Relationship between Social Anxiety Disorder and Halitosis

Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Kayoko Shinada,Clive Wright,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2011 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.7 No.1

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of social anxiety disorder in halitosis patients. Methods: The 472 halitosis patients were divided into genuine halitosis and pseudohalitosis groups based upon an organoleptic test. The Japanese version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), was used to evaluate the clinical impact of social anxiety disorder in the patients. Results: More than half of subjects had a score of 30 or more on the LSAS, indicating a high risk of social anxiety disorder; and more than 20% of subjects had a score of 60 or more on the LSAS, indicating a high risk of eneralized social anxiety disorder. Pseudohalitosis patients had significantly higher “performance scores” compared to genuine halitosis patients. However, there was no significant difference in “social interaction scores” between those with genuine halitosis and pseudohalitosis. Conclusion: Halitosis patients have a high risk of social anxiety disorder, especially pseudohalitosis patients. Our results suggest that the LSAS could be a valuable screening tool for assessing social anxiety in halitosis patients.

Relationship between Social Anziety Disorder and Halitosis

Takashi Zaitsu 대한임상예방치과학회 2011 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.7 No.1

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the nature of social anxiety disorder in halitosis patients. Methods: The 472 halitosis patients were divided into genuine halitosis and pseudohalitosis groups based upon an organoleptic test. The Japanese version of the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), was used to evaluate the clinical impact of social anxiety disorder in the patients. Results: More than half of subjects had a score of 30 or more on the LSAS, indicating a high risk of social anxiety disorder; and more than 20% of subjects had a score of 60 or more on the LSAS, indicating a high risk of generalized social anxiety disorder. Pseudohalitosis patients had significantly higher “performance scores” compared to genuine halitosis patients. However, there was no significant difference in “social interaction scores” between those with genuine halitosis and pseudohalitosis. Conclusion: Halitosis patients have a high risk of social anxiety disorder, especially pseudohalitosis patients. Our results suggest that the LSAS could be a valuable screening tool for assessing social anxiety in halitosis patients.

Exploring the “Inner Landscapes”: the Kaitai shinsho (1774) and Its Prehistory

Wolfgang Michel-Zaitsu 연세대학교 의학사연구소 2018 연세의사학 Vol.21 No.2

Previous research on the translation of Johan Adam Kulmus’ “Anatomic Tables” and the publication of the “New Book of Anatomy” (Kaitai shinsho) tends to focus on the individual genius and farsightedness of the physicians involved and the obstacles they encountered. This study sheds light on the historical background. It gives an outline of the indigenous developments, foreign influences, and various medical and nonmedical interactions in 17th- and early 18th-century Japan that led to a new view of the human body, anatomical dissections, and eventually the translation of European anatomy books.

Oral Malodor and Related Factors among Vietnamese Dental Patients

Thuy AV Pham,Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Kayoko Shinada,Khanh D Ngo,Phuong H Lam,FA Clive Wright,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2010 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.6 No.2

Objectives: The aims of this study were to examine the oral malodor status, and relationship of oral malodor to socio-demographic factors, dental health behavioral characteristics and dental conditions in Vietnamese dental patients. Materials and Methods: The subjects were 243 patients aged 30 to 60 years who visited the National Hospital of Odonto-Stomatology in Hochiminh City. Oral malodor was measured by the organoleptic method and using Oral ChromaTM. The socio-demographic and dental health behavioral characteristics were investigated by a questionnaire. Oral examination including dental and periodontal conditions, oral hygiene status, and saliva were examined. Results: Prevalence of oral malodor diagnosed by the organoleptic method was 69.2%. The risk factors related to oral malodor were level of education (OR=3.18), dental visit behavior (OR=4.97), deep pockets (OR=5.35), gingival bleeding (OR=3.37), thickness of tongue coating (OR=4.44), salivary flow rate (OR=4.80) and pH of saliva (OR=3.93). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of oral malodor, which was associated with oral and behavioral factors in Vietnamese dental patients. The effective treatment of periodontal disease, improvement of oral hygiene condition and appropriate oral health education are all important to ameliorate oral malodor and improve oral health.

