Serotype-Independent Protection against Pneumococcal Infections Elicited by Intranasal Immunization with Ethanol-Killed Pneumococcal Strain, SPY1

XiuYu Xu,Qun Zhang,Jiangping Meng,Yiping Wang,Jie Zheng,Kaifeng Wu,Xuemei Zhang,Yibing Yin 한국미생물학회 2014 The journal of microbiology Vol.52 No.4

The 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine and the 7-valent pneumococcalconjugate vaccine are licensed vaccines that protectagainst pneumococcal infections worldwide. However,the incidence of pneumococcal diseases remains high in lowincomecountries. Whole-cell vaccines with high safety andstrong immunogenicity may be a favorable choice. We previouslyobtained a capsule-deficient Streptococcus pneumoniaemutant named SPY1 derived from strain D39. As anattenuated live pneumococcal vaccine, intranasal immunizationwith SPY1 elicits broad serotype-independent protectionagainst pneumococcal infection. In this study, forsafety consideration, we inactivated SPY1 with 70% ethanoland intranasally immunized BALB/c mice with killed SPY1plus cholera toxin adjuvant for four times. Results showedthat intranasal immunization with inactivated SPY1 inducedstrong humoral and cellular immune responses. Intranasalimmunization with inactivated SPY1 plus cholera toxin adjuvantelicited effective serotype-independent protection againstthe colonization of pneumococcal strains 19F and 4 as well aslethal infection of pneumococcal serotypes 2, 3, 14, and 6B. The protection rates provided by inactivated SPY1 againstlethal pneumococcal infection were comparable to those ofcurrently used polysaccharide vaccines. In addition, vaccinespecificB-cell and T-cell immune responses mediated theprotection elicited by SPY1. In conclusion, the 70% ethanolinactivatedpneumococcal whole-cell vaccine SPY1 is a potentiallysafe and less complex vaccine strategy that offersbroad protection against S. pneumoniae.

Modeling and Vibration Control of a Coupled FloatingWind Turbine System

Shuang Zhang,Hui Qin,Xiuyu He,Wei He 제어로봇시스템학회 2015 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.10

This paper presents the dynamic modeling and vibration control design of a floating wind turbine system. Two flexible mooring lines attached to a flexible wind turbine tower (taut-moored floating spar) are used to represent the dynamics of system. The wind turbine tower is modeled as an Euler-Bernoulli beam, and the mooring lines are modeled as two strings. The control laws are designed to suppress vibrations of both wind turbine tower and the mooring lines. Based on the construction of a physically motivated Lyapunov function, the bounded stability is proved with the proposed control. Numerical examples illustrate the performance of the control system.

양계초(梁啟超)의 근대조선에 대한 인식 약론

강수옥(Jiang Xiuyu),장희월(Zhang Xiyue) 효원사학회 2019 역사와 세계 Vol.- No.56

19세기 중후기는 동아시아 3국 즉 중국, 일본, 조선이 보수적인 사회에서 근대로 전환하는 관건적인 시기였다. 의식형태 영역의 신(新), 구(舊) 교체과정 중에서 양계초는 국제발전 패턴에 관심을 갖는 정론가(政論家)로서 조선의 국정에 대하여 관심을 갖고 있었으며 1896년부터 1911년까지 조선에 관한 문장들을 여러 편 발표하였다. 본 논문에서는 조선에 관련된 양계초의 논저(論著)들을 기초로, 연대별로 나누어 양계초의 근대조선에 대한 인식의 표면적인 현상으로부터 본질로 들어가는 변화과정 및 조선 문제 관심의 본질에 대하여 검토하려 한다. Since the mid-19th century,China,Japan and Korea have been in a critical period of transition from tradition to modern. In the ideological sphere,it showed transition from the old to the new situation.As a famous political critic,Liang Qichao had always focused on international development, especially had paid attention on the situation of Korea. From 1896 to 1911, he published many articles about Korea. On the basis of deeply reading Liang Qichao’s articles,this paper discuss the evolution of Liang Qichao’s understanding of Modern Korea and the essence of his view of Korea.

