried PNL powder was immersed in the distilled water at 50C for 30 min for converting the major saponins, ginsenosides Rb1, Rc, Rb2, and Rb3, to minor saponins, gypenoside XVII, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Rd2, and notoginsenoside Fd, respectively, by the enzymes present in PNL. The adsorption characteristics of these minor saponins on five types of macroporous resins, D-101, DA-201, DM-301, X-5, and S-8, were evaluated and compared. Among them, D-101 was selected due to the best adsorption and desorption properties. Under the optimized conditions, the fraction containing the four target saponins was separated by D-101 resin. Subsequently, the target minor saponins were individually separated and purified by preparative high-performance liquid chromatography with a reversed-phase column. Conclusion: Our study provides a simple and efficient method for the preparation of these four minor saponins from PNL, which will be potential for industrial applications.