The Relationship of Salivary Viscosity with Halitosis

Sachiko Komori,Takashi Zaitsu,Sachiko Takehara,Masayuki Ueno,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2016 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.12 No.1

Objective: The purpose of this research was to examine the relationship of salivary viscosity with halitosis. Methods: Subjects were 224 patients who visited a halitosis clinic. Instrumental measurements (Gas chromatography and Sulfide monitor) and the organoleptic assessment were used for the detection of halitosis. An oral health examination assessed the number of teeth present and decayed teeth, periodontal pocket depth and gingival bleeding, plaque index and tongue coating. Un-stimulated whole saliva was collected for 5 minutes. Salivary viscosity was measured using a cone-and-plate digital viscometer. The independent t-test and chi-square test were conducted to compare the means and distributional differences by malodor status. Logistic regression analysis was performed with malodor status as the dependent variable. Gender, age and oral health status were used as independent variables. Results: Chi-square tests demonstrated significant associations between salivary viscosity and H2S≥1.5, CH3SH≥0.5, (CH3)2S≥0.4, BreathtronⓇ≥251, and organoleptic score≥2.0 (p<0.05). Salivary viscosity (p<0.05) and the tongue coating (p<0.05) were significant variables in all malodor measurements (concentrations of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S, total volatile sulfur compounds [VSCs], and the organoleptic score). Compared to subjects with low salivary viscosity, those with high salivary viscosity were significantly more likely to have malodor (odds ratio: ranging from 2.32 to 7.51). Conclusion: This study indicated that salivary viscosity as well as tongue coating were significant risk factors for halitosis measured by concentrations of H2S, CH3SH, (CH3)2S, total VSCs, and the organoleptic score.

Investigation of the Cause of Readmission to the Intensive Care Unit for Patients with Lung Edema or Atelectasis

Yoshinori Matsuoka,Akinori Zaitsu,Makoto Hashizume 연세대학교의과대학 2008 Yonsei medical journal Vol.49 No.3

Purpose: For patients with acute respiratory failure due to lung edema or atelectasis, Surplus lung water that is not removed during an initial stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) may be related to early ICU readmission. Therefore, we performed a retrospective study of patient management during the first ICU stay for such patients. Materials and Methods: Of 1,835 patients who were admitted to the ICU in the 36 months from January, 2003 to December, 2005, 141 were patients readmitted, and the reason for readmission was lung edema or atelectasis in 21 patients. For these 21 patients, correlations were investigated between body weight gain at the time of initial ICU discharge (weight upon discharge from the ICU ÷ weight when entering the ICU) and the time to ICU readmission, between body weight gain and the P/F ratio at ICU readmission, between the R/E ratio (the period using a respirator (R) ÷ the length of the ICU stay after extubation (E)) and the time to ICU readmission, between the R/E ratio and body weight gain, and between body weight gain until extubation and the time to extubation. Results: A negative linear relationship was found between body weight gain at the time of initial ICU discharge and the time to ICU readmission, and between body weight gain at the time of ICU discharge and the P/F ratio at ICU readmission. If body weight had increased by more than 10% at ICU discharge or the P/F ratio was below 150, readmission to the ICU within three days was likely. Patients with a large R/E ratio, a large body weight gain, and a worsening P/F ratio immediately after ICU discharge were likely to be readmitted soon to the ICU. Loss of body weight during the period of respirator support led to early extubation, since a positive correlation was found between the time to extubation and body weight gain. Conclusion: Fluid management failure during the first ICU stay might cause ICU readmission for patients who had lung edema or atelectasis. Therefore, a key to the prevention of ICU readmission is to ensure complete recovery from lung failure before the initial ICU discharge. Strict water management is crucial based on body weight measurement and removal of excess lung water is essential. In addition, an apparent improvement in respiratory state may be due to respiratory support, and such an improvement should be viewed cautiously. Loss of weight at the refilling stage of transfusion prevents ICU readmission and may decrease the length of the ICU stay.

Cancer Incidence by Occupation in Korea: Longitudinal Analysis of a Nationwide Cohort

Lee, Hye-Eun,Zaitsu, Masayoshi,Kim, Eun-A,Kawachi, Ichiro Occupational Safety and Health Research Institute 2020 Safety and health at work Vol.11 No.1

Background: We performed this study to investigate the inequalities in site-specific cancer incidences among workers across different occupations in Korea. Methods: Subjects included members of the national employment insurance. Incident cancers among 8,744,603 workers were followed from 1995 to 2007. Occupational groups were classified according to the Korean Standard Occupational Classification. Age-standardized incidence rate ratios were calculated. Results: We found that men in service/sales and blue-collar occupations had elevated rates of esophageal, liver, laryngeal, and lung cancer. Among women, service/sales workers had elevated incidences of cervical cancer. Male prostate cancer, female breast, corpus uteri, and ovarian cancers, as well as male and female colorectal, kidney, and thyroid cancer showed lower incidences among workers in lower socioeconomic occupations. Conclusions: Substantial differences in cancer incidences were found depending on occupation reflecting socioeconomic position, in the Korean working population. Cancer prevention policy should focus on addressing these socioeconomic inequalities.

