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Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Primary Gallbladder Carcinoma: Estrogen Receptors
Zhang, Ling-Qiang,Zhang, Xiu-De,Xu, Jia,Wan, Yong,Qu, Kai,Zhang, Jing-Yao,Wang, Zhi-Xin,Wei, Ji-Chao,Meng, Fan-Di,Tai, Ming-Hui,Zhou, Lei,Liu, Chang Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Gallbladder carcinoma, the most frequent malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract system, has always been considered to feature late clinical presentation and diagnosis, limited treatment options and an extremely poor prognosis. In recent years, while the incidence of gallbladder cancer has appeared to be on the increase, the available treatment methods have not greatly improved survival of the affected patients. Thus, exploring new therapeutic targets for this devastating disease is an urgent matter at present. Epidemical studies have demonstrated that the incidence of gallbladder carcinoma exhibits a distinct gender bias, affecting females two to three times more than males, pointing to crucial roles of estrogen. It is well known that estrogen acts on target tissues by binding to estrogen receptors (ERs), which are mainly divided into three subtypes, $ER{\alpha}$, $ER{\beta}$ and $ER{\gamma}$. $ER{\alpha}$ and $ER{\beta}$ appear to have overlapping but also unique even opposite biological effects. As important pathogenic mediators, ERs have been considered to relate to several kinds of tumors. In gallbladder carcinoma tissue, ERs have been shown to be positively expressed, and ERs expression levels are associated with differentiation and prognosis of this cancer. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of estrogen inducing growth of gallbladder carcinoma remain poorly understood. On the base of the current investigations, we deduce that estrogen participates in promotion of gallbladder carcinoma by influencing the formation of gallstones, stimulating angiogenesis, and promoting abnormal proliferation. Since ERs mediate the carcinogenic actions of estrogen in gallbladder, and therapy targeting ERs may provide new directions for gallbladder carcinoma. Therefore, it should be stressed that ERs are potential therapeutic targets for gallbladder carcinoma.
Risk Factors for Cervical Cancer in Rural Areas of Wuhan China: a Matched Case-control Study
Zhang, Bin,Zhou, Ai-Fen,Zhu, Chang-Cai,Zhang, Ling,Xiang, Bing,Chen, Zhong,Hu, Rong-Hua,Zhang, Ya-Qi,Qiu, Lin,Zhang, Yi-Ming,Xiong, Chao-Du,Du, Yu-Kai,Shi, Yu-Qin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12
Cervical cancer is a serious public health problem in developing countries. We investigated possible risk factors for cervical cancer in rural areas of Wuhan China using a matched case-control study with 33 women diagnosed with cervical cancer and 132 healthy women selected from the same area as matched controls. A questionnaire, which included questions about general demography conditions, environmental and genetic factors, the first sexual intercourse, first marriage age, age at first pregnancy, pregnancy first child's age, female personal health history, social psychological factors, dietary habits, smoking and alcohol status and other living habits was presented to all participants. At the same time, HPV infection of every participant was examined in laboratory testing. Results showed HPV infection (P<0.000, OR=23.4) and pregnancy first child's age (P<0.000, OR=13.1) to be risk factors for cervical cancer. Menopause (P=0.003, OR=0.073) was a protective factor against cervical cancer. However, there was no indication of associations of environmental (drinking water, insecticide, disinfectant) genetic (cancer family history), or life-style factors (smoking status, alcohol status, physical training, sleep quality), including dietary habits (intake of fruit and vegetable, meat, fried food, bean products and pickled food) or social psychological factors with cervical cancer. The results suggest that the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese rural women may be associated with HPV infection, menopause and the pregnancy first child's age.
Kai Li,Wei-Bin Zhang,Zhi-Yun Zhao,Yue Zhao,Xi-Wen Chen,Ling-Bin Kong 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.08
Hierarchically porous carbons are obtained by a facile process of carbonizing the precursor of diblock copolymer xPS-b-polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). In the diblock copolymer, there is a carbon source of cross-linked polystyrene (xPS) and a sacrificial block of PMMA. The atom transfer radical polymerization was used to synthesize the diblock copolymer with controlled molecular weight and narrow polydispersity in dimethylformamide at 120 ℃. The obtained hierarchically porous carbons (HPCs) exhibit remarkable electrochemical properties, such as higher specific capacitance of 204 Fg -1 at the current density of 0.5Ag -1 in 6 mol L -1 aqueous KOH electrolyte. In addition, it also presents an excellent rate performance of 64% capacitance retention as the current density increases to 10Ag -1 and a superior cycling stability of 98% capacitance retention after 5000 cycles at the current density of 1Ag -1.
Zhang, Jia,Chen, Lin-Ling,Guo, Zi-Fen,Peng, Cui-Ying,Liao, Duan-Fang,Li, Kai Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2003 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.36 No.6
The potential physiological role and technological application of the premature termination of DNA polymerization through the off-switch of exo+ polymerases were studied using 3' phosphorothioate-modified or unmodified primers with single base mismatch distal to the 3' terminus. With exonuclease-digestible unmodified primers, a gradient premature termination of DNA polymerization was observed when amplified with exo+ polymerases. With 3' allele specific phosphorothioate-modified primers, an efficient off-switch effect occurred in the discrimination of a single nucleotide polymorphism when directly using genomic DNA. Clearly, the off-switch of exo+ polymerases is useful in biomedical research.