Evaluation of Six Phenotypic Methods for the Detection of Carbapenemases in Gram-Negative Bacteria With Characterized Resistance Mechanisms

Kunling Sun,XiuYu Xu,Jinrong Yan,Liping Zhang 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.4

Background: We compared the performance of the modified Hodge test (MHT), Triton Hodge test (THT), Carba NP test (CNPt), simplified Carba NP test (CNPt-direct), blue-Carba NP test (BCT), and carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) for rapid and accurate carbapenemase detection. Methods: The methods were evaluated by using 256 gram-negative isolates, including 197 Enterobacteriaceae (79 Enterobacter spp., 74 Klebsiella spp., 33 Escherichia coli, 10 Citrobacter spp., and 1 Serratia marcescens), 51 Acinetobacter baumannii, and 8 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The collection included 117 non-carbapenemase, 18 Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemases (KPC) producers, 46 New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases (NDM) producers, 11 imipenemases (IMP) producers, and 51 oxacillinases (OXA) producers, and 13 strains harboring two different carbapenemase genes. Results: The specificity of the THT (91.5%) was significantly lower than other methods, each of which had 100% specificity (P<0.003). This can be attributed to the false detection of Ampler class C β-lactamases (AmpC) carriers. The CNPt-direct and CIM yielded the highest sensitivities (P<0.003), which were comparable (92.8% vs 93.5%, P>0.999). Because of improved detection of NDM carriers, THT showed significantly higher sensitivity than the MHT (84.9% vs 75.5%, P<0.001). However, poor performances in detecting OXA still influenced the sensitivities of the CNPt (66.2%) and BCT (82.0%), as well as the MHT and THT. Conclusions: CNPt-direct and CIM demonstrated the best performance for the efficient detection of carbapenemase among the six evaluated methods. Except the MHT and THT, the detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae by all the other methods was acceptable, when the OXA-type carbapenemase was not prevalent.

20세기 초 요녕지구 조선인들의 양상 - 인구 변화, 지리 분포 및 경제생활을 중심으로 -

강수옥(Jiang Xiuyu),장고열(Zhang Guyue) 계명대학교 한국학연구원 2021 한국학논집 Vol.- No.83

Pharmacopuncture for Cancer Care: A Systematic Review

Cheon, Soyeon,Zhang, Xiuyu,Lee, In-Seon,Cho, Seung-Hun,Chae, Younbyoung,Lee, Hyangsook Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2014 No.-

<P><I>Background</I>. Pharmacopuncture, injection to acupoints with pharmacological medication or herbal medicine, is a new acupuncture therapy widely available in Korea and China for cancer-related symptoms. However, the evidence is yet to be clear. <I>Objective</I>. To determine pharmacopuncture's effectiveness on cancer-related symptoms. <I>Methods</I>. Eleven databases were searched for randomized controlled trials of pharmacopuncture in cancer patients. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB) assessment tool was used for quality assessment. <I>Results</I>. Twenty-two studies involving 2,459 patients were included. Five trials of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) underwent meta-analysis. Pharmacopuncture significantly relieved severity of CINV compared with control group (3 trials, risk ratio (RR) 1.28, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.14–1.44). The frequency of CINV was also significantly reduced with pharmacopuncture (2 trials, RR 2.47, 95% CI = 2.12–2.89). Seventeen trials studied various symptoms, and in most studies, pharmacopuncture significantly relieved pain, ileus, hiccup, fever, and gastrointestinal symptoms and improved quality of life in various cancer patients. ROB was generally high. <I>Conclusion</I>. It may be suggested with caution that pharmacopuncture may help various symptom relief in cancer patients, but it is hard to draw a firm conclusion due to clinical heterogeneity and high ROB of the included studies, hence warranting further investigation.</P>

Adaptive Event-triggered Cooperative Tracking Control Under Full-state Constraints Based on Nonlinear Time-varying Multi-agent Systems

Lingfang Sun,Yida Zang,Xiuyu Zhang,Guoqiang Zhu,Cheng Zhong,Chenliang Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2024 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.22 No.3

An adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) scheme using event triggering mechanism and barrier Lyapunov function (BLF) to constraint state variables and solve energy saving issues is proposed for multi-agent systems (MASs). Furthermore, invented a control algorithm that uses the event-triggered mechanism for not only decrease the number of information exchanges between agents significantly but also decreased utilization of electricityand communication expenses in the control process. DSC and full-state constraints are used to solve the “complexityexplosion” problem of the traditional back-stepping method. Simulation and semi-physical experimental platformswere constructed to verify the proposed algorithm is valid.

Adjunctive herbal medicine therapy for inflammatory bowel disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kim, Seoyeon,Lee, Byung-Hee,Zhang, Xiuyu,Park, Jae-Woo,Lee, Sle,Lee, Hyangsook Elsevier 2017 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE Vol.12 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Introduction</B></P> <P>We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the evidence for herbal medicine for inducing or maintaining remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>Eight databases were searched up to January 2017 for randomised controlled trials of herbal medicine as an adjunct to conventional medication in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Data were extracted to obtain risk ratio (RR) of failure of inducing or maintaining remission, with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane criteria.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Twenty-nine RCTs (24 UC, 5 CD) were included. In UC, herbal medicine was superior to placebo for clinical remission (RR of remission failure=0.74, 95% CI: 0.59–0.93; I<SUP>2</SUP> =62%) and maintaining remission (RR of failure to maintain remission=0.34, 95% CI: 0.17–0.67; I<SUP>2</SUP> =0%). Traditional Chinese patent medicine with standard therapy reduced the risk of no comprehensive remission by 19% compared to standard therapy alone (RR of no remission=0.81, 95% CI: 0.70–0.95; I<SUP>2</SUP> =0%). In CD, however, the effect of herbal medicine was significant neither for inducing nor maintaining remission (RR of remission failure=0.57, 95% CI: 0.24–1.33; I<SUP>2</SUP> =87%; RR of failure to maintain remission=0.95, 95% CI: 0.60–1.52). Few serious adverse events were reported.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>An adjunctive herbal medicine compared to standard therapy appears effective with few adverse events in achieving and maintaining remission in UC, while there is a lack of supporting evidence for CD. Future high quality trials are warranted.</P>