Masticatory Performance Measured with a Chewing Gum Containing Spherical Resinous Microparticles

Toshiya Kanazawa,Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2018 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.14 No.4

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with masticatory performance, as measured with a chewing gum containing spherical resinous microparticles, and to evaluate the method by examining the relationship with self-reported masticatory status. Methods: The participants in this study comprised 903 industrial workers (mean age, 42.2±11.6 years). A questionnaire was administered to assess self-reported masticatory status. The masticatory performance score was calculated by counting the number of particles in the chewing gum. Clinical oral examinations were administered. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on the masticatory performance scores to examine the related factors. Analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the association between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status. Results: Significant predictors of the masticatory performance score were sex (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), decayed teeth (p=0.009), total-functional tooth units (p<0.001), periodontitis (p=0.003), and malocclusion (p=0.011). The relationship between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status was attenuated after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusion: The masticatory performance increased with age and decreased as the oral health status worsened. Using this chewing gum method partly, but not comprehensively, reflects masticatory performance. Therefore, various masticatory performance- related indexes should be employed to measure masticatory performance accurately.

Early Childhood Caries and Related Risk Factors among Myanmar Preschool Childre

Kaung Myat Thwin,Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2016 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.12 No.4

Objective: The purposes of this study were to investigate the prevalence of early childhood caries (ECC) in Myanmar preschool children and to assess the relationship between ECC and its potential risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was undertaken among 603 preschool children (3-4 years) from six kindergartens of Yangon city in 2015. Clinical oral examinations of children and questionnaire surveys to guardians were conducted. Results: Overall caries prevalence was 82.9% with mean dmft of 6.42±4.90. Caries prevalence and mean dmft by age were 78.9% and 5.69±4.66 in 3 year-olds, and 87.0% and 7.34±5.03 in 4 year-olds. Longer duration of breast or bottle feeding was significantly associated with higher dental caries experience. Children who took sweet foods or drinks had significantly higher dmft than those who took no sweet foods or drinks. Dental caries prevalence was significantly lower in children who started tooth brushing early. Tooth brushing once a day showed a significantly higher risk of dental caries than tooth brushing twice or more a day. Children who always rinsed after meals were significantly less likely to have dental caries than those who did not rinse at all. Conclusion: ECC is currently a serious oral health problem in Myanmar. Expansion of awareness of dental caries in both parents and oral health professionals would be likely to improve the condition among Myanmar preschool children.

Corrigendum: Masticatory Performance Measured with a Chewing Gum Containing Spherical Resinous Microparticles

Toshiya Kanazawa,Takashi Zaitsu,Masayuki Ueno,Yoko Kawaguchi 대한예방치과학회 2019 International Journal of Clinical Preventive Denti Vol.15 No.1

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with masticatory performance, as measured with a chewing gum containing spherical resinous microparticles, and to evaluate the method by examining the relationship with self-reported masticatory status. Methods: The participants in this study comprised 903 industrial workers (mean age, 42.2±11.6 years). A questionnaire was administered to assess self-reported masticatory status. The masticatory performance score was calculated by counting the number of particles in the chewing gum. Clinical oral examinations were administered. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted on the masticatory performance scores to examine the related factors. Analysis of covariance was conducted to investigate the association between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status. Results: Significant predictors of the masticatory performance score were sex (p<0.001), age (p<0.001), decayed teeth (p=0.009), total-functional tooth units (p<0.001), periodontitis (p=0.003), and malocclusion (p=0.011). The relationship between the masticatory performance score and the self-reported masticatory status was attenuated after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusion: The masticatory performance increased with age and decreased as the oral health status worsened. Using this chewing gum method partly, but not comprehensively, reflects masticatory performance. Therefore, various masticatory performance- related indexes should be employed to measure masticatory performance accurately