Chinese Pediatric Reference Intervals for Serum Cortisol on IMMULITE 2000
Ling-Li Wang,Li-Yue Zhang,Hui-Yan Wang,Huai-Kai Wen,Hong-Qun Tao,Xiao-wei Zhao 대한진단검사의학회 2018 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.38 No.1
Clinical interpretation of the test results for cortisol based on continuous reference intervals with appropriate partitions improves pediatric diagnosis; however, these values are available only for Caucasians. To develop the pediatric reference intervals for Chinese population, we examined the serum cortisol levels in 1,143 healthy Chinese children aged 4–18 years (566 boys and 577 girls), using an IMMULITE 2000 Immunoassay System (Siemens Healthcare GmbH). Phlebotomy was performed at 7–9 a.m. for 284 boys and 287 girls and at 1–3 p.m. for the others. They were divided into four age groups according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guideline EP28-A3c, with the last group further stratified according to sampling time. Separate reference intervals of 49.6–323.7, 70.9–395.3, and 90.1–448.7 nmol/L were established for children aged 4–8, 9–12, and 13–15 years, respectively. Further, reference intervals of 118.2–464.7 and 71.4–446.7 nmol/L were established for morning and afternoon cortisol levels, respectively, in children aged 16–18 years. Further studies are necessary to transfer and validate these reference intervals in other analytical systems and pediatric populations, and to allow for broader applications.
Three new sesquiterpene lactones from Inula britannica
Xufeng Zhang,Jing-Ling Du,Jie Ren,Feng-Mei Ye,Yang-Guo Xie,Xiangrong Cheng,Shi Kai Yan,Huizi Jin 대한약학회 2015 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.38 No.5
One new 1,10-secoeudesmanolide (1), twoeudesmanolides (2 and 3), together with nine knowncompounds (4–12) were isolated from the aerial parts ofInula britannica. The structures of the new compoundswere elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis,including HRESIMS and 2D-NMR spectroscopic method. In addition, compounds 1–4 were tested for their inhibitoryeffects against LPS-induced NO production in RAW264.7macrophages.
Single-base Discrimination Mediated by Proofreading Inert Allele Specific Primers
( Lin Ling Chen ),( Zhang Jia ),( Steve S. Sommer ),( Li Kai ) 생화학분자생물학회 2005 BMB Reports Vol.38 No.1
The role of 3` exonuclease excision in DNA polymerization was evaluated for primer extension using inert allele specific primers with exonuclease-digestible ddNMP at their 3` termini. Efficient primer extension was observed in amplicons where the inert allele specific primers and their corresponding templates were mismatched. However, no primer-extended products were yielded by matched amplicons with inert primers. As a control, polymerase without proofreading activity failed to yield primer-extended products from inert primers regardless of whether the primers and templates were matched or mismatched. These data indicated that activation was undertaken for the inert allele specific primers through mismatch proofreading. Complementary to our previously developed SNP-operated on/off switch, in which DNA polymerization only occurs in matched amplicon, this new mutation detection assay mediated by exo+ DNA polymerases has immediate applications in SNP analysis independently or in combination of the two assays.
( Jia Zhang ),( Lin Ling Chen ),( Zi Fen Guo ),( Cui Ying Peng ),( Duan Fang Liao ),( Kai Li ) 생화학분자생물학회 2003 BMB Reports Vol.36 No.6
The potential physiological role and technological application of the premature termination of DNA polymerization through the off-switch of exo+ polymerases were studied using 3` phosphorothioate-modified or unmodified primers with single base mismatch distal to the 3` terminus. With exonuclease-digestible unmodified primers, a gradient premature termination of DNA polymerization was observed when amplified with exo+ polymerases. With 3` allele specific phosphorothioate-modified primers, an efficient off-switch effect occurred in the discrimination of a single nucleotide polymorphism when directly using genomic DNA. Clearly, the off-switch of exo+polymerases is useful in biomedical research.
Single-base Discrimination Mediated by Proofreading Inert Allele Specific Primers
Lin-Ling, Chen,Zhang, Jia,Sommer, Steve S.,Li, Kai Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2005 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.38 No.1
The role of 3' exonuclease excision in DNA polymerization was evaluated for primer extension using inert allele specific primers with exonuclease-digestible ddNMP at their 3' termini. Efficient primer extension was observed in amplicons where the inert allele specific primers and their corresponding templates were mismatched. However, no primer-extended products were yielded by matched amplicons with inert primers. As a control, polymerase without proofreading activity failed to yield primer extended products from inert primers regardless of whether the primers and templates were matched or mismatched. These data indicated that activation was undertaken for the inert allele specific primers through mismatch proofreading. Complementary to our previously developed SNP-operated on/off switch, in which DNA polymerization only occurs in matched amplicon, this new mutation detection assay mediated by $exo^+$ DNA polymerases has immediate applications in SNP analysis independently or in combination of the two assays.