Acupoint Herbal Patching for Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Lee, Sun Haeng,Chang, Gyu Tae,Zhang, Xiuyu,Lee, Hyangsook Wolters Kluwer Health 2016 Medicine Vol.95 No.2

<▼1><P>Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text</P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Acupoint herbal patching (AHP), which involves local point stimulation with a herbal medicine patch, has long been used to treat patients with asthma in East Asian countries. However, its evidence is equivocal. This systematic review aims to summarize and critically evaluate the efficacy and safety of AHP for asthma.</P><P>A literature search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane library, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure for studies published on or before April 2014, which were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining AHP therapy by itself or in combination with other treatments in asthma patients. Trials needed to report pulmonary function outcomes to be included in analyses. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool. For statistical pooling, risk ratio, mean difference (MD), or standardized MD was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in a random-effects model.</P><P>We ultimately included 16 RCTs with 1287 asthmatic patients in analyses. Treatment with AHP improved forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) by 13% (MD = 12.99%, 95% CI 5.17%–20.81%) and asthmatic symptoms by 60% (risk ratio of unchanged or getting worse symptoms with AHP = 0.4, 95% CI 0.27–0.58) over that observed with placebo. However, evidence is limited due to the heterogeneity and paucity of data. When added to conventional therapies, AHP significantly improved the FEV1/forced vital capacity ratio by 11.6% (95% CI 8.49%–14.79%) and reduced the risk of asthmatic symptoms by 69% (95% CI 0.16–0.58). Compared with conventional medication, AHP significantly improved FEV1 (standardized MD = 0.46, 95% CI 0.05–0.87), but a substantial heterogeneity was detected (<I>I</I><SUP>2</SUP> = 53%). When added to Chinese herbal medicine, there were no additional benefits of AHP on pulmonary function or global symptom improvement. No serious adverse events were associated with AHP.</P><P>Evidence for AHP efficacy is encouraging, but not conclusive, because of clinical diversity and the high risk of bias in the examined studies. Further clinical and basic research is needed to determine the role of AHP in lung function and symptom improvement in patients with asthma.</P></▼2>

Retrospective Electrocardiography-Gated Real-Time Cardiac Cine MRI at 3T: Comparison with Conventional Segmented Cine MRI

Chen Cui,Gang Yin,Minjie Lu,Xiuyu Chen,Sainan Cheng,Lu Li,Weipeng Yan,Yanyan Song,Sanjay Prasad,Yan Zhang,Shihua Zhao 대한영상의학회 2019 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.20 No.1

Objective: Segmented cardiac cine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for cardiac ventricular volumetric assessment. In patients with difficulty in breath-holding or arrhythmia, this technique may generate images with inadequate quality for diagnosis. Real-time cardiac cine MRI has been developed to address this limitation. We aimed to assess the performance of retrospective electrocardiography-gated real-time cine MRI at 3T for left ventricular (LV) volume and mass measurement. Materials and Methods: Fifty-one patients were consecutively enrolled. A series of short-axis cine images covering the entire left ventricle using both segmented and real-time balanced steady-state free precession cardiac cine MRI were obtained. End-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), stroke volume (SV), ejection fraction (EF), and LV mass were measured. The agreement and correlation of the parameters were assessed. Additionally, image quality was evaluated using European CMR Registry (Euro-CMR) score and structure visibility rating. Results: In patients without difficulty in breath-holding or arrhythmia, no significant difference was found in Euro-CMR score between the two techniques (0.3 ± 0.7 vs. 0.3 ± 0.5, p > 0.05). Good agreements and correlations were found between the techniques for measuring EDV, ESV, EF, SV, and LV mass. In patients with difficulty in breath-holding or arrhythmia, segmented cine MRI had a significant higher Euro-CMR score (2.3 ± 1.2 vs. 0.4 ± 0.5, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Real-time cine MRI at 3T allowed the assessment of LV volume with high accuracy and showed a significantly better image quality compared to that of segmented cine MRI in patients with difficulty in breath-holding and arrhythmia.